Geochemical Characteristics and Genesis of Late Cretaceous to Paleogene Basalts in the Tuyon Basin, South Tianshan Mountains

1. Introduction The Tianshan Mountains is a typical intercontinental orogenic belt in the world. From late Carboniferous to Permian, the old Tianshan formed during the tectonic amalgamation of the Tarim block, Tianshan block and Siberia craton (Carroll et al, 1990). Mid-Cenozoic basalts are widely distributed in both the Tuyon basin of southwest Tianshan and its western part of Tianshan in Jierjisi in late Cretaceous-Paleogene period, which indicates the activation of the old Tianshan.…     

扬子陆块区东南缘碳硅泥岩型铀矿床与断陷红盆控矿机制

扬子陆块区东南缘是碳硅泥岩型铀矿床的重要矿集区,其中沉积一外生改造型和沉积一热液叠加改造型铀矿床均分布在断陷红盆边缘或附近。通过红盆与碳硅泥岩型铀矿床分布规律的研究,提出了碳硅泥岩型铀矿床与红盆边缘断裂的沟通效应和控矿机制,旨在强调红盆在找矿实践中的权重。     

Intensification of the East Asian Monsoon in Southern China at about 300–400 kaBP Inferred from Eolian Deposits in the Middle-lower Reaches of the Yangtze River

In the East Asian monsoon region,eolian deposits widely distributed in the middle-lower reaches of the Yantgze River are among the best materials available for studies on Quaternary climate change in the subtropical zone of Southern China.Typical eolian deposits in this region include upper Xiashu Loess(XL) and underlying Vermiculated Red Soil(VRS) layers.In this paper,chronological and paleoclimatic studies are conducted on an eolian deposit sequence near Jiujiang(JJ) city in northern Jiangxi province.A magnetostratigraphic study,combined with optically stimulated luminescence(OSL) dating,is conducted on the JJ section and provides further evidence that eolian deposits in the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River have been formed since the late Early Pleistocene,and that the boundary age between the XL and VRS layers is about 300-400 kaBP.In grain-size records of the JJ section,the median grain-size and content of the 30 μm size fraction increase sharply after 300-400 kaBP,representing an East Asian winter monsoon intensification event.Further pollen analysis reveals differing pollen assemblages before and after 300-400 kaBP:there is an evident increase in plants adapted to grow in a warm humid environment after 300-400 kaBP,implying an increase in precipitation caused by intensification of the East Asian summer monsoon.Global ice volume and uplift of the Tibet Plateau(TP) are regarded as crucial factors influencing variations of the East Asian monsoon on a long-term scale.The deep-sea δ~(18)O record,which reflects variations in global ice volume,shows no obvious change after 300-400 kaBP.Moreover,the influence of global ice volume changes on the East Asian summer and winter monsoons is inverse;the global ice volume increase(decrease) implies a strengthened(weakened) winter monsoon and weakened(strengthened) summer monsoon.We therefore interpret the coupled intensifications of the East Asian summer and winter monsoons at about 300-400 kaBP to the uplift of the TP in the Middle Pleistocene.This climate event is also documented in eolian deposits from the southern margin of the Chinese Loess Plateau(CLP) and from the desert-loess transitional belt.However,it is not recorded in the loess-paleosol sequences from the central part of the CLP,thereby indicating differing climate responses to TP uplift in different regions,which requires further study.     

西藏得几蛇绿岩体中玻安岩的地球化学特征及其地质意义

西藏日喀则蛇绿岩是我国发育最好的蛇绿岩之一，目前有关日喀则蛇绿岩形成的构造背景存在多种不同的认识。作者在研究得几蛇绿岩剖面时发现存在玻安岩，从而为日喀则蛇绿岩具有弧前背景提供了直接证据。得几蛇绿岩中玻安岩类样品具有高硅、高镁、低铁的特征，岩石中Zr、Yb和Y的含量也较低，具有明显的玻安岩特征。根据这些岩石的地球化学性质，认为岩石是由早期经历过较高程度的部分熔融的残余在含水条件下再发生部分熔融形成的。得几蛇绿杂岩体部分形成于弧前环境。     

陕西金矿床类型及其找矿方向

通过对陕西金矿资源的分析、总结,将陕西金矿成因类型划分为7类14亚类;与金矿有关的成矿系列划分为3个矿床成矿系列组合,7个成矿系列类型,10个成矿系列和4个亚系列;金矿床空间分布严格受隐伏基底和出露基底,隐伏岩体、重磁吻合构造,构造和成矿时代的控制;与金成矿有关的Ⅲ级成矿区(带)有4条,有关的Ⅳ级成矿区(带)有10条,有关的Ⅴ级主要金成矿区(带)有16条;提出了金矿新的找矿方向,为今后本区金矿地质找矿的新突破提供信息.     

基于变动范围法(RVA)的信江水文改变及生态流量研究

选择信江下游梅港站1950~2010年日径流量,根据流域大型水库界牌枢纽运行时间将梅港站径流序列分为建库前(1953~2001)和建库后(2002~2010)两个时段。采用变动范围法(Range of Variability Approach,简称:RVA)分析水库运行对下游梅港站流域生态水文指标改变度,并分析了信江下游生态流量。研究表明:33个水文指标有22个发生中高度改变,11个指标发生低度改变,其水文综合改变度为0.51,属于中度改变;梅港站生态流量值均在RVA阈值内,基本能够保持河流稳定流量,但2月、7~9月及12月河道生态流量大于RVA下限。可适量增大水库下泄水量,降低对下游河段生态系统的威胁。     

铁路交通引起的地面振动荷载确定

随着铁路交通建设的快速发展,铁路交通运行引起的环境振动日益引起人们的关注。为了更好地研究地面振动荷载的特性及其传播规律,根据列车本身的结构和道床结构特性,将钢轨、轨枕、道床以及高出地面部分的路基作为整体,建立车厢-转向架-道床结构体的地面振动荷载二系弹簧计算模型,通过分析现场测试得到的地面振动速度数据和车辆自身的振动情况,并利用傅立叶变换程序FFT对地面振动荷载数据进行傅立叶变换,得到地面振动荷载的数定表达式。     

垃圾渗滤液中溶解有机质与内分泌干扰物的吸附机理

为了调查垃圾渗滤液中的溶解有机质(DOM) 及内分泌干扰物(EEDs) 的相互作用机理, 在实验室条件下研究了DOM对EEDs如双酚A (BPA)、雌二醇(E₂)和雌酮(E₁) 的吸附等温线, 并通过FTIR、1HNMR和ESR技术, 分析了DOM与EEDs的吸附机理.结果表明, 垃圾渗滤液中DOM对3种EEDs的吸附等温线符合Freundlich方程, 并且可用DOM与EEDs的吸附常数Kf预测EEDs的辛醇/水分配系数(K_ow) 或有机碳分配系数(K_doc), 其中直线回归方程为: lgK_doc=2.062K_f-5.065 (R₂=0.9958, P=0.041 < 0.05).分析也表明DOM吸附EEDs的吸附过程至少存在离子键、共价键和电荷转移等多种吸附机制的协同作用.      

某水电站防渗墙深度对围堰渗流特性及地震稳定性影响的计算研究

以一个特定工程为背景,数值分析研究了防渗墙深度对围堰渗流特性及边坡在地震条件下的稳定性的影响,并比较分析了封闭式防渗墙和悬挂式防渗墙条件下渗流特性和地震稳定性的差异。研究表明,封闭式防渗墙可以有效控制渗流场,并对边坡稳定产生积极影响。     

全国碳硅泥岩型铀矿资源潜力评价

基于对海相碳硅泥岩含铀建造形成构造环境、成矿规律的系统研究,笔者提出中国碳硅泥岩型铀矿床形成的4种成矿体系类型：陆缘裂谷成矿体系、陆缘裂陷深断裂带成矿体系、陆块边缘陆缘盆地体系及陆缘活动带断陷台沟成矿体系;指出中国碳硅泥岩型铀矿的大规模成矿作用受控于陆缘裂谷和陆缘裂陷成矿环境下形成、伴随海底喷流作用和海底火山喷发而沉积的海相碳硅泥岩富铀建造。依据大型矿集区铀资源评价预测特征参数群,文章通过建立重点矿集区碳硅泥岩型铀矿资源矿集带预测评价判据和成矿预测体系,对中国碳硅泥岩型铀矿资源潜力进行总体评价。