长江三角洲地区生态经济系统协调度及其预警(英文)

On the basis of Landsat TM data of the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) Economic Zone in 1991, 2001 and 2008, this article, taking 90 counties in this region as study units, built spatial data transformation models, ecosystem service value (ESV) and coordination degree of eco-economic system (CDES) models. With the aid of ArcGIS9.3, mass grid and vector data has been processed for spatial analyses. ESV and CDES indexes have demonstrated the relationship between economic development and eco-environment system and its evolu-tion characteristics in the researched areas. Furthermore, the indexes have also been used for functional zoning and pattern recognition. Some results can be shown as follows. Firstly, since 1991, land use in the YRD has greatly changed: urban land area has increased primar-ily from original paddy land, dry land, grassland, garden plot and other land. Secondly, the ESV model has proved the deterioration trend of the YRD ecological system from 1991 to 2001 and slower degradation trend during 2001-2008. Also, it is illustrated that land-use conversion from water area and paddy field to urban area and dry land could cause great damage to ecosystem stabilization. Thirdly, GDP in the central and southern parts of the YRD is higher than that in the northern part since 1991. GDP growth rate in the central part is higher than that in the northern part during 1991-2001. This growth rate in the central part is also higher than that in the southern and northern parts of the YRD from 2001 to 2008. Fourthly, the YRD could be categorized into 12 types of subregions in terms of CDES index. According to its spatial characteristic of CDES index value in the study area, eco-economic conflict area with low CDES value which is located in the central part is surrounded by eco-coordinated areas with high CDES values. This illustrates a core-periphery spatial structure exists in the YRD. During 1991-2001, the CDES value implied the convergent de-terioration trend of eco-economic system in the study area; while it gradually stepped into coexistence of divergent deterioration and coordination during 2001-2008. Finally, this paper analyzed five subregions in the YRD, including initially degrading zone, initially coordinative zone, continuously degrading zone, coordination-declined zone and coordination-promoted zone, based on eco-economic coordination and evolution patterns. And these subregions can be recognized and categorized by spatial transformation model.     

新丰江水库地震监测系统介绍

新丰江水库区的地震监测系统是随着新丰江水库的建立而发展起来的,在1960年建设了双下第一个地震观测台站,逐步完善新丰江水库的地震监测系统,经历了从人工值守、模拟遥测、数字化遥测的地震监测模式,为新丰江水库地震研究积累了大量的观测资料。     

湖北牛山湖小型鱼类的群落结构及多样性

流域数据模型是流域特征的语义、行为和规则的表达,是进行集成流域模拟和管理的空间数据组织的重要内容．本文以长江三角洲太湖流域上游的西苕溪流域为例,将汇流单元分为自然流域、“大包围”、圩区三种形式,分别建立了各自内部的河湖网络关系,即山区由自然流域单元,内包含水库(或湖泊)、河流、水工点的树状河湖网络关系;平原区由人工汇流单元,内包含大包围、圩区、湖泊、湿地、河道、水工点的网状河湖网络关系,为建立适合我国的流域数据模型做了有益的探索．     

Research Progress and Challenges of Submarine Cyclic Steps

Cyclic steps structure derived from the supercritical flows is one of the common bedforms， which is commonly found in sedimentary systems such as delta systems， deep-water canyon-channel systems， and carbonate platforms. In this paper， the research progresses of cyclic steps were introduced from the aspects of sedimentary environment， the features of bedforms， sedimentary structure， formation mechanism， and numerical simulation. The Research scale differences associated with the survey techniques or study methods， such as the ship survey and AUV-based multi-beams， sub-bottom profiles， multichannel seismic， the field outcrop， and numerical simulation were discussed. Finally， the breakthrough directions of the cyclic steps research were given. The combining method of ground penetrating radar， multichannel seismic， drilling and well logging were used to accurately detect the location of field outcrop thalweg. Within the area with water depth greater than 500 meters， the blending of multi-data for the cyclic steps research involved the AUV-based and the ship multi-beams， sub-bottom profiles， and multichannel seismic data. With the in situ samples and observation data obtained by human occupied vehicles， three-dimensional numerical simulation was developed to establish a set of dynamic simulation equations suitable for the real cyclic steps. Therefore， the high resolution three dimensional mode of the deep-water cyclic steps could be obtained more accurately.     

琼东南盆地现今地层温度分布特征及油气地质意义

温度状态是决定油气形成与保存的关键因素，精准的深部地层温度预测对盆地油气资源战略评价和勘探开发具有重要意义。琼东南盆地是我国当前深水油气资源勘探的重点区块，揭示盆地深部地层温度分布格局及主控因素是深水油气勘探研究的一项基础工作。结合钻孔实测温度和系统的岩石热物性参数，文章揭示了琼东南盆地现今深部地层温度分布特征。研究表明，琼东南盆地的优势储层温度为90~150℃ （数据占比>70%），高于国外学者提出的储层“黄金温度带”（60~120℃），推测与南海北部大陆边缘盆地高地热背景有关。此外，盆地T30—T70 界面处的估算温度均表现为“西高东低”的特征，高温区域位于西部的崖南凹陷；深部温度分布格局与地层的埋深、热导率结构以及因区域拉张程度不同引起的基底热流差异等诸因素有关。成果为琼东南深水油气勘探开发及钻井工艺设计提供了坚实的地热学依据。     

河南省一次大雾的数值模拟及生消机制分析

应用非静力平衡中尺度模式MM5及NCEP资料和高空地面资料,模拟分析了2006年1月28日发生在河南省的一次大雾天气过程,结果发现:这次雾体最强的时段在日出后1～2 h内,相对湿度下降的拐点滞后于气温回升的拐点2 h左右;先出现贴地逆温再出现大雾,逆温最强的时段也是雾体最强的时段,逆温层顶始终覆盖在雾体上方;近地面的微风和风向的转变,有利于雾体的形成和向上发展,风向转变的时间也是雾体形成的时间;增温、减湿和逆温层的破坏是大雾消散的主要原因.     

登陆台风维持和暴雨增幅实例的能量学分析

对登陆后迅速消亡的８１１６号台风和登陆后长期维持不消的８４０７号台风的动能平衡作对比分析，结果表明：对流层上部动能水平通量辐散和穿越等压线的运动使８１１６号台风迅速消亡，其中以正压过程为主；８４０７号台风则从环境大气输入动能和位能，这可能是台风暖性低压长久不消的重要原因。最后讨论了台风动能水平通量辐散与外围暴雨增幅的关系。     

1991年7月上旬贵州地区暴雨过程物理机制的诊断研究

本文对1991年7月上旬在贵州地区发生的几次暴雨过程的位涡场、Q矢量激反场以及相对螺旋度等物理量场进行了诊断分析。结果表明,暴雨的发生发展与对流层高、低层湿位涡（MPV）扰动和中层的负MPV的增强、Q矢量辐合区随高度呈倾斜状分布且输合中心强度明显增强、以及相对螺旋度的增强等过程密切相关。说明高空低润发展、静止锋锋生、斜升气流发展以及低空急流的加强等是贵州地区暴雨发生发展的有利机制。