矿产预测专家系统及其在新疆铜—镍硫化物矿床中的应用

系统地使用综合地质，地球物理、地球化学信息预测深部岩浆铜－镍硫化物矿床的找矿预测专家系统，已在新疆哈密地区香山岩体上就用并取得明显效果，设计的两个验证钻孔都已打到矿体。     

THE IMPACTS OF GLOBAL CHANGE ON DESERTIFICATION IN CHINA

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Dynamic Mechanism of Migmatization in the Dabie Complex, Northeastern Hubei, China

On the basis of the detailed field work, compositions and contents of plagioclase and K - feldspar,determination of ordering degree, statistical analysis of plagioclase elongation index, mass-balance calculation and mineral spatial distribution and geochemistry, it is concluded that the migmatites in the Dabie complex are characterized by the presence of thermocenters. There are regular changes in mineral character in the migmatites from the centers outwards. The dominant genetic mechanism is anatexis and metasomatism, whose intensities decrease from the centers outwards. Finally, according to the simulated experiment on Liesegang' s rings and non-linear dynamics (dissipative structure theory), the dynamic mechanism of migmatization is profoundly expouded as consisting of the early-stage metasomatism induced by the thermal anomaly, the cardinal-stage anatexis induced by the early-stage matasomatism and finally the last-stage post-anatexis metasomatism.     

Evolution of Sedimentation and Tectonics of the Youjiang Composite Basin, South China

Located at the southern margin of the South China plate, the Youjiang basin is a closely related to the NW- and NE-trending syndepositional faults in respect to the configuration and structure of the basin. The evolution of the Youjiang basin progressed through two stages. In the Hercynian period, the opening of the Ailaoshan-Honghe ocean basin gave rise to a number of NW-trending rift belts in the Youjiang area. During this period, deep-water sediments were dominant and the basin was possesed of the characteristics of the rift system of passive continental margins. In the early Indosinian after the Dongwu movement, the circum - Pacific tectonism led to a major change in the configuration and structure of the basin. In the meantime, the Ailaoshan ocean basin began to be subducted towards the northeast, thus causing the basin to be split and expand again, and then the basin developed into the stage of the back -arc basin. At the end of the Indosinian period, the basin gradually closed from east to west,     

华北地区主要地震带中强震潜在危险性估计

从华北地区五条主要地震带上的中强地震资料人手,结合对各地震带上地震定向迁移规律已有认识,对各地震带带内未来5-20年内中强地震活动危险性及带内不同地段地震迁移概率进行了定量估计。震例检验结果表明,文中所用的对地震带发生中强地震的危险性计算、危险性排序和对各带带内地震迁移场所有概率估计方法具有较好的预测效果,预测结论可以作为未来华北地区中长期强震形势估计的参考依据。     

Qinling-Type Lead-Zinc Deposits

Qinling-type Pb-Zn deposits are located in the Qinling fold belt, occurring in the fine-clastic and carbonate rocks of the Devonian marine facies. They are reformed sedimentary deposits originating from hydrothermal waters, and may be subdivided into 2 subtypes: hydrothermal sedimentary deposits (Changba subtype) and reformed hydrothermal sedimentary deposits (Bijiashan-Qiandongshan subtype). In comparison with some of the famous Palaeozoic Pb-Zn deposits in the world, the Qinling-type Pb-Zn deposits constitute an independent type, which possesses some characteristics of both hydrothermal sedimentary deposits (Meggen type) and reformed hydrothermal deposits (Mississippi Valley type).     

ADVANCES IN SECOND-ORDER CALIBRATION

Several multivariate methods are now available for the calibration of second-order or hyphenatedinstruments(e.g.GC/MS).When applied to bilinear data,it has been shown that calibration can beperformed in the presence of unknown interferences-a significant advantage over first-order calibration.In this paper,non-bilinear rank annihilation(NBRA),a method which has the potential of handling,second-order non-bi-linear data,is studied through theoretical analysis and computer simulation.It isfound that the second-order advantage can be carried over to non-bilinear data if a property defined asnet analyte rank(NAR)holds for the analyte of interest.The net analyte signal(NAS)is definedaccordingly for second-order calibration and the analogy to and difference from lower-order calibrationare discussed.With NAS,some analytical figures of merit such as signal-to noise ratio,selectivity,sensitivity and limit of determination can be calculated for second order calibration.An application toMS/MS data is also given.     

陕西略阳五花石的矿物学研究

陕西略阳白水江所产五花石是一种石雕原料,其矿物成分以高岭石为主,并含有少量或极少量的褐铁矿、赤铁矿、重晶石、明矾石、三水铝右、炭质等。本文提供了高岭石的湿化学分析、X射线粉晶衍射、差热分析、红外吸收光谱、电子显微镜分析等多种方法测试的数据,证明它是属于有序度高、结晶良好的高岭石,可与苏州高岭石相比。由于成矿地质环境的特殊性,该五花石属硬质粘土,无天然塑性,质地坚硬、细腻,雕刻性能良好,是粘土类矿物所组成的别具风格的天然工艺石雕原料。     

多轴压缩下破裂前的声发射特征(英文)

本文叙述大理岩岩样在双轴、三轴压缩至断裂时的声发射变化特征。在一定的加载速率时,若岩样屈服并在出现前兆应力降后产生突发断裂,声发射率随应变的衰减系数h_ε,在主断裂前呈现平稳—下降—回升趋势变化,而声发射事件总数随应变的增长系数h_1、h_2都呈现平稳—上升—回降趋势变化。声发射率,n也呈现平稳—上升—回降趋势变化。而当岩样屈服,并在出现前兆应力降后产生蠕滑断裂,h_εh_2依然与前述变化相同。而h_1,和声发射率n则为平稳—上升而后保持在高(水平)值上并不回降,并且初步论述了O_3,方向压机刚度在大于某一定值时,发生蠕滑断裂,在小于某一定值时,才发生突发断裂。这就为利用地震频度的变化预报地震提供了一种可能的物理依据。     

A Survey of the Hydrogeochemical Observation Network for Earthquake Prediction in China

The hydrogeochemical observation station network for earthquake prediction in China is discussed in detail in this paper.It includes the following:a)the process of station network establishment and the principle of network deployment;b)the characteristics of hydrogeochemical observation points' deployment and the conditions and types of these points;c)items and instruments of seismo-hydrogeochemical observation,etc.In addition,the monitoring capacity and prediction efficiency of the network are also discussed.