中国满洲里－绥芬河地学断面域的地球动力学模型

在对新取得的地质、地球物理、地球化学资料分析以及对满洲里－绥芬河地学断面域构造单元划分的基础上,提出断面域地质演化所经历的古生代古亚洲域和中新生代太平洋域两大阶段的地球动力学模型,前者主要表现为由微型块体的拼贴造山,形成软碰撞－弱造山性质的造山带;后者主要表现为中生代以走滑－伸展为主要地质演化标志的斜向俯冲活动陆缘和新生代太平洋板块的正向俯冲造成本区深部地幔主动向太平洋方向的蠕散,研究还表明,上地幔中滞留的太平洋板块是导致本区中新生代地质演化的重要原因。     

合肥盆地断层活动特征及其控制因素

利用断层活动速率法定量分析了合肥盆地主要近东西向断层的活动规律,并分析了它们形成与演化的控制因素。研究表明,盆地前侏罗系基底主要发育了近东西向、南倾的逆冲断层,属于印支期前陆变形的产物。这些断层的逆冲速率向南有规律的增加,指示其动力来自南部大别造山带的碰撞造山。盆地在侏罗纪期间接受大量沉积时,并没有发生明显的断裂活动,指示属于前陆拗陷型盆地,其对应着大别造山带的快速隆升。盆地在早白垩世至古近纪期间演变为断陷盆地,印支期基底的逆断层转变为正断层活动。这些盆地内主要的近东西向正断层的伸展活动在早白垩世呈现北强南弱,而随后转变为南强北弱的变化趋势。     

关于起草《中华人民共和国科学数据共享条例(建议稿)》的说明

<中华人民共和国科学数据共享条例(建议稿)>是关于科学数据共享的行政法规, 是科学数据共享活动的基本准则和依据, 也是科学数据共享政策法规体系研究的核心内容. 确立指导思想及遵循的原则是制定<条例>的先行, 设立一系列相互有机联系的法律制度, 规范科学数据共享活动, 为科学数据共享提供良好的制度保障.     

黑龙江省东部裴德组砾石中放射虫的发现及其意义

裴德组原指分布在黑龙江省东部龙爪沟群下部、中生代海相化石层之下的一套含煤的陆相火山碎屑岩地层,所含植物化石一般认为属于ConiopterisPhoenicopsis植物群的中侏罗世组合。裴德组下部的砾石中发现了放射虫化石,鉴定和对比的结果表明这些砾石来自东部的那丹哈达地体。对佳木斯地体和那丹哈达地体拼贴时限和拼贴地点的进一步分析则建议将“龙爪沟群”解体、裴德组形成的时代修正到白垩纪。     

日粮水平对黑鲷幼鱼粪便失能的影响

食物的消化率是指被消化道吸收而进入体内的营养物或能量占摄入食物所含营养物或能量的百分比(Brett et al.,1979),在有关鱼类能量学的文献报道中,消化率、吸收率、同化率等常用来描述同一个概念。通过测定鱼体排出粪便的量可以对食物的消化率进行估计,但粪便除包含有未被消化吸收的食物外,还包含有消化液及肠道上皮等代谢物,这两部分物质难以分离。因此,在研究中,通常对这些少量的非粪便排出物不加区别,这样测得的结果称为表观消化率(Jobling,1983a),由于类便中的物质会流失于水中,从而给鱼类消化率的测定带来许多实际困难。目前测定鱼类消化率的方法很多,除虹吸法外,还有后肠取粪便法(Henken et al.,1985),Cr2O3指示物法(Henken et al.,1985),以及其它一些指示物法(Buddington,1980; Bowen,1981;Atkinson et al.,1984;De Silva et al.,1974), Braaten(1979);Cho等(1982)和Jobing等(1983a)对消化率的研究方法进行了综述和比较。由于鱼类对动物性饵料消化率一般较高,测定上的误差对能量收支的影响不是很大。许多生态因子对消化率产生影响,在实验室研究中,人们着重探讨了体重,水温、日粮水平及食物的性质等对消化率的影响(Solomon et al.,1972; Elliott,1976; Windell et al.,1978: Henken et al., 1985; Cui et al.,1988; Jobling,1993)。 1994年8月-11月,作者在对黑鲷(Sparus macrocephalus B.)幼鱼进行能量学研究中,探讨了日粮水平对其粪便失能的影响,建立了不同水温、日粮水平及体重条件下黑鲷幼鱼粪便能的预测模型。通过研究,不仅阐明了黑鲷幼鱼的消化吸收效率随日粮水平等因子的变化规律,同时对黑鲷的养殖生产及其养殖环境的保护也具有指导意义。     

三疣梭子蟹幼体消化道发育的组织学研究

三疣梭子蟹的消化道分前肠、中肠和后肠,前后肠起源于外胚层,腔内有角质衬里,中肠起源于内胚层,腔内无角质层。消化管壁均由上皮层、结缔组织层、肌肉层和外膜组成。前肠包括口腔、食道和胃,食道壁内褶形成食道嵴,食道嵴的折叠程度以及食道放射肌的排列密度随幼体发育而增加。胃的结构复杂,其内的角质层特化成前部的胃磨和后部的腺滤器。胃磨、腺滤器、贲门胃和幽门胃之间的比例以及贲门－幽门瓣在幼体发育过程中变化明显。中肠的前端背面有一对前盲囊管,沿胃的背面向前延伸,在发育上有长度的变化。中肠后端背面发出一支后盲囊管,在Ｚ２形成,随后逐渐延长并发生弯曲。后肠始于腹部第二节,在蚤状幼体时最长可达中肠的两倍多,大眼幼体后随着腹部的退化而明显缩短。     

基于拓扑关系的不确定区域方向关系推理

利用宽边界区域对多种来源的不确定性数据建模,用确定区域的拓扑和方向关系组合描述不确定区域的拓扑和方向关系。根据拓扑关系和方向关系间内在规律,直接从不确定区域的拓扑符号描述中推理出方向关系的符号描述,是对已有推理方法的有益补充。     

Definitions of Natural-Language Spatial Relations： Combining Topology and Directions

Introduction Inmanyapplications(CADandgeographical informationsystem,GIS),dataaremanagedby spatialdatabases,whichstorepoint,line,region objectsandspatialrelationsbetweenthem.Spa tialrelations(topologicalrelations,directionre lationsandapproximatedistancer…     

Histological change and heat shock protein 70 expression in different tissues of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus in response to elevated temperature

High temperature influences the homeostasis of fish.We investigated the effects of elevated temperature on tissues of Japanese flounder {Paralichthys olivaceus) by analyzing the histology and heat shock protein 70(hsp70) expression of fish reared in warm conditions.In this study,temperature was increased at l±0.5℃/day starting at 24±0.5℃,and was kept at that temperature for 5 days before the next rise.After raising temperature at the rate up to 32±0.5℃,tissue samples from midgut,spleen,stomach,liver,muscle,gill,heart,trunk kidney and brain were collected for histological analysis and mRNA assay.Almost all the tissues showed changes in morphological structure and hsp70 level at 32±0.5℃.Histological assessment of the tissues indicated that the gill had the most serious damage,including highly severe epithelial lifting and edema,curved tips and hyperemia at the ending of the lamellars,desquamation and necrosis.The next most severe damage was found in liver and kidney.The hsp70 levels in all the tissues first increased and then decreased.The gut,stomach,muscle,heart,and brain had the highest expressions in 6 h,whereas the spleen,liver,gill and kidney had the highest expressions in 2 h.Therefore,tissues with the most significant lesions(especially gill and liver) responded much earlier(2 h) in hsp70 expression than other tissues,and these tissues demonstrated the most marked histological disruption and elevated mRNA levels,making them ideal candidates for further studies on the thermal physiology of this species.     

Polygonal Clustering Analysis Using Multilevel Graph‐Partition

Existing methods of spatial data clustering have focused on point data, whose similarity can be easily defined. Due to the complex shapes and alignments of polygons, the similarity between non‐overlapping polygons is important to cluster polygons. This study attempts to present an efficient method to discover clustering patterns of polygons by incorporating spatial cognition principles and multilevel graph partition. Based on spatial cognition on spatial similarity of polygons, four new similarity criteria (i.e. the distance, connectivity, size and shape) are developed to measure the similarity between polygons, and used to visually distinguish those polygons belonging to the same clusters from those to different clusters. The clustering method with multilevel graph‐partition first coarsens the graph of polygons at multiple levels, using the four defined similarities to find clusters with maximum similarity among polygons in the same clusters, then refines the obtained clusters by keeping minimum similarity between different clusters. The presented method is a general algorithm for discovering clustering patterns of polygons and can satisfy various demands by changing the weights of distance, connectivity, size and shape in spatial similarity. The presented method is tested by clustering residential areas and buildings, and the results demonstrate its usefulness and universality.