环境因子及药物对牙鲆盾纤类纤毛虫病病原纤毛虫的影响

报道了牙鲆寄生盾纤类纤毛虫病病原形态，温度，盐度、ｐＨ值对病原纤毛虫的影响，药物筛选，试验结果表明，该纤毛虫适宜生长的温度为１５￣２０℃、盐度３０￣３５‰，ｐＨ值４－６。外用药如：福尔马林，高锰酸钾，卤素类消毒剂以及淡水支该纤毛虫有较好的杀灭作用。     

青岛两次极端高温天气成因分析

本文从天气学角度分析青岛历史上两次极端高温过程的特点。发现青岛出现极端温度两次过程有共同的特性：都发生在厄尔尼诺当年，都是大陆深厚暖高压控制；低空有强而持久的暖中心；高空为较强的下沉运动，有利于下沉增温；高低层相对湿度小，天气晴好，有利于太阳辐射地面增温；地面北风场。有利于大陆高温热风南袭。这些是促成高温过程的重要原因。     

The lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary beneath the western United States

S receiver functions from 67 broad-band seismic stations in the western United States clearly reveal the existence of a mantle discontinuity with velocity reduction downward, which we interpret as the lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary (LAB). The average depth of the LAB is ∼70 km. The boundary is relatively sharp with an overall sharpness of less than 20 km. The boundary is more prominent south of the Mendocino Triple Junction, where the Farallon Plate has completely subducted. This may indicate partial melts at the base of the lithosphere caused by the upwelling of the asthenospheric flow through the slab window. A double low velocity zone is observed at base of the lithosphere beneath southern Sierra Nevada, implying a second melting zone at a depth of ∼100 km, well correlated with previous studies of lithospheric delamination in the area.     

Shear-enhanced compaction during non-linear viscous creep of porous calcite-quartz aggregates

In this paper, we extend the previous studies of semi-brittle flow of synthetic calcite-quartz aggregates to a range of temperatures and effective pressures where viscous creep occurs. Triaxial deformation experiments were performed on hot-pressed calcite-quartz aggregates containing 10, 20 and 30 wt% quartz at confining pressure of 300 MPa, pore pressures of 50-290 MPa, temperatures of 673-1073 K and strain rates of 3.0×10⁻⁵/s, 8.3×10⁻⁵/s and 3.0×10⁻⁴/s. Starting porosity varied from 5 to 9%. We made axial and volumetric strain measurements during the mechanical tests. Pore volume change was measured by monitoring the volume of pore fluid that flows out of or into the specimen at constant pore pressure. Yield stress increased with decreasing porosity and showed a dependence on effective pressure. Thus, the yield stress versus effective pressure can be described as a yield surface with negative slope that expands with decreasing porosity and increasing strain hardening, gradually approaching the envelope of strength at 10% strain, which has a positive slope. Creep of porous rock can be modeled to first order as an isolated equivalent void in an incompressible nonlinear viscous matrix. An incremental method is used to calculate the stress-strain curve of the porous material under a constant external strain rate. The numerical simulations reproduce general trends of the deformation behavior of the porous rock, such as the yield stress decreasing with increasing effective pressure and significant strain hardening at high effective pressure. The drop of yield stress with increasing porosity is modeled well, and so is the volumetric strain rate, which increases with increasing porosity.     

Receiver functions in northeast China - implications for slab penetration into the lower mantle in northwest Pacific subduction zone

Seismic studies of the subducting lithosphere and the upper mantle discontinuities in the northwest Pacific subduction zone beneath Japan and northeast China have suggested contrary subduction scenarios. There was little consensus on the issue whether the subducting slab penetrates the upper mantle discontinuities into the lower mantle or it is deflected atop of the 660-km discontinuity over several hundred kilometers. We calculate receiver functions from a recent seismic broadband station network located in northeast China and find topographic variations of the upper mantle discontinuities. A deeper-than-normal 660-km discontinuity is observed over an area of 400 km and it coincides with the stagnant slab imaged by seismic tomography. The 660-km discontinuity is locally depressed by more than 35 km and the transition zone is thickened by more than 20 km in the east of the region where it encounters the slab. These observations provide evidence of the slab accumulating in the mantle transition zone and locally penetrating into the lower mantle.     

突发性暴雨的中尺度对流复合体环境条件的个例分析

本文给出了2001年8月24－25日在500hPa西北气流下产生的对流云团单体合并、加强形成中尺度对流复合体（简称MCC）的发展过程，并对其发生的环境条件进行了分析。结果表明，当低层水汽充足、局地大气具有潜在不稳定能量和适当的触发条件时，在500hPa西北气流控制的地区会出现中尺度对流复合体，产生强降水天气。本次过程主要是低层气流的辐合造成水汽、能量的聚积，低层的增暖增湿，高层的干冷空气入侵，形成了强的对流不稳定区；中尺度扰动及低空偏南气流在地面静止锋上被迫抬升，引起中尺度对流云团发展合并，是MCC生成的主要机制。     

油藏色谱指纹非均质性形成机理及其稳定性实验模拟

从油田开发动态地球化学监测的基本地质概念模型出发，应用油藏流体非均质性理论，分析了不同地质时期原油色谱指纹变化的地质因素。通过指纹GC／MS鉴定和实验模拟地下不同温度和不同时间的开采条件，分析了油藏开采过程中色谱指纹的变化规律。结果表明：原油色谱指纹稳定性主要和化合物的性质、含量以及色谱柱分离度有关。油藏开采过程中，适当碳数范围内的原油色谱指纹在井底和井口的不同温度条件下以及同一单层在一定的观测时间范围内具有稳定性。研究结果对进一步开拓原油色谱指纹在油田开发管理中的应用具有重要的理论价值。     

四川盆地南北缘志留纪Ⅲ型干酪根及其地质意义

从四川盆地南北缘近古陆的下志留统中所获干酪根显示,主要以Ⅲ型为主,其中含有管胞、木质素、纤维素等维管植物成分,而在盆地内的远离古陆地区干酪根则表现出以Ⅰ型为主。据此不仅说明在早志留世早期本区古陆上已出现有维管植物,而且进一步证实环境因素对植物演化具有重要影响     

两种芽孢杆菌脱磷行为的比较

在研究枯草、生尘芽孢杆菌代谢特性的基础上,考察了两种细菌在不同培养基中的过量摄磷、溶磷行为。进行了高磷贫碳酸锰矿石微生物脱磷的初步研究。结果表明：生尘芽孢杆菌较枯草芽孢杆菌有更强的摄磷、溶磷作用;以生尘芽孢杆菌为菌种进行高磷贫碳酸锰矿石的脱磷更为有效。     

皖浙山区大坝坝址环境水特征与作用

大坝建成水库蓄水,坝址水环境发生明显变化,致使水岩间相互作用加剧。在渗透压力作用下,弱酸性的水库底层水侵蚀力加强;水对岩石和混凝土的作用造成了坝基地下水的酸性和碱性化;坝基地下水地球化学环境的改变,是造成坝基排水孔胶状析出物排出的主要原因。大坝两侧岸坡和坝基地下水坡降增大,绕坝渗漏的存在,是造成大坝岸坡坝基不稳定的主要因素。