高村井水位潮汐参数的动态特征及其对大同地震的前兆响应

介绍了高村（京１４）井１９８３－１９９０年的观测结果，分析该井水位及潮汐参数的动态特征、气压对观测结果的影响，讨论了Ｍ２波潮汐因子对１９８９年大同地震的前兆响应。     

黄海南部野生银鲳和鮸鱼的耳石元素微化学研究

利用电子显微探针元素分析技术(EPMA)对黄海南部野生银鲳和鮸鱼的耳石进行了锶和钙沉积特征的初步分析。定量线分析结果表明,两种鱼类耳石的Sr/Ca之间存在显著的种间差异。银鲳耳石Sr/Ca比,在耳石核心及相邻处为低值区(5.86±0.92);3段Sr/Ca高值区分别为近核心部(7.88±1.28)、第1龄处(9.44±1.82)及耳石边缘(7.91±1.38);揭示银鲳孵化和早期发育应需要盐度适中的生境,当龄鱼在后期的生长中需洄游经过两段高盐生境(其中之一在第1龄时)。鮸鱼耳石Sr/Ca比波动表现为耳石核心处(7.72±0.97)高于其余部分,反映了鮸鱼孵化及初期发育阶段可能生活在高盐度生境,而当龄鱼随后阶段的生长和发育过程则会洄游至盐度有所降低的生境中进行。     

区域震相强度比—岩石层热状态的有效指示

本文根据白家疃台６０年代以来的短周期地震记录图，分析了区域震相的强度比。研究表明：Ｓｎ／Ｌｇ波的强度比波传播路径上岩石层热结构、热状态及强地震活动等均有相关性，并就这种相关性对于强地震成因及其预测研究的直接意义进行了讨论。     

Characteristics and uranium mineralization of ore-bearing rock series in Qianjiadian sandstone-type uranium deposits,Songliao Basin

The Qianjiadian sandstone-type uranium deposit in Songliao Basin has become an ultra-large uranium deposit since its exploration and continuous development. The geological and metallogenic characteristics of this area have been studied widely since its discovery,but the detailed petrological features of its ore-bearing construction and favorable metallogenic conditions still require much detailed research. The mineralization of urnium deposit includes various geological processes resulting in the accumulation of uranium element. The source rock with high uranium concentration and much easier for the leaching of uranium is the basis of uranium mineralization. The later oxidation-reduction,mineral alteration are the key for the uranium deposits. In this paper,the petrological characteristic of lithology sandstone-type uranium deposit is studied by using the micro experimental analysis. It is found that the host rocks are primarily composed of medium-fine grained feldspar lithic sandstone,fine grained feldspar lithic sandstone,boulder-clay-bearing sandstone and glutenin. The amount of quartz and feldspar are close to the rock debris. The debris are mainly composed of rhyolite,rhyolitic tuff,and some trochyte,ayenite-aplite,granite,granite porphyry,andesite,silicalite and mudstone etc. the epigenetic alteration includes the carbonatization and kaolinization is general and intense at the local region,followed by the secondary epigenetic alteration includes pyritization,ferrugination and little baratization. Deep oil and gas infiltrate into the oil-bearing strata causing the oil stains,spots and spillage. The symbiosis of pyrite berry globule and micritic pyrite are common. The uranium element exists in the uranium-bearing minerals(e.g.,asphalt and coffinite)as well as the adsorbed state. The multi-genesis and multi-stages of the metallogenic model is established,i.e.,sedimentary preconcentration stage-interlayer infiltration stage-the oil and gas transformation stage-the oil and gas reduction stage.     

海带病烂发生过程中的生理生化变化研究(Ⅱ)--PAL,PPO和多酚的变化

为进一步研究海带自然病烂过程中生理生化的变化,引入了高等植物抗病研究中常用的3个指标：苯丙氨酸转氨酶(phenylalanina ammonia—lyse,PAL)、多酚氧化酶(polyphenol oxidase,PPO)和多酚。在实验生态条件下,对三者在海带病烂过程中的变化进行了研究,结果表明,在海带幼苗由健康到病烂的过程中,海带PAL活性总体表现为下降趋势;PPO活性先升高后降低;多酚含量为下降趋势。经相关性分析,PAL与多酚相关性不显著,而PPO与多酚显著负相关(r=-0．619,p=0．014)。结合前期工作认为,SOD和PPO的联合表现可作为指示海带病烂发生的生物学指标。     

Investigating the effect of soil models on deformations caused by braced excavations through an inverse-analysis technique

In this study, a series of inverse-analysis numerical experiments was performed to investigate the effect of soil models on the deformations caused by excavation by using the finite element method. The nonlinear optimization technique that was incorporated into the finite element code was used for the inverse-analysis numerical experiments. Three soil models (the hyperbolic model, pseudo-plasticity model, and modified pseudo-plasticity model) were employed in the intended numerical experiments on a well-documented excavation case history. The results indicate that wall deflection due to excavation can be accurately back-figured by each of the three soil models, while the ground surface settlement can be reasonably optimized only by the pseudo-plasticity model and the modified pseudo-plasticity model. Importantly, the modified pseudo-plasticity model can yield more reasonable simulations when the wall deflection and the ground surface settlement are simultaneously back-figured. The results show that selection of an adequate soil model that is capable of adequately describing the stress–strain-strength characteristics of the soils is essentially crucial when predicting the excavation-induced ground response.     

用三通道合成彩色图像进行云的分类解释判读

为更好地利用FY-3A气象卫星上中分辨率光谱成像仪 (MERSI) 资料高空间分辨率及多光谱的优势,细致分析云系在宏、微观方面的多重特征,首先利用平面平行辐射传输模式 (SBDART) 证明了MERSI的0.65,1.6 μm和11.25 μm通道能够分别反映云光学厚度、云粒子大小、云顶高度的信息,然后采用三通道合成彩色图像的方法,对FY-3A气象卫星云图进行云的分类解释判读。该技术可直观区分有云区、无云区,显示海陆分界,并且使不同云类在云图上体现为不同颜色。同时,FY-3A气象卫星高达1000 m甚至250 m的空间分辨率也使云的细致结构更为清晰,两项优势的叠加,大大提升了云的分类解释判读的准确程度和精细化水平。文中还尝试寻找典型云系的三通道特征值,以期为模糊C均值聚类 (FCM) 方法中聚类中心的选定提供经验值参考。     

U–Pb dating of zircon and cassiterite from the Early Cretaceous Jiaojiguan iron-tin polymetallic deposit,implications for magmatism and metallogeny of the Tengchong area,western Yunnan,China

The newly discovered Jiaojiguan deposit, a medium-scale skarn iron-tin polymetallic deposit on the Sino-Burma boundary of Yunnan Province (SW China), is spatially associated with the biotite monzonitic granite. Here, we report new in situ zircon LA-MC-ICP-MS U–Pb ages, trace element and Hf isotope data from the granite, and U–Pb dating ages of cassiterite from the ore bodies. In this study, we obtain a weighted mean ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U age of 124.1 ± 1.4 Ma for the zircon and a ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb-²³⁸U/²⁰⁶Pb intercept age of 123.8 ± 2.2 Ma for the cassiterite. The granite crystallized during the Early Cretaceous, with zircons exhibiting εHf(t) values from ?5.8 to ?0.6 and two-stage Hf model ages (T_DM2) of 1.21–1.54 Ga. The close temporal and spatial links between pluton emplacement and ore-forming events suggest that magmatic-hydrothermal events were the key factors that triggered the genesis of the iron-tin polymetallic deposits in the area. Regional geochronological data show that tin mineralization took place three times during the Cretaceous–Palaeogene in the Tengchong block due to re-melting of the underlying supposed Proterozoic (1.5 ± 0.5 Ga) Sn-rich strata/materials. Compared with those in the Bangong–Nujiang metallogenic belt (BNMB), we propose that the Cretaceous iron-tin polymetallic mineralization events in Tengchong–Baoshan closely resemble those of the Bangong–Nujiang belt in northern Tibet, both of which have experienced similar tectono-magmatic-metallogenic histories since the Mesozoic.     

Improving groundwater-flow modeling using optimal zoning methods

Hydraulic conductivity sometimes exhibits complicated spatial variation over a site. A thorough understanding of the spatial distributions of hydraulic conductivity helps to make deterministic models of groundwater more accurate. This study presents a novel procedure that combines simulated annealing algorithms (SA) and the shortest distance method (SD) with the modular three-dimensional groundwater flow model (MODFLOW). The procedure is applied to a hypothetical site with groundwater-monitoring wells to minimize the difference between simulated and observed hydraulic head for optimal zoning of the spatial distribution of hydraulic conductivity. The results of this optimal zoning method indicate that this new procedure not only improves the efficiency of optimization, but also increases the probability of finding the global optimum, minimizing the errors of the hydraulic head simulated by MODFLOW in two scenarios, one with known and the other with unknown hydraulic conductivity. The results also illustrated that the procedure can effectively determine and delineate hydrogeological zones.     

模糊聚类分析及其地质应用实例

摘要聚类分析直接利用相似矩阵或相关矩阵来分类,但它们本身存在矛盾,分类时也会出现矛盾。为消除这个矛盾,可采用模糊聚类分析。它的特点是,通过相似矩阵连续自乘,改造成模糊分类矩阵,随后按不同要求进行分类。本文旨在介绍模糊聚类分析的步骤和方法,并提供一个PC—1500袖珍机模糊聚类分析源程序。附两个算例。