The distribution feature of size-fractionated chlorophyll a and primary productivity in Prydz Bay and its north sea area during the austral summer

The investigation of size-fractionated chlorophyll a and primary productivity were carried out in three longitudinal sections (63°-69°12'S, 70°30'E, 73°E and 75(30'E) at December 18-26, 1998 and January 12-18, 1999 in Prydz Bay and its north sea area, Antarctica. The results showed that surface chlorophyll a concentration were 0. 16 -3. 99 μg dm-3. The high values of chlorophyll a concentration (more than 3.5 μg dm -3) were in Prydz Bay and in the west Ladies Bank. The average chlorophyll a concentration at sub-surface layer was higher than that at surface layer; its concentration at the deeper layers of 50 m decreased with increasing depth and that at 200 m depth was only 0. 01 -0. 95μg dm -3. The results of size-fractionated chlorophyll a showed that the contribution of the netplanktion to total chlorophyll a was 56% , those of the nanoplankton and the picoplankton were 24% and 20% respectively in the surveyed area. The potential primary productivity at the euphotic zone in the surveyed area wa     

天然气水合物分解及其生态环境效应研究进展

了解大陆／大洋边缘地区天然气水合物形成与分解及其在海底沉积物、水体及海底化学自氧生物群落中的一系列物理、化学及生物作用有助于我们在全球和区域尺度上探讨天然气水合物分解对气候变化的影响;天然气水合物在碳循环中的作用和大陆边缘流体活动与物质交换机制等问题。从水合物分解与全球变暖、贫／缺氧甲烷氧化作用、自生矿物沉淀、化学自养生物群落等方面综述了水合物的环境生态效应研究进展。天然气水合物的形成／分解及 其对海洋乃至全球环境生态变化的影响,深刻地反映了地球上岩石圈、水圈、大气圈和生物圈之间相互联系与相互作用,生物,特别是微生物对全球CH 4的平衡和自生矿物沉淀至关重要。     

马尔柯夫链原理在海雾短期预报中的应用

本文应用了马尔柯夫链原理,采用转移概率矩阵的方法,建立了预报南海海雾的模式方程,且通过实际的业务试报反映出具有较好的预报能力。     

The biogeochemistry of carbon cycle in summer of the Prydz Bay, Antarctic Ⅰ:Characteristics of DOC distribution

1　IntroductionAtthepresenttime ,thereiseveryindicationthattheearthbecomingwarmerandwarmer (Liuetal.1 995) ,asoneofthewarmhousegases,CO2 playanimportantroleinthechangingofthetemperatureandenvironmentoftheglobe .TheexchangingofCO2betweentheatmosphereandocean ,maketheoceanbeingthelargepoolofcarbon ,andthechangingofcarboncycleintheoceanwouldbringdistincteffectontheatmosphere .TheSouthernOceanisthewaterbodythathastheenormousenergyandexchangessub stancewithotheroceansintheglobe ,anditsecosystem …     

The progress in the study of Arctic pack ice ecology

The sea ice community plays an important role in the Arctic marine ecosystem. Because of the predicted environmental changes in the Arctic environment and specifically related to sea ice, the Arctic pack ice biota has received more attention in recent years using modem ice-breaking research vessels. Studies show that the Arctic pack ice contains a diverse biota and besides ice algae, the bacterial and protozoan biomasses can be high. Surprisingly high primary production values were observed in the pack ice of the central Arctic Ocean. Occasionally biomass maximum were discovered in the interior of the ice floes, a habitat that had been ignored in most Arctic studies. Many scientific questions, which deserve special attention, remained unsolved due to logistic limitations and the sea ice characteristics. Little is know about the pack ice community in the central Arctic Ocean. Almost no data exists from the pack ice zone for the winter season. Concerning the abundance of bacteria and protozoa, more studies are needed to understand the microbial network within the ice and its role in material and energy flows. The response of the sea ice biota to global change will impact the entire Arctic marine ecosystem and a long-term monitoring program is needed. The techniques, that are applied to study the sea ice biota and the sea ice ecology, should be improved.     

Oxygen isotopic composition and its application to the study of tracing oceanographical process in Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea

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前言

长江口地处我国经济社会高度发达的东部沿海,与世界其它河口发达地区一样,长江口及邻近海域的生态与环境面临巨大压力和挑战。同时,大河输入、黑潮和东亚季风的相互作用,构成了长江口及邻近海域独特的区域海洋环境,是地球上研究自然变化和人类活动对近海环境演变     

ENSO循环的非对称性及其机制初步探讨

利用SODA(Simple Ocean Data Assimilation)资料,以Nino3.4区SSTA(sea surface temperature anomaly)指数为标准,选取典型El Nio和La Nia事件进行合成分析,观察ENSO的非对称性。通过分析ENSO事件发生过程中温跃层深度异常和斜压能量转化率的变化,研究其对ENSO循环非对称性的影响。由于与ENSO相关的海洋异常信号在南、北太平洋的传播主要是以Rossby波的形式,Rossby波可以通过不稳定机制获得能量成长和传播,斜压能量转化率越强,携带ENSO相关海洋异常信号的Rossby波就可能获得更多的能量成长,这种信号传播至赤道区域可以更快地导致ENSO事件的爆发。研究表明,在El Nio事件达到顶峰时,北太平洋ENSO相关的Rossby波传播区斜压不稳定能量很强(可使Rossby波增幅)、温跃层加深(可使Rossby波加速),有利于El Nio相关的暖信号传出,这很好地解释了El Nio事件总是比La Nia事件振幅大以及El Nio事件向La Nia事件转化比La Nia事件向El Nio事件转化快很多的现象。因...     

强潮环境下的海滩剖面沉积特征——以春季广西北海银滩为例

海滩地貌动力状态是海滩过程和陆海相互作用研究中的重要内容,但目前国内对北部湾强潮环境下的砂质海滩地貌与沉积的研究相对较少。对2010年3月采集的北海银滩剖面高程与沉积物变化的资料进行分析,探讨此类海滩响应外在驱动力作用的地貌动力状态特征,结果表明:1)北海银滩地貌结构简单,地貌状态属于消散型类型。2)银滩沉积物类型为砂,并以细砂、中砂为主,沉积物分选性较好;此外,沉积物中砂的百分含量和中值粒径自陆向海逐渐减小,而极细砂的百分含量则逐渐增加。3)北海银滩横向剖面沉积物可区分为后滨、滩面和内滨3个沉积单元。后滨沉积物在风的作用下以跃移质为主;滩面沉积物因波浪形成的冲流作用而具有双向运动的性质;内滨沉积物主要受控于波浪和潮流的联合驱动作用而以跃移质组分为主。     

大鹏湾海水中各形态无机氮的分布变化

依据香港特别行政区环境保护署于1999—2007年106个航次的调查资料,并结合国家海洋局南海分局于1998—2007年10个航次的调查资料,简要描述和分析大鹏湾中海水各形态无机氮含量平均分布的变化。结果表明,由于受到香港和深圳的陆源排放的影响,氨氮含量在吐露港西部和沙头角海区明显偏高。大鹏湾香港海区全层海水中可溶性无机氮(dissolved inorganic nitrogen,DIN)各组分的平均百分含量高低顺序为氨氮>硝酸盐>亚硝酸盐,而氨氮、硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的多年平均含量分别为0.041、0.019和0.007mg.L-1。在夏季,外海高盐水入侵导致底层水中的硝酸盐含量明显高于表层水中的硝酸盐含量。调查期间氨氮含量航次均值的年际变化呈较明显下降趋势,而硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量航次均值的年际变化不大。