1970年通海地震震源影响区的研究

分析了通海地震的震源体过程、空间分布的时序特征及其对周边三角形构造块体内的地震活动可能造成的影响。探讨了通海地震迄今３０年来通海地震震源影响区内以该震开始而以武定地震结束的地震活动过程,指出未来几年内本区的地震活动可能会呈逐渐减弱的态势。     

基于滑坡风险评价的卡拉水电站坝址比选研究

以雅砻江卡拉水电站为例,针对滑坡群风险在水电工程坝址比选时的量化评价问题,在考虑滑坡体危险性分析和易损性分析的基础上,引入滑坡体工程影响系数、重要性系数、距离模数、滑坡体状况系数4个指标参数,综合考虑滑坡体客观情况与人类活动的影响,建立以年期望损失为指标的水电工程滑坡风险评价体系。在以坝址安全风险指标、堵江引起发电量损失指标与清淤损失指标和涌浪破坏损失指标为标准的综合评价方法中,运用安全与经济相平衡原则,得出基于滑坡风险评价的坝址比选结果。经实例计算,采用改进后的评价方法可得同一量纲下的计算分析比常规方法更具可比性,综合考虑可为坝址比选提供依据。     

从植物种间联结性探讨白梭梭种群生态种组分类——以古尔班通古特沙漠为例

在2×2联列表的基础上,应用χ2检验、联结系数、spearman秩相关,检测古尔班通古特沙漠植物种间关系,以期分析各物种在沙垄不同地貌部位的变化异同及种群稳定性。结果表明:①灌草两层共435个种对中,联结程度达到显著的种对较少;极显著的有15种对,显著的有22种对,其余398种对联结程度不显著。②按组间联系及种间的正负关联性,将30个主要优势种划分为5个生态种组。灌木层植物可分为3个种组:Ⅰ.白梭梭、沙拐枣;Ⅱ.蛇麻黄;Ⅲ.绢蒿;草本层分为两个种组:Ⅰ.苔草、尖喙牻牛儿苗、条叶庭芥、角果藜;Ⅱ.对节刺、沙生千里光、东方旱麦草;并提出各生态种组物种的分布特征。     

300MW火电厂空冷系统排汽管道抗震分析

基于Ansys有限元软件,建立了300MW空冷系统排气管道的有限元模型。通过模态分析,计算了排气管道的动态特性,得到了排气管道的固有频率、振型,表明主要影响地震响应的振型是平动振型,而扭转振型影响较小。应用反应谱法计算了排气管道的地震响应,并用SRSS法对地震荷载组合后再与重力荷载进行组合。计算结果表明,在地震荷载和重力荷载作用下,排气管道整体应力水平很低,其强度满足规范要求。     

江苏小庙洪牡蛎礁大型底栖动物多样性及群落结构

基于2011年春季的生态调查资料,报道了江苏小庙洪自然潮间带牡蛎礁大型底栖动物的多样性及其群落结构。通过16SrDNA基因序列分析发现,在小庙洪牡蛎礁内分布有3种牡蛎(熊本牡蛎Crassostrea sikamea、近江牡蛎C.ariakensis和密鳞牡蛎Ostrea denselamellosa),其中分布于潮间带区的造礁活体牡蛎为熊本牡蛎,其平均密度和生物量分别为(2199±363)ind/m2和(12361±1645)g/m2。在该牡蛎礁内记录到定居性大型底栖动物(不包括3种牡蛎)共计43科66种,礁体大型底栖动物的总栖息密度和生物量分别达到(2830±182)ind/m2和(499.59±35.41)g/m2,显著高于邻近的软相潮间带泥(沙)质滩涂[密度(102±29)ind/m2;生物量(53.10±22.80)g/m2]和潮下带泥滩[密度(140±60)ind/m2;生物量(43.23±22.37)g/m2](P<0.001)。     

中原经济区城市体系空间组织

新型城镇化是引领中原经济区“三化”协调发展的重要切入点,而城市体系空间组织又是支撑新型城镇化的主要载体。依据空间组织的基本理论,采用多种空间分析手段,分析了中原经济区城市体系的空间组织路径,结论如下：① 通过规模实力、综合实力评价模型计算中原经济区30个省辖市的空间组织等级,结合空间组织的均衡原则,确定以郑州为核心城市,洛阳、邯郸、信阳和商丘为区域中心城市,晋城、安阳、南阳、淮北为区域性次中心城市的等级体系;② 应用分形理论、圈层分析、缓冲区分析、城市相互作用模型等方法分析发现,中原经济区具备以郑州为核心的圈层式、轴带状、核心板块网络化、组团分区的组织基础;③ 结合空间组织的等级层次和现实基础,提出中原经济区空间组织的“中心带动、圈层推动、轴带组织、核心板块网络化、组团分片”的模式选择与路径取向。     

Salinity tolerance and genetic diversity of the dinoflagellate <Emphasis Type="Italic">Oxyrrhis marina</Emphasis>

To evaluate the relationship between salinity tolerance and genetic diversity of plankton, we collected a wild species of plankton from Taipingjiao, Qingdao. The fragment of ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2 was extracted and sequenced. The results showed that the plankton belongs to Oxyrrhis marina. The salinity tolerance of O. marina ranges from 4 to 60. Seven selected groups were built up to evaluate salinity tolerance and to assess genetic diversity by RAPD. The salinity tolerance comparison revealed considerable differences among groups: the strains of O. marina in group 4 could survive under salinity from 4 to 32, while the strains selected for salinity 60 died under the salinity lower than 16. Analysis of genetic diversity of the seven groups showed that the mean genetic diversity index value was 0.28, but it was only 0.16 in selected group of 4 and was 0.24 for group 60. The result of AMOVA suggested a significantly positive relationship between the salinity tolerance and genetic diversity of O. marina (P<0.01). This study indicates that consideration of intraspecific genetic divergence in O. marina might be indispensable when using it as a model in the study of salinity tolerance of wild plankton.     

Optimization of a precise integration method for seismic modeling based on graphic processing unit

General purpose graphic processing unit(GPU) calculation technology is gradually widely used in various fields.Its mode of single instruction,multiple threads is capable of seismic numerical simulation which has a huge quantity of data and calculation steps.In this study,we introduce a GPU-based parallel calculation method of a precise integration method(PIM) for seismic forward modeling.Compared with CPU single-core calculation,GPU parallel calculating perfectly keeps the features of PIM,which has small bandwidth,high accuracy and capability of modeling complex substructures,and GPU calculation brings high computational efficiency,which means that high-performing GPU parallel calculation can make seismic forward modeling closer to real seismic records.     

青海省马匹寺电厂水源地数值模拟研究

针对山间河谷类傍河水源地共有的地质条件,本文应用国际通用的Visual Modflow软件包对选取的典型地段进行地下水流数值模拟研究,通过对研究区的地下水梯度场、降速场以及水均衡结果与实测资料的识别与验证,建立地下水流模型,并对不同降水频率下的开采方案进行预测评价,保证了拟建水源地所需的可开采水量,也为同类型水源地的研究提供借鉴.     

Seasonal controls on sediment delivery in a small coastal plain watershed, North Carolina, USA

Field measurements of drainage ditch sedimentation and suspended sediment transport were used to construct a simple sediment budget and relate seasonal variations in vegetation and the hydrological characteristics of storms to sediment dynamics in a small agricultural watershed in North Carolina. Results indicate that seasonal variations in crop coverage and vegetation in drainage ditches influence sediment delivery. Following the harvesting of crops and mowing of drainage ditches in late autumn, conditions are favorable to soil erosion and sediment transport through early spring. Storms need not be very intense or produce large rainfall totals to transport significant sediment loads. The maturation of field crops and ditch vegetation in spring produces conditions less conducive to both soil erosion and sediment transport. Intense summer thunderstorms, however, are capable of mobilizing and transporting significant amounts of sediment. The computed sediment yield of 0.1 Mg/ha/yr probably represents a low estimate that, nevertheless, is an order of magnitude less than measured ditch storage and more than two orders of magnitude less than regional estimates of soil loss on Coastal Plain croplands. The results show that headwater ditches may be decoupled from slopes so that much of the eroded soil is stored within small watersheds rather than being transported out of the basin.