Geochemistry of Heavy Oil in the T Block, Oriente Basin and its Origin

<正>Exploration and development experience show that there is obvious oil gravity difference between the southern part and northern part of the"M1"reservoir in the Fanny oil field in the slope of the Oriente Basin,Ecuador.The American Petroleum Institute Gravity(API) values of oils in the northern part are higher than the one in the southern part of the Fanny oil field,with the values of 20°and 10.0°-13.0°,respectively.So the primary purpose of this study was to analyze the heavy oil characteristics of biodegradation and the oil-oil correlation according to the biomarker data and theδ~(13)C signature of oil samples from T block.The results of the hydrocarbon gas chromatography fingermark and the inversion attribute characteristics indicated that there are fluid compartments between the"M1"reservoir of Fanny south.Finally,the models of oil-gas accumulation under the control of multiple-activities of complicated fault systems,as well as the origin of heavy oil,are contended.The early stage oils from the western part of the basin were biodegraded heavily in varying degrees in the whole basin,and the later stage oils were derived from the southern part in a large scale and were mature and lighter.Generally,oil mixing is the primary control of net oil properties,such as API gravity in Oriente Basin.We therefore predicted that the API gravity variation of oil pools radically depends on the injection amount of the later stage oil.Because of the shale barrier in the"M1"reservoir of Fanny south,the later stage hydrocarbon could not pass through and contribute to increase the oil API value.     

我国南方夏季降水异常和旱涝特征分析

利用我国南方225个测站降水资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,采用线性趋势分析、EOF、合成分析等方法,分析了1961—2010年南方夏季降水异常变化的规律。结果表明:1)南方夏季降水的稳定性从西向东递增。各月中以7月稳定性最差,其次是8月,6月最好;2)南方夏季降水呈东部增多西部减少的分布特征,西部以-5—-20 mm/(10 a)的速率不显著减少,东部大多数区域以5—30 mm/(10 a)的速率不显著增多,其中浙江东部—江苏东南部显著增加;3)南方夏季降水异常主要有全区一致型、南北差异型和东西相反型3种分布模态;西太平洋副热带高压和南支槽是影响南方降水异常的主要系统,两系统的空间配置及其强度变化决定了南方降水异常的不同分布型;4)南方夏季旱涝分布具有相似之处,干旱发生频率高的区域也是洪涝的高频区,但各月分布有差异,夏季及各月的洪涝发生频率高于干旱频率。     

A review on the mechanism and affecting factors of nitrous oxide emission in constructed wetlands

Constructed wetlands (CWs) are considered important sources of nitrous oxide (N₂O). Various reports in the literature indicate that CWs have high N₂O emission rates. The release of N₂O from CWs treating wastewater emissions range from ?16.7 to 188 mg N₂O m^?2day^?1. N₂O in CWs is produced mainly by nitrification, denitrification, nitrifier denitrification, and nitrate-ammonification. Denitrification is considered the major source of N₂O under most conditions. In recent years, two main methods of sampling N₂O gas in CWs have been employed, including the headspace equilibration technique and the closed static chambers technique. N₂O emission may be affected by various operating parameters and environmental conditions. One of the main environmental factors affecting the removal of nitrogen in CWs is dissolved oxygen, which affects nitrification and denitrification processes, thus greatly influencing N₂O emission. CW gas dynamics is affected mainly by season and weather conditions, especially temperature and moisture. Aquatic plants, flow regime, oxidation–reduction potential, nitrate concentration, C/N ratio and other factors can affect N₂O emission in CWs.     

基于WebGIS的城市饮用水源地水质监测评价系统的实现

介绍了以城市饮用水的水质监测与评价为目标,Flex Viewer为框架,综合运用WebGIS,Flex, WebService,水质评价模型等技术进行开发的城市饮用水水源地水质监测评价系统。该系统具有地图服务、水质监测、水质评价、统计等功能,监测饮用水源地水质及其变化状况,进行水质评价生成专题图,方便专业人员和社会公众对水质监测成果的直观了解。     

基于数据挖掘研究穴位注射治疗周围性面瘫的选穴规律

目的：基于数据挖掘研究穴位注射治疗周围性面瘫的选穴规律。方法：在中国知网（CNKI）、维普中文科技期刊数据库（VIP）、万方数据（WANFANG DATA）三大数据库检索穴位注射治疗周围性面瘫的相关临床文献,检索年限为2015年1月至2020年11月。对全部数据进行描述性分析、关联性分析、聚类分析,总结出穴位注射治疗周围性面瘫的临床特点和用穴规律。结果：最终纳入文献73篇,腧穴33个。排前10位的腧穴依次为翳风、地仓、颊车、太阳、阳白、足三里、迎香、下关、颧髎、牵正穴。涉及10条经脉,使用频次排前3位的依次为足阳明胃经、经外奇穴、手少阳三焦经。16个腧穴属于特定穴。腧穴主要集中在面部、头颈部。关联分析显示,符合要求的腧穴组合共16组。聚类分析得到4个有效穴位组合;树状图将排前20位的穴位分为两类,翳风-地仓-颊车-太阳为一类,属重点要穴。结论：周围性面瘫病位主要在面部,故治疗多选取近部穴位,配合远部取穴,选穴应多重视十二经脉阳经腧穴、经外奇穴、交会穴的运用。     

2008～2009年大柴旦6.3、6.4级地震序列活动特征及前兆异常

利用区域地震构造和震源机制解等资料初步探讨了大柴旦强震发震构造。结合德令哈2003年6.6级、2004年2～5月5次5级的地震序列分布特征,初步探讨了大柴旦两次强震的地震序列时间、空间分布特征,同时分析了区域历史地震活动特点。初步分析了近10年来两次8级地震对该地区的影响,并结合青海地区的前兆观测资料分析和讨论了前兆异常及其特点。     

青海玉树7.1级地震异常及其思考

玉树7.1级地震前,青海南部—西藏东部大范围区域存在6级、5级及ML4级地震空区,主震前130 min发生了4.7级直接前震。2009年11月以来,青海境内又显现多项较为突出的前兆观测异常。总结认为这些异常应属玉树7.1级地震异常。尤其是多震级档地震空区配套出现,表明该区应力处于逐级闭锁状态,对大震孕育区域有很好的指示意义,可作为今后大震跟踪的重要依据。     

2008、2009年大柴旦6.3级、6.4级地震序列活动特征及前兆异常

利用区域地震构造和震源机制解等资料初步探讨了大柴旦强震发震构造。结合德令哈2003年6.6级、2004年2～5月5次5级的地震序列分布特征,初步探讨了大柴旦两次强震的地震序列时间、空间分布特征,同时分析了区域历史地震活动特点。初步分析了近10年来两次8级地震对该地区的影响,并结合青海地区的前兆观测资料分析和讨论了前兆异常及其特点。     

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