辽宁兴城地区岩石光谱测试及特征分析

在辽宁兴城野外实习基地采用ASD光谱仪完成不同岩石样品光谱测试的基础上, 分析了不同类型、不同地质时代的岩浆岩和沉积岩, 及其风化面和新鲜面的光谱曲线特征。兴城野外不同岩浆岩与沉积岩光谱曲线形态相似, 新鲜面和风化面的特征光谱吸收位置相差不大, 但新鲜面的反射率普遍高于风化面的反射率;岩浆岩和沉积岩样品一般在波长为900 nm左右存在铁离子吸收谷;除了在1 400 nm和1 900 nm处有水汽吸收带外, 岩浆岩和沉积岩样品在2 200 nm左右还存在强吸收谷, 而灰岩在2 300 nm左右有比较高的吸收谷, 这也是利用实测光谱进行岩性分类的理论基础。但是, 不同地质年代下的岩石光谱曲线变化并无规律, 更多地与岩石结构、成分和环境因素等相关。这样, 岩石光谱测试及其特征分析可满足研究区岩性识别、矿化蚀变信息提取的需要。     

Muenzhigraptus Zhao et Zhang的一些构造特征

应用光学显微镜及扫描电镜对Ｍｕｅｎｚｈｉｇｒａｐｔｕｓ一属的一些构造进行研究发现，在其原胎管和线管壁上均发育有纵脊，线管纵脊是原胎管纵脊向线管的延伸，纵脊的形成晚于原胎管壁及线管壁的形成。Ｍｕｅｎｚｈｉｇｒａｐｔｕｓ的副胞管呈简单管状，随着正胞管在笔石体始部呈末端孤立至笔石体末部变为直管状无孤立部分，相应地，副胞管在笔石体始部至末部绕过正胞管背缘弯曲生长逐渐转为直管状     

Acanthomorph Biostratigraphic Succession of the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation in the East Yangtze Gorges, South China

Large acanthomorphic acritarchs have been found in chert of the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation at several localities in South China, including the East Yangtze Gorges of Hubei Province, Weng’an area of Guizhou Province, and elsewhere. However, their potential for biostratigraphic subdivision and correlation of Ediacaran successions is limited by facies control, taphonomic biases, and taxonomic problems. In the Yangtze Gorges, the Doushantuo Formation is generally subdivided into four lithologic members. However, in the Weng’an area, the Doushantuo Formation comprises just a lower and upper part separated by a mid-Doushantuo erosional surface. In the Yangtze Gorges at the Zhangcunping section, the Doushantuo succession is similar to that at Weng’an. So far, the correlation between the Yangtze Gorges and Weng’an area, and elsewhere has been an issue of debate. To resolve the debate, we selected eight sections in the Yangtze Gorges area and systemically sampled chert nodules of the Doushantuo Formation, focusing in particular on the upper Doushantuo Formation. Our data confirm two different assemblages appearing separately in the second and third members, which are separated by a negative δ13C excursion (EN2). The lower assemblage is characterized by Tianzhushania and a diverse suite of large acanthomorphic acritarchs. The upper assemblage is distinguished from the lower assemblage, by (1) absence of Tianzhushania; (2) occurrence of abundant, 100–150 μm, smooth-walled spherical microfossils; (3) occurrence of highly diverse acanthomorphic acritarchs including species extending from the second member and new forms in this member; (4) occurrence of unnamed new forms of protist; and (5) occurrence of the tubular microfossil Sinocyclocylicus guizhouensis. Since the Tianzhushania-dominated assemblage is not present in Australia, it seems that only the upper acanthomorph assemblage is present and thus the lower Doushantuo acanthomorph assemblage is missing in Australia.     

New Data of Phosphatized Acritarchs from the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation at Weng＇an, Guizhou Province, Southwest China

Abundant phosphatized acritarchs are preserved in the late Precambrian （Ediacaran） Doushantuo Formation at Weng＇an, Guizhou Province, southwest China. Most of them are large with various spinous ornaments and multilayered outer walls. The general characters of these fossils are quite similar to those found from the homochronous deposits of the Yangtze Gorges, southern China. Therefore the Doushantuo Formation in the Weng＇an area can be correlated directly with the Doushantuo Formation of the Yangtze Gorges. Four species in four genera, including two new genera, two new species and one uncertain species are systematically described for the first time from the studied locality. The taxa are Bacatisphaera baokangensis Zhou, Brasier et Xue, 2001, Taeniosphaera doushantuoensis gen. et sp. nov., Rugospinasphaera speciosa gen. et sp. nov. and Meghystichosphaeridium sp. The new data enriches the famous Weng＇an biota, especially the marine microplankton flora in the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation.     

贵州乌江流域植被NPP的时空分布及其对气候变化的响应

基于MODIS/NDVI数据和贵州省地面气象观测资料,估算了2000—2020年贵州乌江流域的植被净初级生产力(NPP),采用相关分析、多元线性回归等方法,对流域植被NPP的时空分布特征及其对气候变化的响应关系进行研究,结果表明：(1)近21 a贵州乌江流域植被NPP呈显著增加的趋势,平均每10 a增长率为74 g·C·m^-2。流域内植被NPP的空间分布不均匀,大部分地区在780 g·C·m^-2以上。(2)植被NPP与气温、日照时数具有显著的相关性。在NPP与气温的相关系数空间分布中,流域大部分地区以正相关为主,显著正相关区占到流域面积的69.98%。NPP与日照时数的相关性中,空间分布以正相关为主,其中显著正相关分布较为零散,主要集中在流域中南部和下游中部地区,西部和下游的南北部为负相关。NPP与降水的相关系数空间分布上仍然以正相关为主,显著正相关主要出现在西部边缘、中部和下游南北部地区,而负相关分布在流域的西南部、下游中北部地区。(3)植被NPP与不同气候因子的响应关系中,人类活动的影响作用显著并且具有差异性。此外,该文基于气候因子尝试建...     

新疆阿克苏地区寒武纪幸运期早期小壳化石

本文报道新疆阿克苏地区寒武纪幸运期最早期的小壳化石组合。化石产自玉尔吐斯组底部,包括：Protohertzina anabarica Missarzhevsky, 1973、Protohertzina unguliformis Missarzhevsky, 1973、Anabarites trisulcatus Voronova and Missarzhevsky, 1969、Anabarites ternarius Missarzhevsky in Rozanov et al., 1969、Cambrotubulus decurvatus Missarzhevsky in Rozanov et al., 1969、Olivooides sp.、Kaiyangites novilis Qian and Yin, 1984以及海绵骨针化石。据此可以在新疆阿克苏地区玉尔吐斯组下部建立Anabarites trisulcatus-Protohertzina unguliformis组合带。该组合带下界以Anabarites trisulcatus、Protohertzina ungulifo...     

Tectonic Characteristics and Evolution of Bohai Bay Basin,China

Synthetical analyzing the deep geophysical data within Bohai bay basin the authors detect the deep crustal struc-ture presenting high geothermal flux, thinned crust and arched Moho discontinuity, and the basin basement belongs to rigid continental crust. The development of the basin was controlled by two - dimensional faults in NNE and NWW directions. The tectonic units of the basin can be subdivided into three structural divisions: the east, middle and west division. The basin is considered as a continental rift. The tectonic background and regional right條ateral stress field during the late Cretaceous and Paleogene were a compound result of the Kula Plate W-directional subducting under Eurasia Continental Plate in 80-74Ma and the Philippine sea Plate W-directional subducting under the Eurasia Continental Plate since 60Ma, the long -rang effect of the India Continental Plate wedging into the Eurasia Continental Plate and of the Siberia Plate SE梔irectional relatively moving.     

西天山大哈拉军山组火山岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄及其构造意义

新疆早石炭世大哈拉军山组火山岩由西向东表现出由早到晚的演化规律。伊宁县博尔博松河孟玛热勒林场附近大哈拉军山组底部的英安质晶屑岩屑凝灰岩的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为359±2Ma,表明西天山西段该组底界时代为晚泥盆世末期—早石炭世之间。岩石地球化学数据统计表明,大哈拉军山组火山岩主要受岩浆结晶分异作用控制,是泥盆纪末期—石炭纪时期洋壳消减、壳幔混熔的产物。其岩石组成、时空分布的变化与天山洋由西向东的俯冲―碰撞过程相对应,不需要对其进行解体。     

一种基于点云数据的建筑物平面精细分割方法

针对现有大规模点云数据平面特征分割方法中存在的错误识别、效率低、抗噪性差等问题,该文提出一种基于2D霍夫变换和八叉树的建筑物平面精细分割方法。该方法首先,对原始点云进行空间均匀降采样并向X-Y面投影,利用改进的2D霍夫变换算法提取投影后的点云线段,使用选权迭代法精确计算线段所在直线的方程及端点坐标,进一步确定立面的空间几何方程;接下来,建立原始点云数据的八叉树结构,利用端点坐标设计立方体并分割出立方体内的立面点云;最后,将立面点云从原始点云中剔除,对余下点云降采样并向X-Z面投影,重复以上过程分割水平面点云。试验验证了该文方法对建筑物面状特征分割的有效性。