The idea and project of the “Medium－Scale Experiment Field for Earthquake Prediction”──Research on observations and applications of mining earthquake in Mentougou Coal Mine

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Annual change of the number of anaerobic sulf ite reducing bacteria in sediment of the Daya Bay

The surface sediment samples were collected month by month at nine stations in the Daya Bay from January to December 1987, and the number of anaerobic sulfite reducing bacteria and their spores and the regularity of seasonal change were determined. The effect of environmental factors, water temperature and the resoluble oxygen concentration in the bottom of seawater on the number of them were discussed. The results show that the number of anaerobic su|fite reducing bacteria were low in sediment of the Daya Bay, indicating that the hay was less contaminated.     

舟山沿岸四种藤壶类壳板的亚显微结构

本文研究了舟山沿岸四种藤壶（三角藤壶Ｂａｌａｎｕｓｔｒｉｇｏｎｕｓ，纹藤壶Ｂ．ａｍｐｈｉｔｒｉｔｅａｍｇｈｉｔｒｉｔｅ，白脊藤壶Ｂ．ａｌｂｉｃｏｓｔａｔｕｓ及日本笠藤壶Ｔｅｔｒａｃｌｉｔａｊａｐｏｎｉｃａ）壳板的亚显微结构。结果表明，壳板表面的亚显微结构主要有生长脊（包括毛脊、大脊、微脊）和放射脊。其中，大脊和放射脊系本文首次报道。大脊于蔡壶蜕皮后毛脊（刚毛）形成的同时或其后形成，与蜕度周期有关。放射脊的形成可增加壳板的坚固度。各种生长脊的数量及强弱变化反映了藤壶的生理代谢状况及环境对藤壶成长的影响。本文比较了四种藤壶之间壳板表面的亚显微结构，发现它们有很大的差异。通过比较四种藤壶成体和幼体之间壳板表面的亚显微结构，发现藤壶壳板表面结构与年龄有密切关系，尤以生活于潮间带中上区的白脊藤壶和日本笠藤壶为显著。环境，尤其是潮区，对藤壶壳板的生长有很大影响。日本笠藤壶、白脊藤壶、纹藤壶壳板结构明显受其生活的潮区影响。     

Nutrient Enrichment Regulates the Growth and Physiological Responses of Saccharina japonica to Ocean Acidification

Environmental changes, such as ocean acidification and eutrophication, have created threats to kelp mariculture. In this study, the growth, photosynthesis, respiration and nutrient composition of Saccharina japonica were evaluated at different levels of pCO_2(400 and 800 μL L~(-1)) and nutrients(nutrient-enriched and non-enriched seawater). Elevated pCO_2 decreased the relative growth rate(RGR), net photosynthetic rate and contents of tissue carbon and tissue nitrogen under non-enriched nutrient conditions, but it had no significant effect on these parameters under nutrient-enriched conditions. The dark respiration rate was positively affected by elevated pCO_2 regardless of the nutrient conditions. However, the C:N was unaffected by elevated pCO_2 at both nutrient levels. These results implied that ocean acidification could reduce the production and nutrient contents in the tissues of S. japonica, which was associated with nutrient conditions.     

贵州织金平桥向斜煤层气储层地质特征及有利开发层优选

基于平桥向斜地面地质调查,PQT-1井钻、录、测井及取芯测试资料的分析,对该区煤储层地质特征进行了总结,并深入探讨了有利开发层与煤厚、煤间距、显微组分、灰分产率和含气性特征之间的对应关系。研究结果表明:PQT-1井纵向上8套主力煤层呈“厚度小、层数多、间距近”的特征,适合“分层压裂,多层合采”的开发工艺。其中,C14与C16组合煤厚大、含气量适中、灰分产率较低、解吸压差较小,为最有利煤层气开发层;C30与C32组合、C17与C20组合受制于煤厚,为第二、第三有利煤层气开发层。     

闽南云霄-安溪地区的浅层Q分布

基于人工地震测深资料的P_g波垂直向最大振幅随距离的衰减,计算了福建省云霄-安溪地区的浅层Q值,在长泰-云霄间的漳州地区附近地下2-5km深处,存在高Q异常区.     

底物中钙赋存形态对太平洋牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)幼虫附着的诱导效应

为探讨底物中钙赋存形态对牡蛎幼虫附着的诱导效应,本研究设计3因子随机区组实验,检验实验底物钙含量、钙赋存形态及海水中牡蛎幼虫丰度对实验底物上太平洋牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)稚贝附着效果(密度和壳高)的影响。结果表明,在3个因子中,实验底物钙含量对附着稚贝密度和壳高的影响不显著(P0.05),而其它2个因子(钙赋存形态和海水中牡蛎幼虫丰度)均显著影响着实验底物上附着牡蛎稚贝的密度和壳高(P0.05)。在相同的牡蛎浮游幼虫丰度下,3种钙形态底物对牡蛎幼虫附着的诱导能力大小顺序为:有机钙碳酸钙=硫酸钙(P0.05);壳高的结果却恰恰相反。在同样的钙形态底物中,高牡蛎幼虫丰度下牡蛎稚贝附着量均显著高于低幼虫丰度的处理组(P0.05)。     

气象科技论文中常用差值辨析及建议

为了准确表达科研成果,在气象科技论文写作中须了解各种差值的内涵和区别。常用差值包括绝对误差、相对误差、均方根误差、标准差、距平和方差等。绝对误差并非误差的绝对值,是与真值的差值,其单位与真值相同;相对误差是相对于真值的差值,应以百分数形式出现;均方根误差也是相对于真值的差值,其单位与真值相同;标准差是相对于平均值的差值,其单位与真值相同。通常情况下,这些统计量不能混用,要注意辨析,以准确传意,保证科技论文写作的科学性和逻辑性。     

太行山南段洪山矿化正长斑岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素组成及地球化学特征

太行山南段是我国东部重要的金属成矿区。本文首次报道了太行山南段洪山岩体的金属成矿作用,对含矿的正长斑岩开展了系统的年代学、岩石地球化学及Hf同位素的分析工作。详细的野外观察表明,洪山岩体内具有典型的斑岩型矿化特点,并厘定出含矿正长斑岩。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,洪山正长斑岩成岩年龄为130.45~131.4Ma,晚于洪山正长岩形成年龄(132~135Ma),成矿时代略晚于本区矽卡岩型铁矿的成矿年龄(133~137Ma),处在太行山地区中生代侵入岩活动高峰期内(120~140Ma),属于太行山地区后碰撞构造伸展阶段的产物。详细的岩石地球化学研究表明,洪山正长斑岩具有高硅(Si O_2=63.72%~67.63%)、高钾(K_2O/Na_2O=0.73~1.36)和富碱(K_2O+Na_2O=12.34%~12.73%)的特点,属于钾玄岩系列岩石。岩体轻稀土元素富集(LREE/HREE=9.32~12.43),不具铕异常(δEu=0.93~1.05),富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、Th、U、K)而亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Ti)。2件样品24个测点的锆石εHf(t)值具有较大的变化范围(-24.4~-10.3),对应的地壳模式年龄集中于1.6~2.7Ga。综合分析表明,正长斑岩是"EMⅠ型"富集地幔部分熔融的产物,岩浆在上涌的过程中受到下地壳物质的混染,形成壳幔混源的富钾含矿岩浆,并最终导致洪山斑岩型Cu矿化的发生。