四川盆地磨溪地区龙王庙组储层特征、类型及成因分析

利用四川盆地磨溪地区12口井岩心、8口井成像测井资料、14口井的测井评价等资料,系统分析磨溪地区龙王庙组储层特征,划分了储层类型,探讨了储层形成主控因素,预测了优质储层展布。结果表明：1）川中磨溪地区龙王庙组储层主要岩石类型为中粗晶砂屑白云岩,储层中小洞发育,见到大量的构造缝和水平缝,整体表现为中低孔、中-高渗特征;2）龙王庙组储层类型可划分为溶蚀孔洞型、溶蚀孔隙型和基质孔隙型3种类型,其中高角度构造缝、水平缝、网状成岩缝和缝合线4种裂缝与3种储集类型形成整体连通的缝洞体系;3）优质储层主要在中细晶砂屑白云岩颗粒滩相中发育,颗粒滩后期经历3期岩溶作用,特别是表生期“顺层”溶蚀使溶蚀孔、洞型储层横向叠置连片,大面积分布,延伸5～20 km,井间连通性好,形成了孔洞发育的优质储层。     

石英-钨铁矿氧同位素地质温度计及其地质应用研究

通过实验研究,得出了在350—550℃范围内钨铁矿-水的氧同位素分馏的温度关系。结合已有的石英-水氧同位素分馏方程,求出了石英-钨铁矿氧同位素分馏方程。采用Bigeleison-Mayer函数法,计算了石英-钨铁矿氧同位素分馏的温度关系。得出的结果与上述实验结果很一致。最后作者将得到的校准方程用于5个世界知名的钨矿床,结果表明,用石英-钨铁矿对氧同位素分馏算出的温度范围与其它测温结果十分相近。     

青藏高原整体隆升与地壳短缩增厚的物理－力学机制研究（上）

本文综合研究了青藏高原大地构造格局、地壳与地幔结构、地球物理场特征,对青藏高原整体隆升的物理一力学机制,进行了总结,并提出了隆升、地壳短缩和增厚的动力学模式。论文对以下五个问题进行了研究和讨论：第一,青藏高原巨厚的地壳、薄的岩石图结构、不同产状深大断裂以及推覆、切割和碰撞造山带的基本模式;第二,地震活动、断层面解与区域应力场;第三,板块运移与地体拼贴和大陆增生;第四,青藏高原隆升的物理一力学机制分析;第五,青藏高原隆升的地球动力学模式。研究结果表明,南部印度板块向北运移并与欧亚大陆板块碰撞,北部则受古亚洲板块阻隔并向南推移。在长期的碰撞与挤压作用下,造成了高原地区异常的地震活动和应力场,Ｌｇ波能量向南快速衰减和Ｑ值向南递增,水热活动强烈和地壳“南热”、“北冷”及岩石围中“壳热”、“慢冷”的格局。喜马拉雅南、北麓重力未达均衡,高山仍在上升,沿雅鲁藏布江由深部上涌的蛇绿岩套长达１７００ｋｍ,一系列走滑断层的形成和强烈的形变,形成了南界恒河平原北缘、北抵雅鲁藏布江的宽约３００～５００ｋｍ的碰撞挤压过渡带。基于此,青藏高原的隆升和地壳短缩增厚的物理一力学机制为软流圈的拖曳作用,促使印度板块与欧亚板块的碰撞和长期的挤     

工业矿物纤维粉尘的表面特性研究

本文在对比研究了７种工业矿物纤维表面官能团和表面行为的基础上讨论了矿物纤维粉尘对人体的危害性及对环境影响的毒理因素,强调矿物与生物体之间的相互作用要重视矿物表面／细胞物理化学作用,提出矿物纤维表面特征是表征其生物活性的关键因子,如表面活性域等,而纤维性只是矿物表面特性的表征因素之一。     

渣滓溪锑矿带地质特征及控矿因素与找矿

对渣滓溪锑矿带地质地球化学特征研究表明,矿床赋存于元古代火山—沉积岩系中,赋矿地层具有成矿元素高含量、高离散和双峰态分布特征。成矿严格受断裂构造控制,矿脉成群、成组、带状分布,侧伏延深,属中低温热液充填脉状锑矿床。考虑到湖南锑矿找矿现状,该类型矿床应引起重视。     

Sodic metasomatism in a dacite weathering profile in Pinxiang, Guangxi, China

The Pinxiang weathering profile is well developed on Early Triassic dacite lavas of the Baisi Formation. At the top of the profile is developed a red clay zone which is characterized mineralogically by kaolinite, iron oxide minerals, quartz, and a small amount of illite, montmorillonite and vermiculite. In going downwards the red clay zone gives way to a saprolite zone in which plagioclase pseudomorphs have been well preserved although replaced by kaolinite. Beneath the saprolite zone is the saprock zone characterized by less weathering for dacite. At the bottom of the weathering profile is the parent material, dacite, which is composed mainly of plagioclase, quartz, K-feldspar and biotite which have been largely altered into chlorite owing to submarine extrusion of dacite lavas. Some layers in the weathering profile show obvious sodium enrichment and potassium depletion relative to others. In the Al2O3-(CaO* Na2O)-K2O triangular diagram, the weathering trends of these layers in the middle stage are remarkably deviated from normal ones. Both mineralogy and micro-morphology of these layers indicate such deviation resulted from sodic metasomatism of orthoclase.     

商丹三角地区花岗伟晶岩型铀矿成矿环境研究及远景评价

花岗伟晶岩型铀矿是目前发现的一种新类型铀矿。这种矿床的晶质铀矿是从花岗岩浆分异出来的富铀岩浆中结晶而成的。下元古界秦岭群是成矿有利环境,韧性剪切带是控岩控矿的主要构造。这种类型铀矿在商丹三角地区的远景是可观的。     

中国东部晚元古代—三叠纪古板块的运动学研究

本文在认真选择现有的、比较可靠的古地磁资料基础之上,综合构造变形、沉积古地理、岩浆活动与变质作用的资料,再造了中国东部各板块自晚元古代(晨旦纪)到三叠纪的古构造图。晋宁事件以后直到古生代的整个时期,华南各板块与中朝板块张裂分离,保持相当的距离并在中、低纬度地带不断迁移,形成各具特色的构造演化史。三叠世末期,临沧、保山地体拼合到扬子板块的西侧,湘桂板块可能插入南华板块;中三叠世末期南华板块与扬子板块拼合,并使它们发生普遍的褶皱;晚三叠世末期,扬子板块才与中朝板块拼合,中国东部各板块联成一体,使构造格架基本定型。     

Strontium Isotope Composition and Characteristic Analysis of Cambrian-Ordovician Carbonate in the Region of Tazhong, Tarim Basin

The Tarim basin, which is located in the Xin-jiang Autonomous Region in western China , is alarge-scale superi mposed basin situated between theTianshan Mountains to the north and the KunlunMountains to the south, with an area of 560 000km2. The Tazhong uplift ,locatedin the central partof the basin, has an area of 30 000 km2.It is sur-rounded by the Manjiaer depressionin the north,theTangguzibasi depressionin the south,the Bachu up-lift inthe west andthe Tadong saginthe east .It hasbeco…     

Silicon isotope compositions of dissolved silicon and suspended matter in the Yangtze River, China

Silicon isotope compositions of main channel samples of the Yangtze River were systematically investigated along with their chemical compositions. The concentration of suspended matter in the Yangtze River tends to decrease from the upper reaches to the lower reaches, corresponding to settling of the sediments in the lakes and reservoirs due to reduction of the velocity of water flow. The silica contents of suspended matter vary from 52.1% to 56.9% and their δ³⁰Si values vary from 0 to −0.7‰, both similar to those of shales. From the upper to lower reaches, the silica contents of suspended matter tend to increase, whilst their δ³⁰Si values tend to decrease. Both trends reflect the increase of clay minerals and decrease of carbonates in suspended matter.The concentrations of dissolved silicon vary from 97 to 121 μmol/L and their δ³⁰Si values vary over a wide range from 0.7 to 3.4‰. From the upper to lower reaches, dissolved silica concentrations tend to decrease and their δ³⁰Si values tend to increase. These trends mainly reflect the change of chemical and isotopic characteristics of the tributaries from the upper to lower reaches. The major factors responsible for these changes may be the high meteoric precipitation and significant silicon absorption by grass (in wetlands) and rice (in paddy fields) in drainage areas of the middle and lower reaches.There is no correlation between δ³⁰Si of dissolved silicon and that of suspended matter. The Δ³⁰Si_Diss-SPM values vary over a wide range of 1.0-3.7‰, indicating that (1) they are out of isotopic equilibrium, (2) dissolved silicon and the associated suspended matter do not belong to one physico-chemical system, and (3) isotopic exchange rate between them is very slow.The δ³⁰Si value of dissolved silicon output from the Yangtze River to the East Sea is estimated to be 3.0‰, much higher than the values reported for the Amazon and Congo rivers. This increases the δ³⁰Si range of dissolved silicon in the world’s rivers from 0.4-1.2%; to 0.4-3.4%.