太湖表层沉积物多环芳烃的空间分布、来源及其风险

随着太湖流域社会与经济的发展,多环芳烃(PAHs)在各种环境介质中逐渐累积,污染日益严重,可能对太湖生态环境及周边人体健康构成威胁。为探究太湖沉积物PAHs的来源及生态风险,于2021年12月在太湖采集30个表层沉积物样品,利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)检测样品中16种PAHs含量;利用受体模型和苯并[a]芘(BaP)毒性当量法进行来源解析及生态风险评估,并将各来源贡献与毒性当量浓度相结合,量化源风险。结果表明,太湖表层沉积物中16种PAHs总含量介于124~592 ng/g之间,平均值为294 ng/g,中值为279 ng/g;高环多环芳烃(HMW PAHs)为主要组分,占∑PAHs的67%。高含量区域位于竺山湾、梅梁湾、贡湖湾和西太湖,与国内外其他湖泊沉积物相比,太湖沉积物PAHs含量处于较低水平。源解析的结果表明,太湖表层沉积物中PAHs交通排放源贡献率为29.1%、煤炭燃烧源贡献率为26.7%、生物质燃烧源贡献率为28.7%、石油源贡献率为15.6%。生态风险评价结果表明,交通排放源、生物质燃烧源、煤炭燃烧源和石油源的BaP毒性当量含量(TEQ_BaP)均值分别为19.34、17.81、16.33和9.1 ng/g,均小于70 ng/g,几乎处于无风险水平。西太湖、贡湖湾和梅梁湾的部分区域ΣTEQ_BaP大于70 ng/g属于潜在风险区,具有一定潜在毒性。在后续的污染治理中应重点关注太湖西北部地区污染物的排放。本研究可为沉积物中PAHs污染的研究提供数据支撑,为地方政府精准、高效地管控PAHs污染提供理论依据。     

台阶式沉井等效墩宽计算方法探究

桥梁工程中存在形状各异的桥墩,在研究不同截面桥墩的局部冲刷特性时,桥墩尺寸的定量描述非常重要。以台阶式沉井结构为研究对象,梳理并分析了国内外相关等效桥墩宽度计算方法,发现各类公式本质上为计算不同条件下的桥墩平均阻水宽度。开展了台阶式沉井局部冲刷试验研究,基于试验数据对比分析了各类等效墩宽计算方法的计算结果,发现Melville和Raudkivi的等效墩宽计算公式能够较好地估算考虑动床条件下台阶式沉井的平均阻水宽度;进一步收集了国内外193组台阶式沉井类结构的局部冲刷试验数据,数据集统计分析结果显示Melville和Randkivi的等效墩宽计算公式能够较为准确且保守地量化大多数台阶式沉井类结构的截面非均匀性;最后基于数据集冲深墩宽比统计结果对该公式近似方法的合理性进行了讨论。     

辽宁锦州市地质遗迹资源禀赋及保护性利用

地质遗迹资源是提高人类当前和将来生活质量最珍贵的、不可再生的自然遗产,其保护、利用与管理是地质遗迹可持续性发展的前提和基础。辽宁省锦州市地跨燕山余脉和辽西中生代盆地,长期的地质演化留下了丰富的地质遗迹资源,其中尤以典型地层剖面、古生物化石、花岗岩地貌、河流地貌景观和海岸线最具特色,典型地质遗迹特征是对重要地质事件与人类活动历史的响应。通过锦州地质遗迹资源专项调查,从遗迹特征、成因等角度,将锦州市地质遗迹资源分为两大类、七小类、十一亚类,共计238处,整体上类型多样、内涵独特、分布范围广。然而,由于基础数据不清、保护意识淡薄、投入资金有限、管理机制不健全等原因,锦州市内的地质遗迹正遭受或面临严重破坏。针对锦州市"山、海、城"旅游产业空间布局、打造精品旅游目的地、宜居城市、生态文明、乡村振兴建设与地质遗迹保护性利用中存在的问题,建立地质遗迹资源保护名录、科普基地、特色风景廊道、风景旅游区、特色小镇及地质文化村,形成多层次、多样化的保护性利用路径。     

Expression of putative zinc-finger protein lcn61 gene in lymphocystis disease virus China （LCDV-cn） genome

An open reading frame (lcn61) of lymphocystis disease virus China (LCDV-cn), probably responsible for encoding putative zinc-finger proteins was amplified and inserted into pET24a (+) vector. Then it expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3), and His-tag fusion protein of high yield was obtained. It was found that the fusion protein existed in E. coli mainly as inclusion bodies. The bioinformatics analysis indicates that LCN61 is C2H2 type zinc-finger protein containing four C2H2 zinc-finger motifs. This work provides a theory for functional research of lcn61 gene. Supported by High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program, No. 2006AA100309)     

泌阳凹陷毕店地区油藏特征浅析

泌阳凹陷毕店地区经过三十多年的勘探,一直没有取得实质性的突破。2005年以来对该区三维地震资料重新处理与解释攻关,基本具备了精细勘探的物质基础。毕店地区主体已发现的油气藏类型以断层+岩性油气藏为主。通过应用系统的研究思路,以现代石油地质理论为指导,初步探讨毕店地区油藏分布特征与油气成藏的控制作用。     

地磁场能量在地球内部的分布及其长期变化

用国际参考地磁场模型(IGRF)分析了地磁场能量在地球内部的分布及其长期变化.结果表明,从1900年到2005年,地核以外地磁场总能量由6.818×1018J减少到6.594×1018J,减小了3.3%,地表以外地磁场总能量由8.658×101J减小到.63×101J,减小了11.4%.分析地球内部不同圈层地磁场能量的变化表明,地壳(A层)、上地幔(B层)、转换带(C层)、下地幔D′层的地磁场总能量在减小,但是下地幔"层的地磁场总能量却在快速增加.磁能密度随时间的变化更清楚地显示出磁能增加和减小的分界面在r=3840km处.上述结果表明,地核和地表以外地磁场总能量在趋势性减小的同时,也在进行重新分配.进一步分析表明,下地幔D"层磁能快速增长,主要是由高阶磁多极子的增强引起的.在地磁场倒转前,偶极矩减小而多极性相对增强在能量分布上的表现就是磁能向下地幔底部(特别是D"层)集中.     

Analysis of spatial clustering optimization

Spatial clustering is widely used in many fields such as WSN (Wireless Sensor Networks), web clustering, remote sensing and so on for discovery groups and to identify interesting distributions in the underlying database. By discussing the relationships between the optimal clustering and the initial seeds, a clustering validity index and the principle of seeking initial seeds were proposed, and on this principle we recommend an initial seed-seeking strategy: SSPG (Single-Shortest-Path Graph). With SSPG strategy used in clustering algorithms, we find that the result of clustering is optimized with more probability. At the end of the paper, according to the combinational theory of optimization, a method is proposed to obtain optimal reference k value of cluster number, and is proven to be efficient.     

Climatic and geographic factors affect ecosystem multifunctionality through biodiversity in the Tibetan alpine grasslands

Ecosystem multifunctionality(EMF), the simultaneous provision of multiple ecosystem functions, is often affected by biodiversity and environmental factors. We know little about how the interactions between biodiversity and environmental factors affect EMF. In this case study, a structural equation model was used to clarify climatic and geographic pathways that affect EMF by varying biodiversity in the Tibetan alpine grasslands. In addition to services related to carbon, nitrogen, and water cycling, forage supply, which is related to plantproductivity and palatability, was included in the EMF index. The results showed that 72% of the variation in EMF could be explained by biodiversity and other environmental factors. The ratio of palatable richness to all species richness explained 8.3% of the EMF variation. We found that air temperature, elevation, and latitude all affected EMF, but in different ways. Air temperature and elevation impacted the aboveground parts of the ecosystem, which included plant height, aboveground biomass, richness of palatable species, and ratio of palatable richness to all species richness. Latitude affected EMF by varying both aboveground and belowground parts of the ecosystem, which included palatable speciesrichness and belowground biomass. Our results indicated that there are still uncertainties in the biodiversity–EMF relationships related to the variable components of EMF, and climatic and geographic factors. Clarification of pathways that affect EMF using structural equation modeling techniques could elucidate the mechanisms by which environmental changes affect EMF.     

A DIAGNOSTIC ANALYSIS OF AIR TEMPERATURE ANOMALY MODE OVER CHINA IN 2009/2010 WINTER BASED ON GENERALIZED EQUILIBRIUM FEEDBACK ASSESSMENT (GEFA) METHOD

By using the observed monthly mean data over 160 stations of China and NCAR/NCEP reanalysis data, the generalized equilibrium feedback assessment(GEFA) method, combined with the methods of EOF analysis, correlation and composite analysis, is used to explore the influence of different SST modes on a wintertime air temperature pattern in which it is cold in the northeast and warm in the southwest in China. The results show that the 2009/2010 winter air temperature oscillation mode between the northern and southern part of China is closely related to the corresponding sea surface temperature anomalies(SSTA) and its associated atmospheric circulation anomalies. Exhibiting warming in Northeast China and cooling in Southwest China, the mode is significantly forced by the El Nio mode and the North Atlantic SSTA mode, which have three poles. Under the influence of SSTA modes, the surface northerly flow transported cold air to North and Northeast China, resulting in low temperatures in the regions. Meanwhile, the mid-latitude westerlies intensify and the polar cold air stays in high latitudes and cannot affect the Southwest China, resulting in the warming there.     

计算机互联网上时间传递的一种设计方案

目前,国内外时间传递方式主要有长波授时、短波地、电话授时、双星比对、ＧＰＳ时间信息等。信息产业的不断发展,使得互联网络已成为一种新的信息传递手段和资源共享方式 。通过计算机网络传输标准时间、频率将是授时领域的新课题,也是时间同步的新手段。讨论了计算机互联网上时间传递的一种设计方案,给出利用计算机网络系统实现标准时间的传递的具体方法,并介绍一种计算机互联网时间传递软件的使用方法等。