华北克拉通怀安杂岩中“MORB”型高压基性麻粒岩的成因及其构造意义

古元古代是华北克拉通重要的构造演化阶段,现已识别出多条碰撞造山带,但这些造山带的构造边界、演化时限以及地球动力学过程仍存在争议。本文报道了在怀安杂岩中新发现的一套高压基性麻粒岩-大理岩-富铝片麻岩表壳岩组合,原岩为一套基性火山岩-碳酸盐岩-砂/泥岩建造。高压基性麻粒岩记录了峰期高压麻粒岩相变质和麻粒岩相-角闪岩相退变质过程;地球化学研究表明其原岩为亚碱性拉斑玄武岩,具有平坦的稀土元素配分模式((La/Yb)_N=1. 35～1. 79),轻稀土相对亏损((La/Sm)_N=0. 83～1. 13),弱的正铕异常(δEu=1. 0～1. 22),无Nb、Ta负异常,与洋中脊玄武岩(MORB)地球化学特征类似;岩石组合和产状特征与晋冀蒙交界地区广泛分布的具有岛弧拉斑玄武岩性质的岩墙型高压基性麻粒岩明显不同。高压基性麻粒岩锆石εHf(t)为正值(+2. 6～+11. 5),单阶段模式年龄(t_(DM))介于2065～2250Ma之间,可能来源于尖晶石稳定域的浅层地幔源区。综合来看,这套含高压基性麻粒岩组合可能是古洋壳残片。SHRIMP U-Pb定年和Hf同位素研究表明,高压基性麻粒岩的原岩可能形成于2. 15～2. 2Ga,峰期高压麻粒岩相变质年龄为～1. 95Ga,1. 83～1. 82Ga代表麻粒岩相退变质作用和减压熔融时限。本文研究表明,该套表壳岩组合记录了古元古代俯冲-碰撞-折返等一系列造山构造演化过程,可为恢复古元古代造山带早期构造环境提供证据。     

焦页197-4HF井油基钻井液技术

焦页197-4HF井是涪陵页岩气田平桥南区197平台的一口三开制大位移开发水平井。该井长水平段位于志留系龙马溪组页岩地层,在钻井施工中面临着极大挑战,一是长水平井段易形成岩屑床,扭矩摩阻大;二是页岩易水化膨胀,造成井壁失稳;三是页岩地层微裂隙发育,钻井液滤失量大。为保证钻井施工正常进行,前期通过室内对比实验,优选出了合适油基钻井液配方。现场使用情况表明,优选出的钻井液配方完全满足现场施工要求,安全顺利地完成了三开长水平段作业。     

群桩基础引发饱和地基振动的近似解析解

建立了饱和半空间-群桩基础耦合动力近似解析模型,其中基桩考虑为欧拉梁,饱和地基采用Biot两相介质动力控制方程,二者在频率-波数域中利用桩-土相互作用点处的饱和地基柔度矩阵进行耦合,并采用快速傅里叶逆变换获得频域解答。分析了饱和地基中群桩基础的动力阻抗及刚性承台上施加简谐振动荷载时群桩基础引起的饱和地基振动响应。研究结果表明,荷载类型、激振频率以及地基渗透系数对饱和地基位移和孔压响应有明显影响。特别的,群桩基础动力阻抗峰值频率会随着地基渗透系数的增加而增大。     

Cyclostratigraphic Calibration of the Upper Ordovician (Sandbian–Katian) Pagoda and Linhsiang Formations in the Yichang Area, South China

正1 Introduction The Sandbian-Katian is a critical period for the transition from"hot-house"in the Lower Ordovician to"ice-house"in the end-Ordovician (Trotter et al.,2008).During this interval,the South China Block was located in the equatorial region (Torsvik and Cocks,2016),with the widespread accumulation of Pagoda and Linhsiang formations (Zhan and Jin,2007).Although these strata have been investigated for decades and their     

Geochemical Characteristic of Charnockites in North Margin of North China Craton: Indicating the Significiant of the Neoarchean Tecnotic Event

The Neoarchean charnockites of North margain of North China Craton(NCC) has become a hot topic into understanding the Early Precambrian basement. Although there is a broad consensus that charnockite is usually related to granulite facies metamorphism, whether its petrogenesis and tectonics characteristics remains controversial. Inclusions within hypersthene and garnet in charnockite are used to identify the peak granulite facies mineral assemblage, with the formation of Magnesian–charnockite attributed to anatexis of the protolith associated with this granulite facies metamorphism. The distribution of major and trace elements in charnockite is very uneven, significant depleted in LILEs(eg. Cs, U, Th) and HFSEs(eg. Nb, Ta, P and Ti), riched in Sr. Raising to the coexistence of Eu–enrichment and Eu–depletion type of REE patterns that influenced by the content of plagioclase and the remnants minerals of zircon and apatite. Comparative the petrography, geochemistry and geochronology data of Magnesian–charnockite indicate that the ratios of mafic pellites and basalts involved in anatectic melting are different by the upwelling of mantle magma, also resulting in the Eu anormals characteristics. The formation of the Magnesian–charnockite is closely connected with the subduction of the NCC oceanic crust(About ～2.5 Ga). However, Ferroan–charnockite may be the formed by the crystallization differentiation of the upwelling of mantle–derived shoshonitic magma(About ～2.45 Ga), with the lower crust material addition.     

华北新构造：印欧碰撞远场效应与太平洋俯冲地幔上涌之间的相互作用

作为大陆内部典型的伸展断陷区和强震活动区,华北地区处于东部太平洋板块俯冲构造和西部印欧大陆碰撞构造的双重大地构造背景之下,其新构造运动相当复杂:西部沿鄂尔多斯地块周缘两个地堑盆地系引张伸展断陷作用、中部太行山块体的局部断陷和整体隆升、东部华北平原区和渤海湾海域区的区域沉降,南缘沿秦岭构造带的左旋走滑拉张活动,东缘沿郯庐断裂带的右旋挤压走滑活动。这些不同类型的断裂构造在晚新生代的阶段性活动,产生了复杂的构造地貌组合特征。综合研究发现,华北晚新生代经历了3期伸展断陷-挤压隆升演化阶段:新近纪晚期(10～2.5 Ma)、早中更新世和晚更新世以来。地壳引张应力方向或NW-SE、或NE-SW向;地块隆升导致湖盆的消亡,挤压应力方向为NE-SW至W-E向。研究认为,华北地区新构造受两个岩石圈构造过程的相互影响:印欧碰撞产生的远程效应和东部岩石圈地幔的上涌。一方面,青藏高原东北缘地块的持续推挤及其构造应力向东的传递导致鄂尔多斯地块反时针旋转和秦岭山地的向东挤出逃逸,这个挤出构造动力学统治了华北地区晚新生代的引张伸展、斜张走滑和挤压变形。尤其是,新近纪晚期强烈的NW-SE向地壳伸展变形与青藏东缘挤出造山作用同步(10～9 Ma至4.2 Ma);上新世末期(约2.5 Ma)、晚更新世早期(约200～70 ka)和晚更新世晚期—全新世(约20 ka以来)3次构造挤压事件与青藏高原东缘构造事件基本对应。另一方面,岩石圈地幔上涌主导了华北东部平原区的区域地壳沉降,同时伴随着早、中更新世的5期幔源火山活动。这两个岩石圈构造作用力此消彼长,深刻统治着华北地区新构造与现今活动构造以及地震构造。