规划实施动态评估技术支撑体系研究

主要研究城乡规划实施动态评估技术支撑体系,将传统评估数据与城市动态数据相结合,将空间地理数据与社会属性数据相结合,将城市定量工具分析与专家经验分析相结合,最终实现了规划动态评估新模式;主要从城市发展现状动态监测、数据挖掘、动态评估工具及系统构建3个方面阐述城乡规划实施动态评估支持技术体系的关键技术及应用模式。     

一种利用空间信息与数字技术专业知识的“互联网+”创新创业方法

“互联网+”已成为推动我国经济发展的必然趋势,如何培养符合时代发展的创新创业型人才成为政府和高校研究的重要课题。本文对利用空间信息与数字技术专业知识进行“互联网+”创新创业的成功案例进行分析,结合实践教学指导经验,提出了利用专业知识的“互联网+”创新创业步骤与方法,通过对相关创新创业竞赛数据的统计,验证了该方法的实践应用效果与前景。本文方法与当前大测绘科学下相关专业的创新创业人才培养方案相辅相成,可融入相关知识点教学。     

<Superscript>40</Superscript>Ar/<Superscript>39</Superscript>Ar geochronology of the Faku tectonites: Implications for the tectonothermal evolution of the Faku block,northern Liaoning

For lack of reliable isotopic chronological data, the metamorphic rock series in the Faku region of northern Liaoning has long been regarded as the platform basement. Recent studies reveal that these deformed and metamorphosed rocks, with a variety of protoliths of plutonic intrusions and supracrustal volcanic and sedimentary rocks, were genetically related to later ductile shearing events, and they, together with the syntectonic intrusions, constituted the large-scale Faku tectonites. In this paper, we report new ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar data on hornblende, biotite, and K-feldspar from typical granitic mylonites in this suite of tectonites. The plateau age 256 Ma of FK53 hornblende and the high-temperature plateau age 262 Ma of Fk51-1 biotite should represent the cooling ages when the granites, formed as a result of Paleozoic oceanic crustal subduction beneath the continental crust or collision of multiple micro-continental blocks, were exhumed into shallow crustal levels. The plateau age 231 Ma of FK51-1 boitite and the apparent age 227 Ma of Fk51-2 K-feldspar are interpreted to record the time of ductile deformation occurring under greenschist facies conditions, i.e. the formation age of the Faku tectonites, while the age gradient from 197 Ma to 220 Ma of Fk51-2 K-feldspar probably record the subsequent stable uplift-cooling process. The tectonic exhumation event indicated by the plateau age 180 Ma of Fk51-2 K-feldspar may be associated with the onset of paleo-Pacific subduction beneath the North China plate. In addition, the U-Pb dating of FK54 zircon from later-intruded granite yields the age of crystallization of this super-unit intrusion at 159 Ma, thus establishing an upper limit for the formation age of the Faku tectonites, while the plateau age 125 Ma of Fk54 K-feldspar most likely corresponds to the rapid cooling and tectonic denudation event associated with the final collision between the Siberian plate and the North China plate. These isotopic ages provide important geochronological constraints for re-evaluating the tectonic essence of the Faku Faulted Convex and ascertaining the suturing boundary between the North China Platform and the Xingmeng Fold System.     

~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar geochronology of the Faku tectonites:Implications for the tectonothermal evolution of the Faku block,northern Liaoning

As for the metamorphic rock series distributed on the “Faku Faulted Convex (FFC)”[1] of the northern Liaoning, the earliest geologic investigation divided it into the Langzishan, Dashiqiao and Gaixian forma-tions1) and considered it to be equivalent to the Liaohe Group in the eastern Liaoning, whereas Liaoning Bu-reau of Geology and Mineral Resources (LBGMR) included it into the Lower Proterozoic basement[1]. Recent 1︰50000 scale geological mapping2) reveals that this deformed and …     

南极国际GPS联测的海潮位移改正

根据海洋负荷潮理论,利用CRS4.0全球海潮模型,计算了参加南极国际GPS联测的中国南极长城站和中山站的海潮位移改正,并将海潮位移改正应用到GPS数据处理当中。在GAMIT软件的解算过程中,分别按加入和不加入海潮位移改正,对GPS基线分量进行了计算和比较分析。结果表明,对于南极国际GPS联测,海潮位移改正对GPS基线分量具有不可忽略的影响,数据处理时需要重点考虑。     

A New Material of Lindera (Lauraceae) of the Late Pliocene from Tengchong, Yunnan and the Genus' Biogeography Significance

Lindera is a large genus of graceful, pleasantly scented and common native trees and shrubs of southern China and neighboring regions of SE Asia. There is a well-documented Cenozoic fossil record not only in these regions but also from elsewhere. A new fossil leaf record has been found in diatomite beds from the Upper Pliocene Mangbang Formation of Tuantian, Tengchong County, Yunnan. The leaves are identified and assigned to Lindera acuminatissima K. Q. Dao et B. N. Sun sp. nov., by comparing their leaf architecture and epidermal characteristics with those of 51 extant Lauraceae species and with 15 known fossil Lindera taxa. The specimens have well-preserved cuticles, with typical leaf architecture and epidermal characteristics of the Lauraceae, including entire leaf margin, intramarginal veins, basal ternate acrodromous primary veins, one-cell trichome base, paracytic stomatal apparatus, sunken guard cells, subsidiary hardly staining cells and presence of oil cells. These characteristics are consistent with Lindera sect. Daphnidium but are different from reported fossil and extant species of Lindera. The cuticles of Lindera are fragile and delicate with only three Lindera fossils reported based on this tissue. In terms of paleobiogeography, the fossil record indicates that Lindera is distributed in high- to mid-latitude regions of the Late Cretaceous to Paleocene northern hemisphere. Coincidentally, the records of Lindera located on both sides of the Bering Land Bridge possibly support the hypothesis that ancient plants extended via transcontinental exchanges through the Bering Corridor. In the Eocene, ancient Lindera spread to Europe through the Northern Degeer Route and the Southern Thulian Route. At the same time, ancient Lindera spread into Central Asia. Climatic changes and tectonization since the Neogene prevented the propagation of Lindera throughout Asia, North America and Europe, and hence the distribution areas have just regressed to the low-latitude regions in Asia and North America. From the Paleogene to the Neogene, Lindera has changed its distribution by surviving extreme climate changes. Quaternary glaciations ultimately led to Lindera becoming extinct in Europe. The new record from Tengchong, Yunnan, with its lower latitude located in tropical and subtropical regions, indicates that Lindera has lived in those regions since the late Pliocene.     

淮南煤田张集煤矿煤层中稳定有机碳同位素分布特征

通过对淮南煤田张集煤矿9个煤层的33个煤样稳定有机碳同位素的分析,研究了碳同位素值(δ13C)在煤层中的分布特征和变化趋势.研究表明:张集煤矿煤的δ13C值范围为-23.44‰-25.37‰,平均-24.18‰,不同煤层的δ13C值范围不同,为煤层识别和对比提供了新的依据;自下而上由4-1煤至11-2煤层碳同位素均值呈波动变化,在6煤和9-1煤处分别达到极小值和极大值,这种差异反应了不同煤层的成煤植物生长时期古环境的变化,特别是大气中CO2和温度的变化,与沉积环境也存在着相关性.     

风能方向性参量遥感反演

目前可遥感反演的海上风能参量主要为平均风速和平均风功率密度,缺乏对风能方向性参量的反演。本文建立了以风向频率、风能密度方向分布为核心的风能方向性参量体系及相应的反演方法,使用2007年—2016年ASCAT星载散射计观测数据进行了反演实验,并利用海上现场观测数据对反演结果进行比较验证,通过理论分析和模拟实验对反演方法的数据量需求和误差传递进行了分析。结果表明,90%的反演结果通过了所有的同一性检验,验证了其有效性和准确性;风向频率和风能密度方向分布准确反演所需的最小数据量分别为350条和800条;遥感反演的风速风向数据的误差使得最终反演的风能方向性参量趋于离散,真实的风能方向分布越集中,对其影响越敏感。     

针对复杂道路网络的车辆轨迹地图匹配算法

针对高度城市化地区存在的复杂道路网络环境下,如何高效地进行车辆轨迹数据的地图匹配问题,该文提出了一种针对复杂道路网络的车辆轨迹数据地图匹配算法。该算法以车辆轨迹序列为匹配对象,通过环形轨迹的识别把车辆轨迹序列划分为无环路轨迹段,并用道路拓扑关系来计算轨迹序列的最优匹配路线,实现在复杂道路网络中的车辆轨迹数据地图匹配。为了验证本算法的性能,以上海市道路网络为实验区,以约1.3万辆出租车在2015年4月的轨迹数据为数据源,进行实证研究。实验结果显示,该文提出的地图匹配算法在复杂的道路网络中有较高的匹配成功率和匹配效率。