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31.
Wang Yanhui 《水文研究》1992,6(2):241-251
Black locust (Robina pseudoacacia) has become one of the most important shelter species in the loess area of northwest China. This paper summarizes recent research concerning its hydrological influence, including canopy interception, litter absorption capacity, its effect on rainfall kinetic energy, infiltration rates, surface runoff, soil moisture, and evapotranspiration, and its role in soil conservation. Several predictive models are listed. on the basis of existing results, optimum characteristics for an effective plantation are defined, and problems requiring further research are identified. 相似文献
32.
Zhang Qing Wang Li-fan Hu Jing-yao P. A. Mazzali Wang Zhen-ru 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》1995,19(4):426-431
We present the modeling of the ultraviolet and optical spectra obtained simultaneously on 1993 April 15 with the HST and at Lick Observatory. A Monte Carlo code is employed in the modeling and a comparison is made between models reported by different groups. With an atmosphere similar to the Sun in chemical composition, the observed spectral lines are well reproduced by a power law density structure of index around 20 except the strong H and HeI λ5876 lines which have peculiar absorption profiles. The photospheric velocity is found to be 9500 km/s and the blackbody temperature of the spectrum is 7990 K. For H and HeI λ5876, we suggest a two-component density structure which has a smoother layer located immediately outside the steeply decreasing inner envelope. The power law indices are most probably 20 and 3, respectively, with the transition point at about 13 000 km/s. In addition, this outer smooth layer serves to flatten the far UV spectrum as observed. 相似文献
33.
Aimed at promoting regional coalitions and expanding the approach to economic links, this paper puts forward some new concepts
such as link intensity and receiving coefficient, expounds the indexes of quantitative analysis of economic links and establishes
the quantitative-analysis model of economic links. With help of the model, this paper calculates the values of the link intensities
between Su-Xi-Chang (Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou) region and Shanghai, and analyzes the regional difference of the economic links. 相似文献
34.
DharmalingamVENUGOPAL 《山地科学学报》2004,1(1):74-80
The Nilgiri Mountains of south India is considered unique by anthropologists, geologists, climatologists, botanists as well as tourists. It has remained a subject of constant study and research over the last two centuries. Man-nature balance had continued undisturbed in the Nilgiris for thousands of years until the early 19th century when it became a British colony attracting, in due course, various developmental activities. Subsequently, the Nilgiris and its popular hill stations emerged as favourite places for the British population in India for rest and recuperation, game and for raising commercial plantations. In the process, the traditional indigenous crops were replaced by “English“ vegetables and the natural forests gave way to commercial plantations of coffee, tea and other exotic species of trees. 相似文献
35.
高从堦 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2003,21(1):40-45
Seawater desalination has been people‘s fond dream since ancient times,the dream is now becoming a reality.This paper presents a brief development history of reverse osmosis.Much attention was paid to innovative development in mebranes,modules.equipments and applied technology,including asymmetric and composite membranes,spiral-wound element and hollow fiber module,energy recovery equipments and different technological processes.The extension of reverse osmosis,such as desalination,pre-concentration,integrated processes and nanofiltration,is also briefly mentioned. 相似文献
36.
37.
WANGWei-wu ZHULi-zhong WANGRen-chao SHIYong-jung 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2003,13(1):39-47
Urban heat environmental quality(UHEQ) is affected by the interacting of weather condition and underlying surface framework of urban area .In the last two decades,many researchers from domestic and overseas have studied many problems at the aspect of urban heat environment such as urban heat islands ,urban air temperature and their rela-tion with urban land cover,city population,air pollution etc,In the recent years,Hangzhou,acting as a center city of Zhejiang Province in China,its urbanization quantum and quantity have both changed greatly,in particular ,representing as business affairs building,resident real property and all kins of specialty market having arisen in built-up zone,Based on Landsat TM images data in 1991 and 1999,urban underlying surface temperature value and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) were calculated using image interpreting and supervised classification technique by remote sensing software ERDAS image 8.4,The relation model between urban underlying surface temperature (UUST )and urban air temperature was setup according to the certain correlation patten .Reference to the relational standard of assessing human comfort and other meteorology data of Hangzhou City in summer,the spatial distribution characteristic and the spatial varia-tion degree of human comfort of heat environmental quality are estimated and mapped on a middle scale,that is ,in six districts of Hangzhou City .Then the paper reveals the main characteristic of spatial variation from 1991 to 1999.Lastly,the change mechanism is analyzed and discussed from the viewpoint of city planning,construction and environmental protec-tion. 相似文献
38.
39.
S. P. Plunkett G. E. Brueckner K. P. Dere R. A. Howard M. J. Koomen C. M. Korendyke D. J. Michels J. D. Moses N. E. Moulton S. E. Paswaters O. C. St. Cyr D. G. Socker D. Wang G. M. Simnett D. K. Bedford D. A. Biesecker C. J. Eyles S. J. Tappin R. Schwenn P. L. Lamy A. Llebaria 《Solar physics》1997,175(2):699-718
We report observations by the Large Angle Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO) on the SOHO spacecraft of three coronal green-line
transients that could be clearly associated with coronal mass ejections (CMEs) detected in Thomson-scattered white light.
Two of these events, with speeds >25 km s-1, may be classified as ‘whip-like’ transients. They are associated with the core of the white-light CMEs, identified with
erupting prominence material, rather than with the leading edge of the CMEs. The third green-line transient has a markedly
different appearance and is more gradual than the other two, with a projected outward speed <10 km s-1. This event corresponds to the leading edge of a ‘streamer blowout’ type of CME. A dark void is left behind in the emission-line
corona following each of the fast eruptions. Both fast emission-line transients start off as a loop structure rising up from
close to the solar surface. We suggest that the driving mechanism for these events may be the emergence of new bipolar magnetic
regions on the surface of the Sun, which destabilize the ambient corona and cause an eruption. The possible relationship of
these events to recent X-ray observations of CMEs is briefly discussed.
Supplementary material to this paper is available in electronic form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004981125702 相似文献
40.
We have measured the contrast of solar faculae near the limb on direct digital video images made with the 65 cm vacuum reflector at the Big Bear Solar Observatory. We used six broad band filters with different wavelengths from red to violet. The range of heliocentric angle covered in our measurements is 0.05 < = cos < 0.4 ( = 87°–66°). About 300 images were measured from observations made during the summers of 1983 and 1985. Over 20000 faculae were measured.By averaging the contrasts of faculae and plotting them vs heliocentric angle, we found that contrast increases monotonically towards the limb for the shorter wavelengths; for longer wavelengths, contrast has a tendency to peak around = 0.15, and then decrease towards the extreme limb. The contrast increases as wavelength decreases. 相似文献