An automatic mosaicking method for building facade texture mapping using a monocular close-range image sequence

This paper presents an automatic mosaicking method for generating building facade textures from a monocular close-range digital image sequence. The process begins with the computation of the camera parameters (except the coordinates of the projective center), which are determined by combining vanishing point geometry with constraints of a straight line bundle as well as prior information of parallel lines in object space. The raw images are later rectified for the purpose of eliminating their salient geometric distortion. Next, automatic retrieval of the relevant image segment is implemented using the detecting range variance by means of the histogram of projective differences between the corresponding points for each of the facades from the raw image sequence. A strip model of the least-squares adjustment, which is similar to the strip block adjustment in aerial triangulation, is employed to determine the spatial alignment of each of the image segments in order to generate the facade textures from the relevant image segments. Afterwards, the entire building facade texture is mosaicked by ortho-image generation. Two refining strategies are proposed to optimize the mosaic result. One is refining the mosaic region where corresponding points are difficult to match but plenty of horizontal lines are available, and the constraint of corresponding horizontal lines is introduced to implement this process. The other strategy is to refine the unsatisfactory mosaic region by densifying the corresponding points by means of the spatial alignment of the relevant image segment computed by the strip method. The experimental results indicate that this method is widely applicable and compares well with other reported approaches with regard to automation level and applicability, for uncalibrated images as well as images with large geometric distortions.     

基于城市功能格局的西安市文化产业空间集聚研究

针对以往文化产业区位特征研究中缺乏与城市功能格局有机联系的问题,以中国西部重要的文化产业集聚中心西安市为案例,采用土地利用区位商、标准差椭圆、热点分析和叠加分析等方法,分析其文化产业的空间集聚特征及与城市功能格局的耦合关系。结果表明,2016年西安市的文化产业布局具有较强的“空间+功能”依附性特征,其空间集聚以城市发展主轴为方向线,集中在以一类工业和科教功能为主、开发较为成熟的城市综合功能区。传统商贸业、物流业等要素集散枢纽对文化产业的空间集聚影响较为显著。面向生活服务的文化休闲娱乐服务业的空间分布相对均衡,而面向生产服务的文化创意和设计服务业则表现出较强的产业关联导向和环境氛围导向特征。     

Finding outdoor boundaries for 3D space‐based navigation

Outdoor navigation is widely used in daily life, but faces various issues related to the fidelity of outdoor navigation networks. For instance, agents (pedestrians) are often guided via unrealistic detours around places without clear paths (e.g., squares) or if there are vertical constraints such as overpasses/bridges. This is partly explained by the fact that the main sources of navigation networks in current outdoor navigation are two‐dimensional road/street networks. Utilizing a three‐dimensional space‐based navigation model, compatible with some indoor approaches, is a popular way to address the above‐mentioned issues. A 3D space‐based navigation model is generated by treating 3D spaces as nodes and the shared faces as edges. Inputs of this model are enclosed 3D spaces (volumes). However, outdoor spaces are generally open and unbounded. This article puts forward an approach to enclose outdoor spaces and mimic the indoor environments to derive a network based on connectivity and accessibility of spaces. The approach uses 2.5D maps and consists of three major steps: object footprint determination, footprint classification and space creation. Two use cases demonstrate the proposed approach. Enclosing outdoor spaces opens a new research direction toward providing seamless indoor/outdoor navigation for a range of agents.     

天麻钩藤饮加减对高血压性脑出血肝阳化风证大鼠神经保护作用的研究

目的：探讨天麻钩藤饮加减对高血压性脑出血肝阳化风证大鼠的神经保护作用。方法：建立急性期高血压性脑出血肝阳化风证大鼠模型,随机分为模型组、西药组、天麻钩藤饮组、中西结合组,同步设空白组和假手术组。给予相应药物干预,对各组大鼠神经缺损症状、脑组织含水量、血清NSE含量进行检测,观察组织形态学改变。结果：天麻钩藤饮加减及其与甘露醇、速尿联合用药后模型大鼠神经缺损症状有明显改善,可明显下调模型大鼠脑组织含水量,减少NSE的血清分泌,且中西结合组效果优于单用组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）。结论：天麻钩藤饮加减及其与甘露醇、速尿联合用药可保护模型大鼠脑出血后的神经功能,尤其是中西结合用药,其治疗效果既弥补了中药起效缓慢的缺点、纠正西药维持时间短的弱点,又可保护脑细胞,改善预后。     

Spatial distributions and seasonal variations of particulate phosphorus in the Jiaozhou Bay in North China

Based on the measurements of particulate phosphorus(PP) in the Jiaozhou Bay from May 2003 to April 2004,the spatial distribution,seasonal variation and biogeochemical characteristics of PP were investigated to understand the fates and roles of phosphorus in the Jiaozhou Bay ecosystem.The concentration of the total PP ranged from 0.07 to 2.09 μmol/dm3.The concentration of POP was from 0.01 to 1.83 μmol/dm3,with an average of 0.32 μmol/dm3,which accounted for 49.6% in total PP.The concentration of PIP was fro...     

中国日降雨空间变化对雨水径流源头总量控制的影响

为研究中国不同区域的降雨特征对径流总量控制效果的影响,利用186个气象站近30年的日降雨量资料,通过空间分析与统计计算,得到不同年径流总量控制率所对应的设计降雨量以及年均控制降雨量;结合年径流总量控制率与年均控制降雨量的关系将中国区域分为9种类型。结果表明:中国设计降雨量地域变化明显,广东、四川、广西、河北和河南等省的标准差为全国平均水平的1.5~3倍,且随年径流总量控制率的提升而增加,源头径流控制效果差异明显;南部地区径流控制效果多为"高量低率";"低量低率"区位于甘肃、宁夏等地,面积占比为9.44%,其降雨特征不适合发挥源头控制设施的效果;而最适宜发挥源头控制作用的"高量高率"区位于西南部分地区,面积占比为3.80%。     

四川盆地震旦系陡山沱组烃源岩地球化学特征与有机质富集机制

深层古老层系在油气勘探中的重要性正越来越受到重视,四川盆地震旦系陡山沱组是中国南方这一领域的潜在烃源岩层系,但过去因关注少而研究程度低。为加深对其理解,文章以样品条件较好的四川盆地东北缘城口明月乡剖面为例,采用岩石学、主、微量及稀土元素等综合分析的方法,系统探讨了陡山沱组泥页岩的地球化学特征和有机质富集机制。结果表明,陡山沱组发育了一套富有机质的泥页岩,主体沉积于次氧化—还原水体环境,显著的Eu 正异常表明沉积时受热液活动影响明显。烃源岩有机质富集显著受控于沉积环境,同时由于沉积时整体处于较低的沉积速率,使得自下而上随沉积速率增大,有机质逐渐富集。此外,热液活动促进了有机质富集。陡山沱组具有资源潜力,但非均质性发育,可能与冰期—间冰期的海平面升降有关。     

河套盆地厚层砂砾岩油藏特征及成藏主控因素:以临河坳陷吉华2X油藏为例

河套盆地为中-新生代叠合盆地,早期钻井仅见到油气显示,未取得实质性突破。吉华2X厚层砂砾岩油藏的发现,展现了该区广阔的勘探前景。为进一步深化河套盆地油气成藏特征认识及明确有利勘探方向,对吉华2X油藏开展精细油藏解剖和成藏主控因素分析。结果表明:吉华2X油藏是受狼山分支断裂控制形成的继承性鼻状构造,储油层为古近系临河组及白垩系固阳组的扇三角洲平原砂体,油藏富集程度高、开发效果好;洼槽区固阳组高排烃动力的成熟烃源岩是吉华2X圈闭富集成藏的必要条件,砂地比极高的扇三角洲相储集体配套继承性发育鼻状构造与畅通无阻的运聚通道是吉华2X圈闭富集成藏的关键。研究结果对指导河套盆地下步油气勘探具有重要的指导和借鉴意义。     

冰雪型地质灾害链高位萌生、动力溃散及物相转化过程剖析北大核心CSCD

受全球气候变暖对高海拔山地区气温放大效应影响,冰雪型地质灾害趋于增多,且普遍呈现链式发育特征,具有灾害类型动态转化、影响范围大、破坏程度高等特点,严重威胁区域内重大工程建设安全。基于实地考察与文献调研方式,将高寒山地区常见冰雪型地质灾害凝练为:冰岩崩、雪岩崩、冰雪型碎屑流、冰碛物堆积滑坡、冰湖溃决、冰川型泥石流6类,并分别剖析各自典型的发育特征;而后,对冰雪型地质灾害3种典型链式组合关系予以剖析,发现:冰雪型地质灾害链普遍存在“高位萌生→动力溃散→物相转化”动态演化过程;据此,对冰雪型地质灾害高位萌生、动力溃散及物相转化三阶段特征及内在机制进行分析,明确了冰雪型地质灾害的“高位萌生→位能转化→侵蚀铲刮→滑移堆积”累积链生放大机理。最后,对冰雪型地质灾害链各演化阶段进行评价模型梳理,认为:新型破碎-扩散模型、Flores接触力模型可用于评价冰雪型地质灾害高位萌生向动力溃散过程;犁切模型可较好描述其侵蚀铲刮与体积放大过程;颗粒流模型、空气润滑模型、超孔隙水压力模型可用于揭示后续的高速滑移堆积特征;而Voellmy流变模型、Bingham流体渗流模型可较好解释其灾害链条的物相转化特征。研究对于科学评价冰雪型地质灾害链动态演化过程具有基础参考价值。