西秦岭天水地区关子镇中基性岩浆杂岩体锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

西秦岭天水关子镇地区新确定的流水沟变质中基性岩浆杂岩体主要由变质辉长岩-辉长闪长岩-闪长岩组成,地球化学特征显示其形成于岛弧构造环境。变质中基性岩浆杂岩的TIMS法锆石U-Pb同位素年龄为(507.5±3.0)Ma,表明西秦岭北带岛弧型岩浆岩的形成时代为晚寒武世,反映以关子镇蛇绿岩为代表的古洋盆的俯冲作用和形成火山-岩浆岛弧的时限可能为晚寒武世或稍早。     

陇山杂岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

陇山杂岩位于华北克拉通西南缘,构造位置与小秦岭地区遥相呼应,主要为一套中、深变质的火山-侵入岩和碎屑岩系正变质花岗质片麻岩具有高SiO2,Al2O3,高Na2O/K2O(>2.0)以及Sr/Y(>20)和La/Yb(N)(>10)特征,与太古代TTG岩套(奥长花岗岩-英云闪长岩-花岗闪长岩)的地化特征相似,是陇山杂岩内部首次发现并报道的TTG质片麻岩系露头;LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果显示三组峰值年龄:1.90Ga(1.90-1.95Ga)、2.35Ga(2.35-2.40Ga)和2.50Ga(2.45-2.50Ga)1.90Ga的Th/U为0-0.08,2.35Ga和2.50Ga的Th/U几乎都大于0.1,指示陇山杂岩经历了1.9Ga透入性的变质事件、2.35Ga和2.50Ga岩浆事件,2.50Ga代表了英云闪长岩的形成时限本文地球化学以及年代学研究结果与华北克拉通内部记录一致。陇山杂岩与太华杂岩、涑水杂岩和登封杂岩等共同构成了华北地块南缘基底岩系的出露带,广泛且强烈的1.9Ga变质年龄记录显示本地区也可能受到了早元古代前Rodinia超大陆的影响     

Process of Rifting and Collision along Plate Margins of the Qinling Orogenic Belt and Its Geodynamics

The Qinling erogenic belt underwent complicated processes of rifting and collision, as shown by the coexistence of (1) ocean extension and plate margin rifting and (2) subduction of the frontal oceanic crust and extension of the rear plate margin. These resulted in a basin-mountain framework characterized by the coexistence of plates separated by the ocean basin and continental blocks demarcated by the rifting sea trough in the marginal region and the coexistence of subduction orogeny and ocean extension. Generally speaking, the plate marginal area between the North China plate and Yangtze plate continually rifted from north to south and the rifted micro-plates continually accreted northwards. This especial orogenic process was probably controlled by two events of deep mantle geody-namic adjustment and mantle plume activities, which occurred in the Shangdan suture belt and Mianlue suture belt from north to south respectively.     

水文地球化学方法在煤矿水害研究中的某些应用——以平顶山、肥城矿区研究为例

矿井防治水的理论和工程实践表明，水文地球化学方法是矿井水害预防和治理工作中较为有效的一种方法，以平顶山矿区、肥城矿区为例，阐述了水文地球化学方法在水害研究中的某些应用，在平顶山矿区、环境同位素（氢、氧）和统计分析（聚类分析）技术的研究结果，进一步证实和校正了以往对该区水流系统的概念模型，即局部水流系统和过渡水流系统（或西南部和东北部子系统）的划分仅适于寒武系灰岩含水系统；砂岩含水层在矿区中、北部低山区接受大气降水补给，并有可能补给薄层灰岩含水层。在肥城矿区，地下水示踪试验结果表明，该区的GF9，F7－1、F7－3断层在试验段内具有较强的导水性，奥灰水可通过上述断层并以不同特征的通道和速度继续径流并补给各井下出水点，因而是该区煤矿安全的主要威胁。     

论羌塘地块结构的不均一性和深部信息

根据藏北羌塘地区最新地质、地球物理资料(以MT为主)综合分析，对比西部和东部综合剖面各单元结构特征，发现羌塘地块结构不均一性特征明显。西部隆起区结构独特，浅中部与深部结构有别，存在一南倾低阻异常带。西中部剖面南羌塘坳陷与西部隆起区深部结构相似，壳内低阻层呈双层。其他地段和东部剖面均呈中隆两坳格局，壳内低阻层仅一层。中部隆起带的深部总是对应一直立极低阻异常带。北羌塘坳陷低阻凹陷规模大，基底埋深大，横向分块明显，北中段热力改造较强，深部存在l～2个极低阻异常区带。总体上表现为南北分区带、东西分块段、垂向分圈层，MT显示壳内低阻层顶界面深度不一，横向变化大，低阻层呈①直切式：从深50～60km处呈柱状直接切断两侧高阻体，升达地面；②蘑菇云状：从深100km处呈宽约50km的蘑菇云状升入到地下10km；③上下叠置三明治式：以双层低阻层或多层高阻体上下叠置呈三明治式结构。南部基底电阻率显著高于北部，基底构造分三块：西南部、中东部和东部。这种结构不均一既有其深部构造作用控制，可能存在热异常柱，又有后期改造作用的叠加。     

Elemental Geochemical Anomaly in the Sinian Doushantuo Formation-Dengying FormationBoundary in Miaohe, Hubei

No research has been made on such a lower rank boundary as the Sinian Doushantuo Formation-Dengying Formation boundary in the eastern region of the Yangtze Gorges. Elemental geochemical determination has revealed anomalies of REE and other trace elements around the boundary, which have relatively high contents than those in its overlying and underlying beds. The authors therefore think that a catastrophic event once occurred in the Miaohe area at the end of the Doushantuoan Period, which caused the mass extinction of the Miaohe biota.     

新疆麻扎尔塔格地区铁富集型高镁岩浆的源区

麻扎尔塔格地区位于塔里木板块西缘 ,巴楚县东部。该区有密集的二叠纪脉岩群产出 ,侵入于志留系、泥盆系、石炭系和下二叠统 ,主要岩石类型是辉绿岩、辉绿玢岩、暗色橄榄辉长岩、煌斑岩等。其中 ,暗色橄榄辉长岩的 Fe2 O3 Fe O=14 .4 0 %～ 16 .88% ,Mg O=17.2 1%～ 18.5 9% ,属铁富集型高镁岩浆岩。它们的 Mg#=6 7～ 6 8,Fe Ot/Mg O <1,Ni=4 6 9× 10 - 6 ～ 6 35× 10 - 6 ,大体上代表了原生岩浆。而辉绿玢岩和辉绿岩的 Mg#、Fe Ot/Mg O和 Ni丰度则证明它们属适度演化的岩浆。岩相学与岩石化学证明 ,橄榄石和单斜辉石的分离结晶作用是岩浆演化的主要机制。各种脉岩均具有板内拉张环境下玄武岩的稀土元素和微量元素地球化学特征。这些岩石具有相同的 Nd、Sr、Pb同位素组成 ,1 43Nd/1 44 Nd=0 .5 12 5 0 8～ 0 .5 12 786 ,87Sr/86 Sr=0 .70 4 2 4 6～ 0 .70 6 4 4 4 ,2 0 6 Pb/2 0 4 Pb=18.17～ 19.2 4 ,2 0 7Pb/2 0 4 Pb=15 .4 7～ 15 .71,2 0 8Pb/2 0 4 Pb=38.6 3～ 39.32。由此证明 ,这些脉岩具有原始地幔的 Nd、Sr、Pb同位素组成 ,它们的岩浆源区应该位于下地幔。     

黄土地层中真菌孢子的发现及古环境意义

通过对我国各地１３０余块表层土壤样品的分析，发现了多种类型的真菌孢子，其中有一类大孢子（大小１００－３５０μｍ，外壁厚５－１０μｍ以上）与在黄土地层及红粘土层中发现的带尾的微球粒形态是一致的，进一步研究认为这种微球粒实际上是一类分布在我国北方干旱、半干旱草原区的真菌大孢子。这一发现对于恢复黄土地层及红粘土层沉积环境的演化有一定意义。     

A Discussion on the Two-stage Mineralization of the Baguamiao-Shuangwang Gold Orefield, Shaanxi Province, China

The gold orefield studied is located on the south border of the underthrust-collision zone of the Qinling microplate and the North China microplate in the Indosinian epoch. The main ore deposits localized in the area where the WNW-trending compression-shear type fault of the Indosinian epoch intersected the NE-trending tenso-shear type fault of the Yanshanian epoch. The orebody appeared in a chambered or wedged form. The mineral composition is relatively complex. On the southeastern border of the orefield there have developed intermediate-acid anatectic magmatites of the Mesozoic Era. Three-phase inclusions (Lco2, Vco2 and LNaCl-H2O) comprise over 50%, associated with vapor phase consisting of H2O, CO2, CO, CH4, N2 and H2. The ore-forming fluids can be divided into 2 stages (the early and the late). The samples are projected in the area of mixture of initial magmatic and meteoric water on the δD-δ18O diagram, suggesting two types of mineralization, i.e. the re-equilibrated magmatic-hydrothermal type an     

Petrogenetic Evolution of the Bayan Gol Ophiolite— Geological Record of an Early Carboniferous "Red Sea Type"Ocean Basin in the Tianshan Mountains, Northwestern China

The Bayan Gol ophiolite fragment is a portion of the North Tianshan Early Carboniferous ophiolite belt. This ophiolite belt represents a geological record of an Early Carboniferous “Red Sea type” ocean basin that was developed on the northern margin of the Tianshan Carboniferous-Permian rift system in northwestern China. The late Early Carboniferous Bayan Gol ophiolite suite was emplaced in an Early Carboniferous rift volcanosedimentary succession of shallow-marine to continental facies (Volcanics Unit). Ophiolitic rocks in the Bayan Gol area comprise ultramafic rocks, gabbros with associated plagiogranite veins, diorite, diabase, pillow basalts and massive lavas. The Early Carboniferous tiffing and the opening process of the North Tianshan ocean basin produced mafic magmas in composition of tholeiite and minor amounts of evolved magmas. Compositions of trace elements and Nd, Sr and Pb isotopes reveal the presence of two distinct mantle sources: (1) the Early Carboniferous rift mafic lavas from the Volcanics Unit were generated by a relatively low degree of partial melting of an asthenospheric OIB-type intraplate source; (2)younger (late Early Carboniferous, -324.8 Ma ago) mafic lavas from the Ophiolite Unit were formed in a relatively depleted MORB-like mantle source, located in the uppermost asthenosphere and then gradually mixed with melts from the asthenospheric OIB-like mantle. A slight interaction between asthenosphere-derived magmas and lithospheric mantle took place during ascent to the surface. Subsequently, the most depleted mafic lavas of the ophiolite assemblage were contaminated by upper-crustal components (seawater or carbonate crust).