Multiple Parameter Regularization: Numerical Solutions and Applications to the Determination of Geopotential from Precise Satellite Orbits

Kaula’s rule of thumb has been used in producing geopotential models from space geodetic measurements, including the most recent models from satellite gravity missions CHAMP. Although Xu and Rummel (Manuscr Geod 20 8–20, 1994b) suggested an alternative regularization method by introducing a number of regularization parameters, no numerical tests have ever been conducted. We have compared four methods of regularization for the determination of geopotential from precise orbits of COSMIC satellites through simulations, which include Kaula’s rule of thumb, one parameter regularization and its iterative version, and multiple parameter regularization. The simulation results show that the four methods can indeed produce good gravitational models from the precise orbits of centimetre level. The three regularization methods perform much better than Kaula’s rule of thumb by a factor of 6.4 on average beyond spherical harmonic degree 5 and by a factor of 10.2 for the spherical harmonic degrees from 8 to 14 in terms of degree variations of root mean squared errors. The maximum componentwise improvement in the root mean squared error can be up to a factor of 60. The simplest version of regularization by multiplying a positive scalar with a unit matrix is sufficient to better determine the geopotential model. Although multiple parameter regularization is theoretically attractive and can indeed eliminate unnecessary regularization for some of the harmonic coefficients, we found that it only improved its one parameter version marginally in this COSMIC example in terms of the mean squared error.     

黑龙江省地质资料信息系统建设与应用

黑龙江省地质资料信息系统建设与应用系统收集了1950年以来全省完成的各类地质成果资料和探矿权登记资料,数据库包括地质调查、矿产勘查、综合研究、矿产地成果等内容,入库地质项目4037个,矿产地793个,配置了1842幅矿产地成果图件,共17．8万个属性项。该地质资料信息系统具有数据管理、维护、查询、检索、输出等功能,在地质矿产行业中有广泛的用途。     

Orthorectification of IKONOS and impact of different resolution DEM

IKONOS image has been wildly used in city planning, precision agriculture and emergence response. However, the accuracy of IKONOS Geo product is limited due to distortion caused by terrain relief. Orthorectification was performed to remove the distortion and the impact of different DEM on orthorectification were evaluated. 38 ground control points （GCPs） and 25 independent check points （ICPs） were collected. DEMs were generated from 1 ： 10 000 and 1 ： 50 000 topographic maps. Results show that RMS error at the check points is 1. 554 0 m using DEM generated from 1 ： 10 000 topographic map, which can meet the accuracy requirement of IKONOS Precision product （1.9 m RMSE）. While RMS error is 2. 572 4 m using DEM generated from 1 ： 50 000 topographic map.     

Single epoch GPS deformation signals extraction and gross error detection technique based on wavelet transform

IntroductionGPS technique is widely used for deformationmonitoring thanks for the high precision. Usual-ly , there are three working modes associatedwith GPS deformation observation: periodicalGPS deformation monitoring net , GPS monito-ring array and rea…     

Observation on height changes of chinese tide gauges by GPS

IntroductionBecause of global temperature rising and glacierthawing,the sea level has risen about 10-25 cmin the past century[1]. The sea level change isone of the main ai ms in global change monito-ring. Presently the basic tool used in sea levelmonitori…     

自适应卡尔曼滤波在GPS/DR组合导航中的应用

针对在观测条件较差的情况下卡尔曼滤波的鲁棒性较差,本文设计了一种自适应卡尔曼滤波模型。通过实际车载GPS/DR组合导航试验,结果表明该模型在观测质量较差的情况下能够抑制较大的偏差,相对于标准卡尔曼滤波模型,其平面定位精度提高了近一倍,达到2～3m。因此,在观测环境较差的情况下建议采用渐消自适应卡尔曼滤波模式进行组合导航。     

GPS接收机工作原理及发展现状

根据GPS接收机的工作原理,分为连续接收机、序贯接收机和多元接收机。讨论了接收机的应用分类,分别为高精度测量型接收机,导航接收机及授时型接收机。根据GPS卫星信号的情况,介绍了GPS接收机的性能指标。根据GNSS的发展现状和卫星信号的实施论述了新一代多模双频接收机指标,根据测试结果证明：这种接收机将是未来GPS接收机的发展方向。     

GPS高程拟合方法的研究

本文在76个拥有GPS大地高和正常高的已知的公共点作为原始数据的基础上,采用二次曲面拟合法、二次曲面加权法、二次曲面多面函数法、二次曲面最小二乘法来建立研究区的似大地水准面,通过实例发现,二次曲面加权法、二次曲面多面函数法、二次曲面最小二乘配置法与二次曲面拟合法进行比较,外检验点中误差的精度得到提高,并且二次曲面拟合所得到的残差值比较大的点精度有明显的提高,同时改善了模型,证明这种组合方法在GPS水准拟合方面有效、可行。     

全球定位系统（GPS）现代化运行控制段（OCX）的进展与现状

主要介绍了美国全球定位系统（GPS）和欧洲伽利略（Galileo）计划的组成部分,着重研究分析了两个系统控制段的现状。随着现代化GPS的到来,传统的GPS控制段已经不能满足GPSIII星座的需求。现代化的GPS运控段（OCX）应运而生,新增加的系统功能保证了GPSIII更优良的可用性和完好性,并且预计在2014年前逐步取代传统的GPS控制段。     

三维虚拟仿真的学生校园活动监控系统

针对目前校园安保监控措施脆弱的实际问题,以及积极推动我国智慧城市建设的实际需求,以中南大学新校区为实验区,基于CityEngine软件的快速建模方法与WebGIS三维模型渲染技术,使用Java语言开发了基于三维虚拟仿真的学生校园活动监控系统。该系统不仅可以进行校园的三维场景动画漫游,还提供了基于学生实时手机定位的监控功能。