鄱阳湖区间洪水计算方法

在实施一个大型国际合作项目（ＢＩＴＥＸ　’９３）期间,作者在琵琶湖进行了一个大规模的内波野外观测．９台垂直系留的湖流观测及其旋转谱分析的结果表明：除了众所周知的开尔文波以外,在表层有风的日变化造成的周期为２４ｈ的顺时针旋转的强迫振荡,在温跃层,Ｐｏｉｎｃａｒｅ波的第一调式（ｍｏｄｅ）占主导地位．Ｐｏｉｎｃａｒｅ波使温跃层附近的湖流以周期１６－１８ｈ顺时针旋转,在底层,周期为１１ｈ的不旋转的重力波非     

螺旋CT的临床应用

探讨螺旋ＣＴ在临床应用价值,选择部分典型病例３０例,其中血客性病变或螺及血管的病变８例,骨病变２１例,胆道病变１例,扫描机为Ｐｈｉｌｉｐａ Ｔｏｍｏｓｃａｎ Ａｖｅｐ。血管成像为主的,选择２－５ｍｍ的准直器宽度和床速,１２ｍｍ间隔重建,其它病变选择５－７ｍｍ的准直器宽度和床速,２－３ｍｍ间隔重建,增强扫描使用６０％的碘造影剂８０－１２０ｍｌ,以脏静脑用高压注射器注入,速率３ｍｌ／ｓ,脑血管和腹腔建     

由孕震后期非线性层次演化探讨短临预报问题

鉴于震源区为最后失稳区,震前前兆信息量最少,最弱以最晚出现,而近源区的调整单元（弱介质区域蠕滑断层等）前兆信息量最多,最强以及最早出现,提出由异常区边界交汇法确定震源位置（以场求源）;又鉴于孕震过程存在阶段性和层次性,提出由阶段性和层次性表现的时间特征确定主震发生时间（简称层次法）由上述二个思路和方法,本文对１９９５年永登地震孕震全过程和短临预报了研究了,研究表明,在地点中期预报基础上进一步由层次     

Shallow velocity structure and hidden faults of Kunming city region

In order to image the 3-D velocity structure of its shallow crust in Kunming region,China,finite-difference seis-mic tomography is used to invert the seismic data selected carefully from six-shot data. The result lays a founda-tion for the discussion of the relationship between the obtained velocity structure and the hidden faults,and for the illumination of the depth extents of main active faults surrounding Kunming city. Puduhe-Xishan fault lies on the western margin of the Kunming basin and is just situated on the west edge of the low velocity anomaly zone found at all depth levels. This indicates that this fault is a borderline fault of the Kunming basin. It can be concluded that the fault dips eastwards with a steep angle and its depth extent is large. Puji-Hanjiacun fault and Heilong-tan-Guandu fault play a role in controlling the low velocity anomaly zone in middle basin. The depth extents of the two faults are comparatively small,without traversing the interface of basin floor.     

Petrogenesis of diabase from accretionary prism in the southern Qiangtang terrane,central Tibet: Evidence from U–Pb geochronology,petrochemistry and Sr–Nd–Hf–O isotope characteristics

The Bangong–Nujiang suture (BNS) between the Lhasa and Qiangtang terranes is an important boundary and its petrogenesis is controversial. Diabase from the accretionary prism in the southern Qiangtang terrane yields a zircon U–Pb age of 181.3 ± 1.4 Ma. All the diabases show tholeiitic basalt compositions, gentle enrichment patters of light rare earth elements (REE), variable enrichment in incompatible element concentrations (e.g. Th and Rb), and no anomaly in high field strength elements (e.g. Nb and Ta), similar to that of enriched mid‐ocean ridge basalt (E‐MORB). They have relatively homogeneous whole rock Nd (εNd(t) = 7.3–9.1) and zircon Hf–O isotopic compositions (εHf(t) = 14.8–16.1, and δ¹⁸O = 4.57–6.12‰), possibly indicating melting of the depleted mantle and no significant crustal contamination during the petrogenesis. The element variations suggest that the diabases were formed by plume–ridge interaction at a mid‐ocean ridge within the Bangong–Nujiang ocean.     

Impact of climate change on hydrological extremes in the Yangtze River Basin,China

The recent (1970–1999) and future (2070–2099) climates under the SRES A1B scenario, simulated by the regional climate model RegCM4.0 driven with lateral boundary conditions from the ECHAM5 general circulation model, are utilized to force a large-scale hydrological model for assessing the hydrological response to climate changes in the Yangtze River Basin, China. The variable infiltration capacity model (VIC) is utilized to simulate various hydrological components for examining the changes in streamflow at various locations throughout the Yangtze River Basin. In the end of the twenty-first century, most of the Yangtze River Basin stands out as “hotspots” of climate change in China, with an annual temperature increase of approximately 3.5 °C, an increase of annual precipitation in North and a decrease in South. Runoff in the upper reach of Yangtze River is projected to increase throughout the year in the future, especially in spring when the increase will be approximately 30 %. Runoff from the catchments in the northern part of Yangtze River will increase by approximately 10 %, whereas that in the southern part will decrease, especially in the dry season, following precipitation changes. The frequency of extreme floods at three mainstream stations (Cuntan, Yichang, and Datong) is projected to increase significantly. The original extreme floods with return periods of 50, 20, and 10 years will change into floods with return periods of no more than 20, 10, and 5 years. The projected increase in extreme floods will have significant impacts on water resources management and flood control systems in the Yangtze River Basin.     

Distribution and mass inventory of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the sediments of the south Bohai Sea, China

Recent occurrence, distribution and mass inventories of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) proposed by USEPA in the south Bohai Sea (BS) were studied based on the analytical data of 71 surface sediment samples. The concentrations of 16 PAHs varied from 37 to 537 ng g⁻¹ (dry weight). A clear difference was observed between the coastal Bohai Bay (CBB) and its adjacent BS (ABS) in the distribution and compositions of PAHs. The petrogenic source of phenanthrene in CBB was attributable to the industrial wastewater, fugitive fuel leakages from ships and offshore oil production. Four to six ring PAHs were predominantly from the coal and wood combustions in the whole area. The estimated PAH input to the south BS (43,000 km², 56% of BS in area) was 36.6 ton yr⁻¹, indicating that the study area was one of the important reservoirs of PAHs in world.     

考虑时空耦联的等效惯性加速度加载的地下结构pushover分析

地下结构的薄弱环节在地震作用下可能发生破坏,进而影响整个结构体系的整体稳定性,地下结构的抗震能力成为结构工程领域研究的热点问题之一.在借鉴已有地下结构pushover分析方法的基础上,本文提出了一种考虑时空耦合的等效惯性加速度分布模式,详细介绍了该分布模式的求解步骤与基本特点,采用该方法对日本神户大开地铁车站进行了pu...     

大震发生日期的预报——异年倍九律

本文在1977年以来提出的“予报地震的倍九律”基础上,研究了我国很多地震区大震的异年倍九现象,进一步提出了“异年倍九律”。异年倍九律是指相近地区不同年份大震发震日序间具有倍九日关系的情况。由于大震日期予报至为重要,所以本文仅以7级和7级以上大震进行统计。统计发现我国许多地震区大地震发生日期符合上述异年倍九律现象。这些地区是渤海至燕山前麓地震区,山东郯城潍坊地震区,武都茂汶地震区,四川巴塘、理塘地震区,炉霍、道孚地震区,云南东川、嵩明地震区,西藏墨脱至米林地震带,当雄至奇林湖地震区,新疆巴里坤地震区,乌恰地震区和富蕴至中蒙边境阿尔泰地震带。由这十一个地区异年倍九的震例来看,地震日序差值以36天的频次最高,约占总的统计数40%,月份大多出现在6—9月。此外符合这种时间规律的地区不是杂乱的,例如汾渭地震带就不符合这种规律。因此异年倍九律对某些已有短期震兆的地震危险区发布大震的发震日期有一定参考作用。异年地震发震日期的倍九律具有较多的统计事实表明,这种现象的出现不是偶然的。作者认为相差几十年和几百年的大震,它们发震的月份相近,且发生地震的日期符合倍九律可能与这些地区在这段时期具有倍九时间特征的外因较强有关。也即与外因对地震的调制作用有关。具体的调制因素和调制机制尚需进一步研究。初步认为可能是气象因素、磁暴,日月引力等外因因素对地震的发生起到了调制作用,以上这三种外因均有倍九天的周期成份,如这三种倍九天的周期成份在某些地区某些时间产生合拍运动,则就可能增加外因对地震的作用。在自然界除了研究可公度性和周期性现象外,还要研究走向混沌的道路。我们发现,两大类事物分别走向混沌的临界常数A和B,与黄金分割数C之间有一简单关系,即: 2 A-B=C 式中A=4.66920,B=8.7210,C=0.618(此亦为优选法中的常数)。