浮游植物生物量研究 Ⅰ.浮游植物生物量细胞体积转化法

在海洋生态动力学研究过程中,采用浮游植物细胞数量来估算浮游植物丰度可以说是不够精确的,因为不同种的浮游植物细胞大小差别很大,只有浮游植物的生物量才能正确反映海洋生态系中的能量分布．本文以拟合浮游植物细胞相似体积方法,基于胶州湾生态动力学研究所获资料,计算了87种中国近海常见浮游植物的细胞体积、鲜重、碳含量、氮含量．     

热带太平洋海平面高度季节内振荡的空间分布特征

根据三年卫星高度计（ＴＯＰＥＸ／ＰＯＳＥＩＤＯＮ）资料和涡分辨率的海洋环流（ＰＯＰ）模式模拟计算的海平面高度资料,利用功率谱和最大熵谱的方法,揭示了热带太平洋海平面高度季节内振荡的空间分布特征。研究表明：准３０ｄ 周期的振荡集中出现在东太平洋（１６０°Ｗ 以东）赤道两侧,分别以５°Ｓ和５°Ｎ 为中心的纬向带状域中;准９０ｄ 振荡出现在分别以２０°Ｓ和２０°Ｎ为中心的南北二个纬向带状域中,北太平洋西部振荡最明显;准６０ｄ 振荡集中出现在分别以１０°Ｎ和１０°Ｓ为中心的带状海域中,北太平洋比南太平洋更明显,但比准９０ｄ 振荡信号弱;从ＴＯＰＥＸ资料分析还发现在赤道中太平洋（５°Ｎ～５°Ｓ,１７０°Ｗ～１２０°Ｗ）,准６０ｄ 振荡也较明显     

Deriving regional vertical fluid migration rates offshore southwestern Taiwan using bottom-simulating reflectors

Fluid migration rates are important parameters for understanding the structural characteristics and evolution of the crustal tectonics and hydrocarbon exploration. However, they are difficult to measure on the seafloor. Densely sampled temperature measurements might shed light on our study of the fluid migration rates. In this study, we first use reflection seismic data to derive geothermal gradient patterns at different sub-seafloor depths, then calculated 1D vertical fluid flow models by analyzing the Péclet numbers in the offshore regions of SW Taiwan. We found Péclet numbers ranging from 2 to 5, implying that vertical fluid flow velocities are between 6 and 44 cm/year. Assumed a homogenous permeable layer and no lateral variation of the temperature fields, we analyzed possible errors caused by depth-dependent thermal conductivity and velocity-depth function. They probably cause less than 2 cm/year of errors in the estimated vertical fluid flow rate. In terms of regional fluid flow patterns, we found higher fluid flow rates near the toe of the trench, and a dramatic increase in fluid flow rate when the continental slope of the Chinese passive margin enters into the trench, and reduced fluid flow rates in the hinterland. We propose that this is a new and potentially useful method to derive regional fluid flow rate models for studying geochemical and biological processes in shallow seafloor sediments and the regional hydrological budget.     

A case study: travel time inversion for P-wave velocity using OBS data of South China Sea

It is very important for converting the seismic data from the time domain to the depth domain. Here we discuss the approaches of inverse modeling of travel times for determination of the P-wave velocity (Vp). The migration section of the single channel seismic data is used to define the model horizons and help to control their geometry. Wide angle hydrophone data of OBS are used to determine P-wave travel times. The picked travel times from various shots are inverted for P-wave interval velocities using RayInvr, which calculated theoretical travel times via ray tracing. Damped least squares optimization is performed to fine tune the fits between observed and calculated travel times. In the end, the Vp curve is achieved and the results are compared with that derived from the conventional hyperbolic curve velocity analysis method, the shape of the two curves are similar, and the velocity increases in the layer where gas hydrates are present.     

波速线性变化介质中地震波传播特征

根据变速介质中地震波传播所满足的变系数波动方程,推导出波速线性变化介质中一维波动方程的解析解,讨论了波速不均匀性对地震波传播的影响：地震波振幅衰减大小与介质速度梯度有关;频率转折点两侧地震波传播性质;频率与地震波波速关系。     

厦门同安西柯对虾养殖池的细菌数量动态

本文研究了对虾养成期间养殖池生态系中细菌的数量动态,探讨其变化规律与虾病的关系。结果表明,总细菌、弧菌和发光细菌在水体、底质和虾体中的数量变化各异。在水体各菌数与其环境因子的关系中,除了总菌数与COD存在着正相关外,其它的不存在相关性。虾体的总细菌、弧菌和发光细菌的数量（以细胞计）可以用来预报虾病,三者的阅值分别为107个　／g（湿重）、105个／g（湿重）和104介／g（湿重）。通过对对虾的细菌学跟踪监测,可以及时采取有效的应急防治措施。     

The Kuroshio East of Taiwan and in the East China Sea and the currents East of Ryukyu Islands during early summer of 1996

Using hydrographic data and moored current meter records and the ADCP observed current data during May–June 1996, a modified inverse method is applied to calculate the Kuroshio east of Taiwan and in the East China Sea and the currents east of Ryukyu Islands. There are three branches of the Kuroshio east of Taiwan. The Kuroshio in the East China Sea comes from the main (first) and second branches of the Kuroshio east of Taiwan. The easternmost (third) branch of the Kuroshio flows northeastward to the region east of Ryukyu Islands. The net northward volume transports of the Kuroshio through Section K₂ southeast of Taiwan and Section PN in the East China Sea are 44.4×10⁶ and 27.2×10⁶ m³s⁻¹, respectively. The western boundary current east of Ryukyu Islands comes from the easternmost branch of the Kuroshio east of Taiwan and an anticyclonic recirculating gyre more east, making volume transports of 10 to 15×10⁶ m³s⁻¹. At about 21°N, 127°E southeast of Taiwan, there is a cold eddy which causes branching of the Kuroshio there.     

沉积物中重金属的归一化问题——以Al为例

沉积物的来源、粒度和矿物组成是影响重金属在动力沉积过程中的行为的最显著的因素,用某些参考元素（如Ａｌ、Ｌｉ等）归一化的目的是为了减小沉积物中重金属含量的波动,以揭示人文活动（例如污染）的影响。通过对国内一些河流沉积物中重金属的Ａｌ归一化结果的分析,认为在岩石的风化和变质过程中元素与Ａｌ的相对迁移能力的差异和各种生物过程均可使重金属的Ａｌ归一化值产生显著的变化,在某些情况下Ｍ／Ａｌ值并不一定能准确地描述人类活动对沉积物中重金属的影响。Ａｌ归一化仅能部分地校正粒度分布引起的重金属含量的变化,但不能消除矿物组成的影响。     

南沙群岛珊瑚礁地貌图像信息管理系统

运用面向对象的软件开发技术,结合珊瑚礁地貌学、计算机图像学和计算机信息管理技术,在Windows平台上研制开发出南沙群岛珊瑚礁地貌图像信息管理系统。该系统集文件管理、数据库管理和图形、图像管理于一体,具有信息检索输出、信息编辑和信息维护等功能,以图形用户介面交互,达到"所见即所得"的效果。     

Effect of upward internal flow on dynamics of riser model subject to shear current

Numerical study about vortex-induced vibration(VIV) related to a flexible riser model in consideration of internal flow progressing inside has been performed.The main objective of this work is to investigate the coupled fluid-structure interaction(FSI) taking place between tensioned riser model,external shear current and upward-progressing internal flow(from ocean bottom to surface).A CAE technology behind the current research which combines structural software with the CFD technology has been proposed.According to the result from dynamic analysis,it has been found that the existence of upward-progressing internal flow does play an important role in determining the vibration mode(/dominant frequency),vibration intensity and the magnitude of instantaneous vibration amplitude,when the velocity ratio of internal flow against external current is relatively high.As a rule,the larger the velocity of internal flow is,the more it contributes to the dynamic vibration response of the flexible riser model.In addition,multi-modal vibration phenomenon has been widely observed,for asymmetric curvature along the riser span emerges in the case of external shear current being imposed.