花岗岩型铀矿床水云母化的诊断性光谱特征

揭示铀矿床各种蚀变类型的光谱特征是最佳铀矿勘查遥感谱段选择的前提,是利用成像光谱技术进行铀矿蚀变带遥感填图的基础.文章以201铀矿床为例对花岗岩型铀矿床水云母化(实际为伊利石化)的光谱特征进行研究,提取水云母单矿物的诊断性光谱特征,对其主要吸收峰的成因进行分析,发现此水云母化的光谱特征与国外光谱库公布的伊利石的光谱特征具有显著区别.     

The Longmen Cloud Physics Field Experiment Base, China Meteorological Administration

Aiming at the needs of mechanism analysis of rainstorms and development of numerical prediction models in south China, the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology of China Meteorological Administration and the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences jointly set up the Longmen Cloud Physics Field Experiment Base,China Meteorological Administration. This paper introduces the instruments and field experiments of this base, provides an overview of the recent advances in retrieval a...     

Thermodynamics and Microphysical Characteristics of an Extreme Rainfall Event Under the Influence of a Low-level Jet over the South China Coast

In this paper, the data of Automatic Weather Stations (AWSs), ERA5 reanalysis, sounding, wind profile radar, and dual-polarization radar are used to study an extreme rainfall event in the south China Coast on 11 to 12 May 2022 from the aspects of thermodynamics and microphysical characteristics under the influence of low-level jets (LLJs). Results show that: (1) The extreme rainfall event can be divided into two stages: the first stage (S1) from 0000 to 0600 LST on May 12 and the second stage (S2) from 0700 to 1700 LST on the same day. During S1, the rainfall is mainly caused by the upper-level shortwave trough and the boundary layer jet (BLJ), characterized by strong upward motion on the windward side of mountains. In S2, the combined influence of the BLJ and synoptic-system-related low-level jet (SLLJ) increases the vertical wind shear and vertical vorticity, strengthening the rainstorm. In combination with the effect of topography, a warm and humid southwest flow continuously transports water vapor to farther north, resulting in a significant increase in rainfall over the study area (on the terrain’s windward slope). From S1 to S2, the altitude of a divergence center in the upper air decreases obviously. (2) The rainfalls in the two stages are both associated with the mesoscale convergence line (MCL) on the surface, and the wind field from the mesoscale outflow boundary (MOB) in S1 is in the same direction as the environmental winds. Due to a small area of convergence that is left behind the MOB, convection moves eastward quickly and causes a short duration of heavy rainfall. In S2, the convergence along the MOB is enhanced, which strengthens the rainfall and leads to strong outflows, further enhancing the surface convergence near the MOB and forming a positive feedback mechanism. It results in a slow motion of convection and a long duration of heavy rainfall. (3) In terms of microphysics, the center of a strong echo in S1 is higher than in S2. The warm-rain process of the oceanic type characterizes both stages, but the convective intensity in S2 is significantly stronger than that in S1, featuring bigger drop sizes and lower concentrations. It is mainly due to the strengthening of LLJs, which makes small cloud droplets lift to melting levels, enhancing the ice phase process (riming process), producing large amounts of graupel particles and enhancing the melting and collision processes as they fall, resulting in the increase of liquid water content (LWC) and the formation of large raindrops near the surface.     

新疆柯坪地震台地电阻率观测数据分析

1 研究背景 地电阻率是进行中短期地震预测的有效观测手段,其观测物理量是测区地下探测范围内介质电阻率的综合反映,其变化主要反映构造应力作用下因测区介质变形而诱发微裂隙活动所引起的电阻率变化(中国地震局监测预报司,2010).影响介质电阻率变化的因素主要有介质岩土成分、孔隙度、温度、裂隙走向及裂隙率、流体饱和度和流体矿化度等.     

华南埃迪卡拉系底部钾质斑脱岩的岩石地球化学特征及其地质意义

我国华南扬子地台不同地区（湖北宜昌、安徽休宁）埃迪卡拉系底部的盖帽碳酸盐岩中均保存有浅色粘土岩层。岩石薄片和扫描电镜观察,以及X射线衍射分析表明,这些粘土岩层以伊利石和伊/蒙混层矿物为主,同时含有港湾状熔蚀石英、高温透长石及岩浆锆石等斑晶矿物。X荧光光谱仪和ICP-MS等离子质谱仪等地球化学元素分析表明,这些粘土岩层具有相似的元素组成和配分模式,以高K₂O、低TiO₂,富含Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Th、Y等亲石元素为特征,Al₂O₃/TiO₂、Zr/Hf 和Ti/Th 值均指示了酸性火山灰的性质,同时稀土元素配分模式与花岗岩较为相似。岩石学和地球化学特征表明,这些浅色粘土岩层是火山喷发事件形成的钾质斑脱岩。通过两处剖面的对比,可以将安徽休宁地区的钾质斑脱岩年龄限制在大约635Ma左右。岩浆判别图指示了这些钾质斑脱岩的原始岩浆为高钾亚碱性流纹英安岩;依据微量元素特征和构造环境判别图,初步认为原始岩浆形成于大陆弧环境。这些钾质斑脱岩在区域上的分布,表明我国扬子地台埃迪卡拉纪早期发生了广泛的火山活动,“雪球地球”事件的结束可能是导致这期以钾质斑脱岩为代表的火山喷发事件的诱因。     

相山矿田西部温热水分布规律及地温场特征

对相山矿田西部邹家山、居隆庵及牛头山铀矿床的地质、水文地质和井温资料对比、分析研究,得出邹家山矿床温热水形成的主要条件,以及矿田西部地温场特征。     

祁连山冻土区天然气水合物DK-8孔岩芯顶空气地球化学特征及其运移指示意义

通过对祁连山木里冻土区天然气水合物DK-8孔不同深度岩芯中气体组分和甲烷碳同位素分析测试,对比分析其变化特征与天然气水合物及异常现象产出层段、断层或破碎带分布之间的空间关系,指出它们对天然气水合物及烃类运移作用的地球化学指示意义.岩芯中气体含量(μL/kg)在149～167m、228～299m、321～338m、360～380m等深度段具异常值特征,它们与天然气水合物及主要异常现象产出层段基本一致,表明岩芯中烃类含量的异常值特征主要是天然气水合物及异常现象的反映.根据离断层或破碎带不同距离岩芯烃类总体积百分比(vol％)、甲烷碳同位素δ13C1值(‰PDB)及C1/∑C1-5、C1/∑C2-5、C1/∑C2-3、C1/C2、C2/C3、C2/∑C3-4、iC4/nC4、iC5/nC5等特征,代表天然气水合物及其异常的具异常值特征的岩芯中烃类主要由运移而来,它们与断层或破碎带关系密切,下部断层或破碎带是主要烃类运移通道,中上部断层或破碎带可成为天然气水合物赋存空间.     

基于云计算的分布式切图服务设计与实现

云计算如何在GIS领域真正落地,传统GIS技术如何改变才能适应形势,并真正将云计算和云平台的优势为自己所用,是当前云GIS最重要的研究课题。传统GIS地图服务中,地图缓存是基于单机预先切好的地图瓦片,并通过单机对外提供。这种传统的切图技术,对计算资源的利用率较低,且海量数据切图时间长达数月甚至数年,严重影响工作效率,加之没有故障恢复机制,切图任务一旦出现故障,整个切图工作都要推倒重来。在云计算快速发展的形势下,如何利用云平台的优势,提升海量地图数据的切图效率和稳定性,就成为云GIS迫切需要解决的问题。本文在分析云计算技术优势的基础上,对传统切图技术进行了改进,提出了分布式切图服务的设计思路,实现了地图瓦片的分布式生成、管理与发布,对比测试证明,分布式切图的性能、稳定性较传统方式有明显提升。基于此种设计实现的SuperMap iServer Java 6R(2012)分布式切图模块,支持地图瓦片的分布式切片和分布式存储管理,支持多种分布式文件系统、NAS与大数据存储系统(如FastDFS、EMC Isilon等),进一步提升了地图瓦片的存取速度和支持的并发数。本文提出的分布式切图技术,是对传统地图缓存方式的创新,为云GIS提供了一定的研究基础。