基于FloodArea模型的暴雨洪涝灾害风险预评估技术及效果检验北大核心CSCD

利用陕西气象站点逐小时降水实况、精细化格点预报、数字高程、土地利用、灾情等资料,应用水动力模型FloodArea对暴雨洪涝进行淹没模拟,在淹没水深和范围的基础上叠置承灾体属性,引入承灾体的灾损曲线,建立暴雨洪涝灾害风险预评估模型,并从数量占比和灾情占比两个角度,以县为单元进行验证,利用格点降水量预报对陕西6次大范围暴雨过程灾害风险进行预评估以及效果检验。结果表明:暴雨洪涝气象风险预估结果与实际受灾地区分布基本吻合,正确预报率73.2%,模拟结果可信度高,对于降水区域集中暴雨的风险预评估性能较分散性暴雨较高,漏报率相对低,但是空报率较高;建立的暴雨洪涝灾害风险预评估及效果检验流程,提高了气象服务的针对性,可以用于洪涝风险预评估的实际业务中,对暴雨洪涝风险管理提供技术支撑。     

A model for retrieval of dual linear polarization radar fields from model simulation outputs

An algorithm for retrieving polarimetric variables from numerical model fields is developed. By using this technique, radar reflectivity at horizontal polarization~ differential reflectivity, specific differential phase shift and correlation coefficients between the horizontal and vertical polarization signals at zero lag can be derived from rain, snow and hail contents of numerical model outputs. Effects of environmental temperature and the melting process on polarimetric variables are considered in the algorithm. The algorithm is applied to the Advanced Regional Prediction System （ARPS） model simulation results for a hail storm. The spatial distributions of the derived parameters are reasonable when compared with observational knowledge. This work provides a forward model for assimilation of dual linear polarization radar data into a mesoscale model.     

Compression behavior of MICP-treated sand with various gradations

Acta Geotechnica - One-dimensional compression tests on quartz sands treated by microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) were carried out to evaluate the effects of gradation and calcium...     

Residual-state creep of clastic soil in a reactivated slow-moving landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region,China

We study the creep properties of clastic soil in residual state. The intact samples are taken from a reactivated slow-moving landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, China. Firstly, the patterns of the landslide movement are analysed based on recent monitoring data, which indicate that the soil within the shear zone is undergoing two deformation processes: a creep phase, characterised by different creep rates, and a dormant phase. We then study the creep behaviour of the soil samples through a series of ring shear creep tests under various shear stress conditions. The creep response depends strongly on the ratio of the shear stress to the residual strength, and the normal effective stress, whereas the creep rate decreases due to strength regain. The long-term strength of the clastic soil is close to the residual strength. Therefore, the residual strength obtained from conventional shear test, which is less time consuming than creep test, can be used in long-term stability analyses of creeping landslides.     

下扬子区孤峰组放射虫化石带划分及环境分析

下扬子区中二叠统孤峰组线硅质岩中的放射虫化石极其丰富,这些化石主要阿尔拜虫类（ａｌｂａｉｌｌｅｌｌｉｄｓ）球形多囊虫类（Ｓｐｈｅｒｉｃａｌｐｏｌｙｃｙｓｔｉｎｅ）十字多囊虫类（ｓｔａｕｒａｘｏｎｐｏｌｙｃｙｓｔｉｎｅ）组成,其中以Ｐｓｅｕｄｏａｌｂａｉｌｌｅｌｌａｃａｌｐｒａｔａ．Ｐ．ｌｏｎｇｔａｎｅｎｓｉ,Ｐ．ｃｆ．ｌｏｎｇｉｃｏｒｎｉｓ,ＨｅｇｌｅｒｉａＭａｍｍｉｌｌａ,Ｆｏｌｌｉｃｕｃｕｌｌ     

大巴山国家地质公园构造地貌景观构造变形期次研究

通过野外路线考察,典型地区填图,地质、地形图判读发现,大巴山国家地质公园主要构造地貌景观横向分布呈现由NE至SW即从造山带向前陆盆地方向逐渐减弱特征;纵向上明显受早期构造格局和岩石类型约束,在区域上呈现NW—SE向延展的平行岭谷地貌,山峰和谷地的走向与地质构造线基本一致。通过对主要构造地貌景观构造应力和变形期次判别探讨,确定构造地貌景观形成的构造期次大致为三期,应力主要来自于NE—SW、SE—NW向,反映该区不仅受到NE—SW向的冲断挤压变形作用,还受到SE—NW向的右旋剪切挤压变形作用,推测是由多期受力叠加改造而成。通过ESR及14C定年确定距今12 Ma以来,该区在500 kaBP、278 kaBP、29 kaBP分别出现三次规模较大的快速抬升运动,提供了与其构造景观形成密切相关的新构造运动年代学证据。     

Integrated magnetobiochronology of the Pliocene–Pleistocene Miyazaki succession,southern Kyushu,southwest Japan: Implications for an Early Pleistocene hiatus and defining the base of the Gelasian (P/P boundary type section) in Japan

An integrated magnetobiochronology of the Miyazaki Pliocene–Pleistocene succession in the Miyazaki area, southwest Japan, was established using planktic foraminiferal and calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy together with paleomagnetic data. The upper Miyazaki succession in the northern Miyazaki region can be divided into the Takanabe, Hisamine (redefined), and Higoyashiki (new) Formations, in ascending order. A depositional hiatus between the Hisamine Formation and the Takanabe and/or older formations was also identified based on integrated magnetobiostratigraphy from five sections including the Nagatani River (NGT) section through the uppermost Miyazaki succession. The hiatus, herein called the Hisamine unconformity, is equivalent to the Kurotaki unconformity between the Miura and Kazusa groups of the Boso Peninsula in central Japan. The depositional hiatus recognised in the lower Pleistocene of Pacific coastal areas in southwestern and central Japan may have resulted from tectonic activity associated with a change in the subduction direction of the Philippine Sea plate, which commenced prior to ca. 2.2 Ma. The youngest unit just below the hiatus is the upper part of the Takanabe Formation in the NGT section. The NGT section represents the continuous Late Pliocene to earliest Pleistocene sequence including the Gauss/Matuyama boundary and is here proposed as the type section for the Pliocene/Pleistocene boundary in Japan, which the IUGS ratified as the base of the Gelasian in 2009.     

新疆地震台网超短波传输系统及故障分析

介绍了新疆地震台网子台供电系统中太阳能电池、太阳能充电控制器、免维护蓄电池以及稳压电源等主要设备和超短波数传系统中发射机、接收机、数字复、分接设备以及天线等设备的日常维护,对超短波数传的原理、场强的接收以及设备的一些参数,作了简单的阐述,对台站设备日常出现的问题和故障,作了简单分析,并给出了一些解决的办法。并就1次典型的台网故障现象分析及排除作了详尽的阐述。     

中全新世以来乌鲁木齐东道海子B剖面沉积物源探讨与分析

用激光粒度仪对乌鲁木齐河尾闾的东道海子B剖面样品进行测试,获得机械组成的原始数据。样品粒度分布频率曲线可以分为4种类型。不同类型的曲线反映了不同的碎屑物源组成和不同的沉积环境：在该剖面正态尖峰代表风沙物源,偏态宽峰代表河水物源,正态尖峰和偏态宽峰的叠加代表风沙物源与河水物源的混合,鞍状宽峰可能与深水环境有关。整个剖面反映了从约5000aBP到约200aBP湖面逐步扩大、湖水加深,碎屑物源由以风沙补给为主,逐步转为水源碎屑的趋势。剖面下部的风沙沉积层代表全新世大暖期晚期的暖干环境。约自4500aBP碎屑物源反映湖面开始扩张,4500至3100aBP显示3次快速气候波动,3100aBP之后水深增加,除1980aBP前后显示有短暂的风沙活动之外,主要反映河流碎屑入湖变化情况和湖水水深变化。     

阿联酋东鲁卜哈利盆地白垩系Mishrif组碳酸盐岩储层孔隙特征

上白垩统Mishirif组是阿联酋东鲁卜哈利盆地主要的产油层,目前对Mishrif-1段和Mishrif-3段储层孔隙特征差异的研究较为薄弱.在岩心描述、薄片鉴定、气测、压汞及核磁共振测试的基础上,对Mishrif组储层储集空间、孔隙结构进行了系统研究,明确了储层的相控特征以及Mishrif-1段和Mishrif-3段...