闽北东坑火山盆地白垩纪火山—侵入杂岩的岩石成因与金成矿

火山岩和侵入岩是许多浅成低温热液型金矿床成矿物质和流体的重要来源。中生代时期华南陆块经历了强烈的岩浆—热液活动,在中国东南沿海地区形成了大量的火山—侵入杂岩和浅成低温热液金矿。本文选取该区研究程度较低的闽北政和县东坑火山盆地为研究对象,利用岩相学、年代学、全岩地球化学、Sr—Nd—Hf同位素等方法,来探讨该火山盆地中火山岩和侵入岩的成因联系、岩浆演化过程以及它们与盆地内同时期金矿的关系。东坑火山盆地由多种岩性的火山岩和空间上与其密切共生的浅成侵入相花岗斑岩、石英二长斑岩,以及携带暗色微粒包体的花岗岩脉组成。LA- ICP- MS锆石U- Pb定年显示,东坑的火山岩和侵入岩均形成于白垩纪（101. 0±0. 9~97. 3±1. 2 Ma）,其全岩Sr—Nd同位素组成较均一\[n（87Sr）/ n（86Sr）\]i=0. 7085~0. 7104;εNd(t)= -8. 83~ -7. 34,但锆石Hf同位素组成变化范围较大εHf(t)= -14. 0~3. 3。岩石地球化学特征显示,该盆地火山—侵入杂岩为富碱、富钾的准铝—弱过铝质岩石,这些岩石具有连续线性变化的主量元素特征、右倾的稀土配分曲线、弱至中等的Eu负异常（Eu/Eu* =0. 19~0. 83）、较高的氧逸度（lgfO2=-17. 44~-4. 18）以及大离子亲石元素Rb、K、Pb富集,高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti亏损的特征。综合年代学及岩石地球化学特征,认为东坑火山盆地中的火山—侵入杂岩是在古太平洋板块俯冲后撤的伸展构造背景下,幔源岩浆上涌促使地壳源岩发生重新熔融并与之混合,不断演化,最终侵位于地壳浅表的产物。岩浆的源区组成、结晶分异和高氧逸度条件等共同造就了该盆地及周围同时期金的成矿。     

Effect of the Initial Vortex Structure on Intensity Change During Eyewall Replacement Cycle of Tropical Cyclones: A Numerical Study

This study investigates the effect of the initial tropical cyclone (TC) vortex structure on the intensity change during the eyewall replacement cycle (ERC) of TCs based on two idealized simulations using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. Results show that an initially smaller TC with weaker outer winds experienced a much more drastic intensity change during the ERC than an initially larger TC with stronger outer winds. It is found that an initially larger TC vortex with stronger outer winds favored the development of more active spiral rainbands outside the outer eyewall, which slowed down the contraction and intensification of the outer eyewall and thus prolonged the duration of the concentric eyewall and slow intensity evolution. In contrast, the initially smaller TC with weaker outer winds corresponded to higher inertial stability in the inner core and weaker inertial stability but stronger filamentation outside the outer eyewall. These led to stronger boundary layer inflow, stronger updraft and convection in the outer eyewall, and suppressed convective activity outside the outer eyewall. These resulted in the rapid weakening during the formation of the outer eyewall, followed by a rapid re-intensification of the TC during the ERC. Our study demonstrates that accurate in- itialization of the TC structure in numerical models is crucial for predicting changes in TC intensity during the ERC. Additionally, monitoring the activity of spiral rainbands outside the outer eyewall can help to improve short-term intensity forecasts for TCs experiencing ERCs.     

Evaluating the effect of input variables on quantifying the spatial distribution of croaker Johnius belangerii in Haizhou Bay,China

A habitat model has been widely used to manage marine species and analyze relationship between species distribution and environmental factors. The predictive sk...     

中国地区三种地表反照率产品比较

利用2007—2011年MODIS、GlobAlbedo和ERA-Interim的3种地表反照率产品,借助地理信息系统(Geographic Information System, GIS)空间化技术,对中国地区3种地表反照率产品进行了对比分析。结果表明：3种产品与气象站观测值的时间分布趋势一致,冬季高夏季低,且相关性较高。3种产品中,MODIS与GlobAlbedo的绝对差异值最小,ERA-Interim与MODIS、GlobAlbedo的绝对差异值较大。3种产品在青藏高原和西北山地区域表现出较大的差异,且差异表现为冬半年高,夏半年低。3种产品之间相关性最高的是MODIS与GlobAlbedo,最低的是MODIS与ERA-Interim, 3种产品在40°N以北具有较好的相关性。且在夏季和冬季地表反照率均值的表现说明,ERA-Interim相比MODIS、GlobAlbedo难以反映地表反照率受地形和土地覆被的影响。     

石英脉型钨多金属矿床的扇状成矿实例及找矿模型

石英脉型钨矿床是中国数量最多的钨矿床类型,但保有储量消耗迅速,迫切需要创新找矿模型,指导找矿突破。文章结合二十余年的找矿实践,通过详细分析扇状成矿矿床实例,构建了石英脉型钨矿床新的找矿模型。该模型强调赋矿裂隙为岩浆动力成因,在花岗岩体顶部呈扇状分布型式,岩浆期后热液恰在裂隙张开时充填其中而形成扇状成矿系统;提出“就岩找矿”、“就矿找矿”、“就矿找岩”的地质、地球化学和地球物理标志,指导矿床尺度的勘查工程部署。截至目前,该模型已在广东禾尚田钨锡矿床、广西珊瑚钨锡矿床、广西社垌钨钼矿床、江西盘古山钨铋矿床等获得了验证,找矿成效显著。     

标度律视角的城市效能测度及中国城市多维要素效能分析

"城市标度律"(urban scaling laws)揭示了城市系统中城市人口和城市要素间普遍存在的非线性规模缩放关系,但目前大多数城市评价忽视了这种关系,常使用人均指标比较不同规模的城市,这会导致评价结果偏差.为此,考虑城市人口和城市要素间的非线性规模缩放关系构建了要素效能指数,用以修正城市规模的影响,度量城市要素实...     

晋城煤层气藏成藏机制

通过晋城煤层气的规模开发、压裂煤层气井的解剖、井下煤层瓦斯抽放、构造地应力场研究、煤储层大裂隙系统“CT”式解剖与煤层气封闭保存条件研究, 发现3#煤储层内部存在大量煤层气包, 构造微破裂作用促使煤层气包之间广泛合并联通, 煤层气包内部储层的非均质性弱化, 渗透率增加, 煤层气包内部的游离气体比例增加, 流体压力系统边界逐渐清晰并形成煤层气藏. 揭示煤层气藏的成藏机制, 认识煤层气藏的内部细节特征, 促进了该区的煤层气开发技术进步, 提高了井下煤层瓦斯的抽放效率.      

BDS-3新频点单点定位研究

针对目前有关北斗卫星导航系统(BDS-3)中MEO卫星(BDS-3M)增加的B1C、B2a新频点单点定位研究较少的现状,本文开展了基于新频点B1C、B2a的双频单点定位试验,结合国际GNSS监测评估系统(iGMAS)5个跟踪站连续10 d的数据,对BDS-3的新频点进行数据质量分析、双频伪距单点定位(SPP)和双频静态...     

地理信息数据加工管理辅助系统的开发

目前,地理信息数据加工产业在管理方式方法上,存在着先进的生产力与不先进的管理方式相矛盾的问题.如何有效管理"管理信息流"等诸多管理问题,是一个无法回避和必须解决的课题.本文基于开发实践,介绍系统的技术路线、系统功能、系统特点以及系统数据库的设计.随着本系统的不断推广应用,一定能为地理信息数据加工行业的生产管理开拓新的模式,提供有力的支撑.     

Geological settings and metallogenesis of high-grade iron deposits in China

The predominant types of high-grade iron deposits in China include skarn, sedimentary metamorphic(banded ironformation, BIF-type), continental/submarine volcanic-hosted and magmatic Fe-Ti-Voxide deposits. Based on a comprehensive review of current studies on these deposits, this paper suggests that the oxygen concentration in atmosphere played an important role for the formation of BIFs, whereas the tectonic setting and deep magmatic differentiation processes are more important for the other types. Notably, both high temperature and high pressure experiments and melt inclusion studies indicate that during the differentiation, high temperature magmas could develop iron-rich magma via liquid immiscibility but not pure oxide melt("iron ore magma"). Fe-P melt could be generated directly by liquid immiscibility under hydrous and oxidized condition. The formation of high-grade iron deposits is mostly associated with the processes related to multiple stages of superimposition, e.g., desiliconization and iron enrichment, removal of impurity, and remobilization and re-precipitation of iron. According to the temporal evolution, the high-grade iron deposit could be divided into multi-episode superimposition type(temporally discontinuous mineralization) and multi-stage superimposition type(temporally continuous mineralization). The former is represented by the sedimentary metamorphic iron deposit, and the latter includes those related to magmatic-hydrothermal fluids(e.g., skarn,volcanic-hosted and magmatic types).