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491.
长江上游水资源耦合系统优化调控涉及供水、发电和生态需水等相互竞争、不可公度的调控目标。其供水-发电-环境互馈协变机制难以数学解析和刻画,多维目标效益均衡优化调控难以实施。为此,以多目标优化、运筹学理论及方法为基础,提出了基于梯度分析法的供水-发电-环境两两互馈关系研究方法。通过多目标约束优化方法求解长江上游水库群联合优化调度在供水-发电-环境目标空间的最优解集,并进行插值构造了供水-发电-环境互馈关系多维空间曲面,以此为基础,采用一阶差分近似求解供水对环境和发电对环境偏导函数值,以量化环境对供水变化和发电变化响应的梯度,进而解析环境-供水和环境-发电间互馈协变关系。该方法为水库群优化调度多目标互馈关系研究提供了一种新的思路。 相似文献
492.
碳钠钙铀矿产于我国甘肃某热液铀矿床氧化带内的蚀变角闪岩裂隙面上。该矿物为细小粒状,浅黄绿色,无解理,比重2.83。在长波紫外线照射下,发强篮绿色萤光。微量化学分析结果:Na_2O9.29%,CaO9.30%,UO_346.71%,CO_218.50%(热重分析),H_2O~+15.20%及少量K_2O,MgO,MnO等。X光粉晶分析强线为:13.054(60),7.931(55),5.697(100),5.254(75),5.182(65),4.332(70),4.174(60),3.688(100)。晶胞参数:a=13.0215A(α=86.844°)或α=17.9012A,c=23.7631A。一轴晶,正光性,Ne=1.546,No=1.521。 相似文献
493.
Environmental geology in loess areas of China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Sun Jianzhong 《Environmental Geology》1988,12(1):49-61
There are several unfavorable geological hazards in the loess area of China. The major purposes of environmental geology studies
in this region are to expound the causes of these hazards and to determine treatments. Geological hazards include endemic
diseases, depletion of groundwater, land subsidence, ground fissures, soil erosion, and collapsibility of loess. This article
is a summary of studies regarding these hazards. Keshan disease and Kaschin-Beck disease, for example, can be prevented and
cured by adding selenates to table salt. Ponds can be constructed on the loess plateau and dikes around farmlands to collect
rainfall to recharge groundwater resources. Excess extraction of groundwater is the major cause of land subsidence. Ground
fissures in Xi'an are primarily caused by tectonics, but over-extraction of ground-water strengthens its activity. Observation
stations should be established in order to forecast and prevent landslides. Planting trees in a regional shelterbelt is the
primary measure necessary to prevent soil erosion. As a result of these geological studies, valuable experience in preventing
collapse of loess in China has been gained. 相似文献
494.
This paper deals withR-mode cluster analysis for more than 6000 analytical data from the samples of tectonite and mineralized rocks using the method
of multivariate statistical analysis on the basis of division of the tectonic fault systems in the Malage Ore Field andR-mode factor analysis for the analytical data from tectonite samples collected along various directions of the faults according
to fourteen variables related to the mineralizing elements which are selected in terms ofR-mode cluster analysis from the chemical composition of tectonites. Thus the distribution characteristics of primary halo
anomalies have been revealed with respect to the metallogenetic elements Sn, Cu, and Pb, Zn. The tecto-geochemical features
are shown by the primary halo anomalies, thus providing the theoretical basis for metallogenetic forecast in the ore field. 相似文献
495.
Based on the mechanism study of new well stimulation method—tailored pulse loading method, the effects of initial stresses in this method is further studied. The effects of initial stresses on the propagation velocities and directions of the cracks around a hole, especially on the energy dissipation in crack extension, are obtained through theoretical analysis, dynamic photo elasticity tests, high speed photography. And large coal specimen tests. These results provide a theoretical foundation for the practical applications of the tailored pulse loading method. 相似文献
496.
本文着重叙述检波器组合效应、最大炮检距的选择、深反射层的共反射点离散效应等项技术和问题。另外讨论了比较理想的深层资料采集方法。 相似文献
497.
分解力是评定影象质量的重要指标。本文介绍利用改进后的国产9 w测微密度仪,测定航空软片静态分解力与曝光量的关系。以最大分解力所相应的曝光量作为确定航摄软片感光度的基准,以此为基础,确定航摄底片的最大密度(D_(max))、最小密度(D_(min))、影象反差(△D)和平均密度(D_R)本文对国产1022T、1022P、柯达2402、2412等航摄软片进行了研究,其试验结果可作为今后修改航摄规范的基础。 相似文献
498.
499.
观测事实和理论研究表明,暴雨系统的形成和发展与环境涡度和散度的分布和演变有十分密切的关系。因此用涡度方程和散度方程来诊断和分析流场结构比其它方程(如动量方程)更为直接,物理意义也更加清楚,这就吸引气象学者把它用于分析实践。如Matsumoto等用完全涡度方程和散度方程各项来诊断中尺度系统发展过程中对流活动的作用;Schaefer选取散度方程中与发展有关的项来诊断未来风暴的发生,发现其相关率可达90%以上。我国学者也研究过散度方程各项的大小以及某些重要项对暴雨形成的作用。鉴于涡度方程和散度方程在气象中常采用其近似关系式,故本文对方程各项进行 相似文献
500.
Summary A method of measuring ultrasonic wave properties in rocks during the complete stress-strain process is described. The relevant experimental laboratory study, to reveal the change of the amplitude spectrum parameters with strain (or stress) has been carried out. A preliminary study was conducted on the application of the ultrasonic measurement technique at a belt conveyor roadway of the north wing in Baodian coal mine, Shandong province. A borehole ultrasonic device with dry coupling was developed to provide better coupling and more accurate measurement data in comparison with those of a water coupled situation. Based on the interrelations between the complete stress-strain properties of specimens and their wave properties, the structural properties of surrounding rocks, the range of yield zones, and the change of stresses within the rocks surrounding a roadway which was subjected to mining influence of upper longwall face were analysed. Amplitude spectrum parameters were used to give a better prediction of the physico-mechanical state of the surrounding rocks. 相似文献