全文获取类型
收费全文 | 29666篇 |
免费 | 1199篇 |
国内免费 | 2213篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 1724篇 |
大气科学 | 3124篇 |
地球物理 | 5963篇 |
地质学 | 14210篇 |
海洋学 | 1690篇 |
天文学 | 1905篇 |
综合类 | 2728篇 |
自然地理 | 1734篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 36篇 |
2023年 | 107篇 |
2022年 | 255篇 |
2021年 | 292篇 |
2020年 | 241篇 |
2019年 | 269篇 |
2018年 | 4972篇 |
2017年 | 4229篇 |
2016年 | 2852篇 |
2015年 | 524篇 |
2014年 | 425篇 |
2013年 | 327篇 |
2012年 | 1266篇 |
2011年 | 3023篇 |
2010年 | 2287篇 |
2009年 | 2637篇 |
2008年 | 2171篇 |
2007年 | 2621篇 |
2006年 | 272篇 |
2005年 | 431篇 |
2004年 | 566篇 |
2003年 | 564篇 |
2002年 | 430篇 |
2001年 | 228篇 |
2000年 | 229篇 |
1999年 | 263篇 |
1998年 | 247篇 |
1997年 | 181篇 |
1996年 | 200篇 |
1995年 | 146篇 |
1994年 | 146篇 |
1993年 | 152篇 |
1992年 | 123篇 |
1991年 | 68篇 |
1990年 | 56篇 |
1989年 | 48篇 |
1988年 | 41篇 |
1987年 | 21篇 |
1986年 | 26篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 10篇 |
1983年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 29篇 |
1980年 | 23篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1958年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
This paper introduces a new method for GPS signal acquisition, which is based on the repeatability of successive code phase
measurements and the M-of-N search algorithm. The performance of the proposed method in terms of probability of signal detection
is similar to that of traditional methods, except that the calculation of the probability of detection does not rely on the
noise distribution or the Carrier-to-Noise ratio (C/N0). The code phase repeatability-based method is presented along with equations for probability of detection and probability
of false detection. If the distribution of the noise is known, it also provides an estimate of the C/N0. The proposed method is illustrated for coherent and non-coherent acquisition and C/N0 estimation. 相似文献
102.
Cluster correspondence analysis examines the spatial autocorrelation of multi-location events at the local scale. This paper
argues that patterns of cluster correspondence are highly sensitive to the definition of operational neighborhoods that form
the spatial units of analysis. A subset of multi-location events is examined for cluster correspondence if they are associated
with the same operational neighborhood. This paper discusses the construction of operational neighborhoods for cluster correspondence
analysis based on the spatial properties of the underlying zoning system and the scales at which the zones are aggregated
into neighborhoods. Impacts of this construction on the degree of cluster correspondence are also analyzed. Empirical analyses
of cluster correspondence between paired vehicle theft and recovery locations are conducted on different zoning methods and
across a series of geographic scales and the dynamics of cluster correspondence patterns are discussed.
相似文献
103.
This paper presents a continuous version of the model of distribution dynamics to analyse the transition dynamics and implied
long-run behaviour of the EU-27 NUTS-2 regions over the period 1995–2003. It departs from previous research in two respects:
first, by introducing kernel estimation and three-dimensional stacked conditional density plots as well as highest density regions
plots for the visualisation of the transition function, based on Hyndman et al. (J Comput Graph Stat 5(4):315–336, 1996), and second, by combining Getis’ spatial filtering view with kernel estimation to explicitly account for the spatial dimension of the
growth process. The results of the analysis indicate a very slow catching-up of the poorest regions with the richer ones,
a process of shifting away of a small group of very rich regions, and highlight the importance of geography in understanding
regional income distribution dynamics.
相似文献
Manfred M. FischerEmail: |
104.
105.
Mirdita Zone ophiolites and associated sediments in Albania reveal Neotethys Ocean origin 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Hans-Jürgen Gawlick Wolfgang Frisch Lirim Hoxha Paulian Dumitrica Leopold Krystyn Richard Lein Sigrid Missoni Felix Schlagintweit 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2008,97(4):865-881
The Mirdita Ophiolite Zone in Albania is associated with widespread mélanges containing components of up to nappe-size. We
dated matrix and components of the mélange by radiolarians, conodonts, and other taxa. The components consist of radiolarites,
pelagic limestones and shallow-water limestones, all of Triassic age, as well as ophiolites. Triassic radiolarite as a primary
cover of ophiolite material proves Middle Triassic onset of Mirdita ocean-floor formation. The mélange contains a turbiditic
radiolarite-rich matrix (“radiolaritic flysch”), dated as Late Bajocian to Early Oxfordian. It formed as a synorogenic sediment
during west-directed thrusting of ophiolite and sediment-cover nappes representing ocean floor and underplated fragments of
the western continental margin. The tectonic structures formed during these orogenic events (“Younger Kimmeridian or Eohellenic
Orogeny”) are sealed by Late Jurassic platform carbonates. The geological history conforms with that of the Inner Dinarides
and adjoining areas; we therefore correlate the Mirdita-Pindos Ophiolite Zone with the Vardar Zone and explain its present
position by far-distance west-directed thrusting. 相似文献
106.
We developed light requirements for eelgrass in the Pacific Northwest, USA, to evaluate the effects of short- and long-term
reductions in irradiance reaching eelgrass, especially related to turbidity and overwater structures. Photosynthesis-irradiance
experiments and depth distribution field studies indicated that eelgrass productivity was maximum at a photosynthetic photon
flux density (PPFD) of about 350–550 μmol quanta m−2 s−1. Winter plants had approximately threefold greater net apparent primary productivity rate at the same irradiance as summer
plants. Growth studies using artificial shading as well as field monitoring of light and eelgrass growth indicated that long-term
survival required at least 3 mol quanta m−2 day−1 on average during spring and summer (i.e., May-September), and that growth was saturated above about 7 mol quanta m−2 day−1. We conclude that non-light-limited growth of eelgrass in the Pacific Northwest requires an average of at least 7 mol quanta
m−2 day−1 during spring and summer and that long-term survival requires a minimum average of 3 mol quanta m−2 day−1. 相似文献
107.
对新疆土地生态环境保护的思考 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
郑江 《测绘与空间地理信息》2008,31(2):119-123
新疆幅员辽阔,总面积为1.6×106km2,占我国国土总面积的1/6。但新疆远离海洋,气候干燥,沙漠面积7.3×105km2,占全国沙漠总面积的2/3。生态环境脆弱,直接威胁人们的生存环境。本文叙述了新疆土地荒漠化的现状及成因和危害;开荒造田的历程;开荒造田中的经验和教训,指出了新疆土地生态环境保护中存在的主要矛盾和问题,并提出了思考和建议。 相似文献
108.
在分析传统潮位测量方法、潮位模型及GPS RTK潮位测量缺陷的基础上,给出GPS PPK远距离在航潮位测量的方法。系统地研究GPS PPK在航潮位测量、数据处理的基本理论和流程,并对潮位测量和数据处理中的GPS PPK高程质量控制、船舶姿态改正、动态吃水改正、潮位数据提取、垂直基准转换5个关键问题进行深入研究,最终确定测量船测量期间的在航潮位。试验结果表明,GPS PPK在航潮位测量方法具有实施简便、精度较高及稳定、可靠、作用距离长等优势,可广泛应用于航道在航潮位测量中。 相似文献
109.
Dynamic data integration for structural modeling: model screening approach using a distance-based model parameterization 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
This paper proposes a novel history-matching method where reservoir structure is inverted from dynamic fluid flow response.
The proposed workflow consists of searching for models that match production history from a large set of prior structural
model realizations. This prior set represents the reservoir structural uncertainty because of interpretation uncertainty on
seismic sections. To make such a search effective, we introduce a parameter space defined with a “similarity distance” for
accommodating this large set of realizations. The inverse solutions are found using a stochastic search method. Realistic
reservoir examples are presented to prove the applicability of the proposed method. 相似文献
110.
Analyses of 72 samples from Upper Panjhara basin in the northern part of Deccan Plateau, India, indicate that geochemical
incongruity of groundwater is largely a function of mineral composition of the basaltic lithology. Higher proportion of alkaline
earth elements to total cations and HCO3>Cl + SO4 reflect weathering of primary silicates as chief source of ions. Inputs of Cl, SO4, and NO3 are related to rainfall and localized anthropogenic factors. Groundwater from recharge area representing Ca + Mg–HCO3 type progressively evolves to Ca + Na–HCO3 and Na–Ca–HCO3 class along flow direction replicates the role of cation exchange and precipitation processes. While the post-monsoon chemistry
is controlled by silicate mineral dissolution + cation exchange reactions, pre-monsoon variability is attributable chiefly
to precipitation reactions + anthropogenic factors. Positive correlations between Mg vs HCO3 and Ca + Mg vs HCO3 supports selective dissolution of olivine and pyroxene as dominant process in post-monsoon followed by dissolution of plagioclase
feldspar and secondary carbonates. The pre-monsoon data however, points toward the dissolution of plagioclase and precipitation
of CaCO3 supported by improved correlation coefficients between Na + Ca vs HCO3 and negative correlation of Ca vs HCO3, respectively. It is proposed that the eccentricity in the composition of groundwater from the Panjhara basin is a function
of selective dissolution of olivine > pyroxene followed by plagioclase feldspar.
The data suggest siallitization (L < R and R
k) as dominant mechanism of chemical weathering of basalts, stimulating monosiallitic (kaolinite) and bisiallitic (montmorillonite)
products. The chemical denudation rates for Panjhara basin worked out separately for the ground and surface water component
range from 6.98 to 36.65 tons/km2/yr, respectively. The values of the CO2 consumption rates range between 0.18 × 106 mol//km2/yr (groundwater) and 0.9 × 106 mol/km2/yr (surface water), which indicates that the groundwater forms a considerable fraction of CO2 consumption, an inference, that is, not taken into contemplation in most of the studies. 相似文献