Grenvillian and early Paleozoic polyphase metamorphism recorded by eclogite and host garnet mica schist in the North Qaidam orogenic belt

The North Qaidam orogenic belt(NQOB) is generally considered to be an early Paleozoic ultrahigh pressure metamorphic belt,but increasing reports of the Neoproterozoic magmatic and metamorphic events indicate that the NQOB probably also experienced the assembly of the Rodinia.However,the Neoproterozoic evolution of the NQOB is not well constrained due to the sparse records and ambiguous nature of the Neoproterozoic metamorphism.In order to reveal the multi-orogenic history of the NQOB,an integrated study of petrology,phase equilibrium modelling and geochronology was conducted on an epidote eclogite and host garnet mica schist from the Yuka–Luofengpo terrane.New zircon and monazite U–Pb ages show that the protolith of the garnet mica schist was deposited during 994–920 Ma and experienced Neoproterozoic(920–915 Ma) and early Paleozoic(451–447 Ma) polyphase metamorphism together with the enclosed eclogite.Relic omphacite inclusions were first identified in garnet and early Paleozoic zircon domains from the garnet mica schist,which provide solid evidence for the early Paleozoic eclogite facies metamorphism of the mica schist.Similar early Paleozoic peak P–T conditions of 27.4 kbar/613–670 ℃ and 30.2–30.8 kbar/646–655 ℃ were obtained for the garnet mica schist and enclosed eclogite,respectively,indicating that eclogites and their host paragneisses in this region underwent continental deep subduction as a coherent metamorphic terrane in early Paleozoic.The peak P–T conditions of the Neoproterozoic metamorphism were roughly constrained at 7.7–12.0 kbar and 634–680 ℃ for the garnet mica schist,based on stability field of mineral inclusions in Neoproterozoic zircons domains in P–T pseudosection,the relic garnet core composition and Ti-in-zircon thermometer.The high thermal gradients(16–37 ℃/km) defined by presently our and previously reported P–T conditions indicate that the Neoproterozoic metamorphism likely occurred in continental collision setting at 945–890 Ma.Since the Grenvillian syn-orogenic granitic magmatism and metamorphism(ca.1.0–0.9 Ga) in the NQOB are much younger than the Grenvillian orogeny in the central part of Rodinia,the Qaidam Block was probably located at the north margin of Rodinia in Neoproterozoic.     

东昆仑东段加里东造山旋回侵入岩特征研究

新一轮区调填图所获资料表明,加里东期花岗岩成因类型复杂多样,有岛弧花岗岩、同碰撞花岗岩及少量陆内造山花岗岩等,说明东昆仑东段在加里东时期经历了复杂的洋—陆俯冲、陆陆碰撞的动力学过程。     

近2000a毛乌素沙地沙漠化及成因

历史时期毛乌素沙地发生了沙漠化现象,但对沙漠化过程及成因尚有争议。利用毛乌素沙地风成沙-古土壤沉积的测年数据建立累积频度曲线,重建了沙漠化过程;结合高分辨率气候曲线与历史人类活动记录,对近2 000 a毛乌素沙地沙漠化与气候变化、人类活动的关系进行了探讨。结果表明:风成沙-古土壤沉积的测年数据记录了毛乌素沙地在公元440—570、840—960、1525—1890年经历3个沙漠化阶段,均属于温度较低、降水较少的冷干气候,且尘暴频次高;前2次沙漠化时期人口较少,土地开垦面积较小,人类活动程度较低,冷干气候在沙漠化过程中影响显著;第3个沙漠化阶段人口总体处于高压状态,土地开垦面积不断扩大,人类活动强度的增大加剧了沙漠化程度。     

Prestack Kirchhoff time migration of 3D coal seismic data from mining zones

Conventional seismic data processing methods based on post‐stack time migration have been playing an important role in coal exploration for decades. However, post‐stack time migration processing often results in low‐quality images in complex geological environments. In order to obtain high‐quality images, we present a strategy that applies the Kirchhoff prestack time migration (PSTM) method to coal seismic data. In this paper, we describe the implementation of Kirchhoff PSTM to a 3D coal seam. Meanwhile we derive the workflow of 3D Kirchhoff PSTM processing based on coal seismic data. The processing sequence of 3D Kirchhoff PSTM includes two major steps: 1) the estimation of the 3D root‐mean‐square (RMS) velocity field; 2) Kirchhoff prestack time migration processing. During the construction of a 3D velocity model, dip moveout velocity is served as an initial migration velocity field. We combine 3D Kirchhoff PSTM with the continuous adjustment of a 3D RMS velocity field by the criteria of flattened common reflection point gathers. In comparison with post‐stack time migration, the application of 3D Kirchhoff PSTM to coal seismic data produces better images of the coal seam reflections.     

地浸过程中铀迁移特征研究

通过室内溶质迁移试验，对地浸过程中铀迁移的规律进行了研究。结果表明：地浸过程中溶质铀主要以铀酰、硫酸铀酰为主要存在形式；铀迁移经历了溶解迁移、沉淀、再溶解迁移的多次旋回；浸出铀浓度最大值和浸出速度与浸出距离和浸出时间密切相关。     

云微物理参数在飞机积冰分析和预报中的应用研究

对飞机积冰预报的现状进行了分析 ,介绍了积冰预报中云微物理参数的应用概况 ,并就积冰预报中云微物理参数的应用前景进行了分析和讨论。将模式模拟和卫星反演的微物理参数引入飞机积冰分析和预报 ,将进一步提高飞机积冰预报的准确性和合理性     

中国西北干旱半干旱区气溶胶分类及特征

基于2013—2015年CALIPSO星载激光雷达的Level 2数据集资料,对中国西北干旱半干旱区的气溶胶进行了分类研究,并对不同种类气溶胶在不同光学厚度下的年均发生频率做以分析。结果表明：沙尘气溶胶整体随气溶胶光学厚度值增大呈下降趋势;而污染沙尘型气溶胶在6类型气溶胶出现频率最高;大陆污染型气溶胶频率集中在[0.1,0.35],随气溶胶光学厚度值的增大频率呈升高趋势;烟尘型气溶胶频率集中在[0.2,0.4],在不同气溶胶光学厚度值情况下,频率较大陆污染型气溶胶高,随气溶胶光学厚度值的增大频率呈上升趋势;从四季来看,秋季和冬季当气溶胶光学厚度值大于0.1时,大陆污染型气溶胶频率明显高于沙尘气溶胶。春季,河西地区的气溶胶光学厚度高于其他三季,而在研究区域的南部和东南部,秋、冬季的气溶胶光学厚度值高于春、夏季。气溶胶光学厚度秋季 > 春季 > 夏季 > 冬季。     

北极拉普捷夫海夏、秋季颗粒有机碳的分布与来源

随着全球变暖的加剧,北极陆架边缘海碳的源汇过程对全球碳循环的影响及其气候环境效应日益显著。拉普捷夫海作为北冰洋典型的陆架边缘海,在大河、海冰、海洋初级生产力及海岸侵蚀的影响下,该区沉积有机碳的来源、输运和埋藏等过程独具特色。本文基于2018年中俄第二次北极联合科考获得的悬浮颗粒物样品和水文资料,研究了夏末秋初拉普捷夫海颗粒有机碳的分布特征、来源及其影响因素。结果表明,颗粒有机碳（POC）的浓度位于35.27～1 185.58 μg/L之间,平均为172.65 μg/L。受河流输入、海岸侵蚀和海洋初级生产力的影响,表层POC浓度分布呈现近岸高、远岸低趋势;底层POC浓度分布主要受控于沉积再悬浮作用,高浓度POC出现在勒拿河三角洲的东部区域。总悬浮颗粒物浓度与POC浓度总体呈显著正相关,显示出其对POC空间分布的直接影响,且两者在底层中的相关性要高于表层,表明不同层位的POC可能存在来源差异。研究区POC的δ¹³C值处于−31.03‰～−25.79‰之间,表层δ¹³C值较底层明显偏负,且部分站位的δ¹³C值甚至低于周边陆源有机碳的端元,这反映了可能除陆源输入的贡献外,近海浮游植物直接利用大量陆源有机质降解产生的溶解无机碳的过程也对该区域POC的供应和来源解析具有重要的影响。     

基于速度分析的探地雷达阻抗介电常数反演

阻抗反演是利用波阻抗与介电常数关系开展地下介质参数估计的重要技术,在探地雷达以及叠后地震资料解释中具有广泛的应用。常规阻抗反演需要钻孔或测井曲线作为约束项,约束项信息直接影响阻抗反演的估计精度。在缺少钻孔数据的实际应用中,如何开展探地雷达阻抗反演是该方法研究的重要内容之一。基于上述问题,本文提出了基于速度分析的探地雷达阻抗反演方法。其基本思想是基于多偏移距雷达数据开展速度谱分析和Dix反演,以获得不同深度的速度信息作为阻抗反演的约束项;同时,采用K-means方法自动拾取速度谱信息,大大降低了常规人工拾取误差,提高了计算效率。通过典型随机土壤介质模型,验证了本文方法在无钻孔条件下仍然可以获得较好的介电常数估计结果,并测试噪声适应能力强。最后通过美国密歇根州Wurtsmith AFB,in Oscoda区域的探地雷达数据测试了本文提出方法在探地雷达实测数据参数估计中具有较好的应用效果。     

山西吕梁地区汉高山群火山岩成因及其形成环境

吕梁地区汉高山群火山沉积岩是华北克拉通中部带中部中元古代初期火山沉积记录,其成因及形成环境研究对认识华北克拉通结晶基底固结后地质演化有重要意义.该群火山岩为拉斑玄武系列安山岩,SiO2(54.68％ ～56.19％)略低,有较高的MgO(4.97％～6.16％,Mg#=49.4～53.8)及Cr(165×106～174...