吉林省中部晚三叠世—早侏罗世火山事件地层划分刍议

根据不同比例尺的区域地质调查成果以及综合研究资料,吉林省中部早中生代火山事件地层可初步作如下划分:晚三叠大酱缸组沉积期自早而晚有:星星哨火山事件(229.5～227.5 Ma),官马火山事件(222±10)Ma,西土山火山事件(210±19)Ma;早侏罗世板石顶子组沉积期有:双丫子东山火山事件(195.04±5.01)Ma,官马金矿火山事件(193.6 Ma);早侏罗世太阳岭组沉积期有:未命名火山事件1(188.0±19.0)Ma,未命名火山事件2(184.0±1.1)Ma,北大湖火山事件(179.4±1.1)Ma,二道沟火山事件(174.0±34)Ma。     

甘肃金川铜镍矿床Ⅰ矿区深部边部地质-地电化学-地球物理多元信息成矿预测

在综合研究分析金川铜镍矿区前人资料的基础上,经现场地质调查、收集地质资料,总结了矿区的成矿规律,有针对性地在Ⅰ矿区的北东侧开展了地质-地球电化学-地球物理多元信息的深部边部成矿预测。根据地电化学数据的统计结果,对矿区元素共生组合和成矿作用、成矿期次等地球化学特征进行了探讨,以此确定了地电化学综合异常;在掌握矿区岩石、矿石物性特征的情况下,通过地球物理勘探推测在Ⅰ号矿体与F1断裂之间存在一隐伏的超基性岩体。最终对矿区进行地质-地电化学-地球物理特征的综合分析,圈定了测区的找矿远景区。     

Stratigraphy and Geochronology of Vertebrate Fossil‐Bearing Jurassic Strata from Linglongta,Jianchang County,Western Liaoning,Northeastern China

Northeastern China contains widely distributed Jurassic terrestrial strata that have yielded many spectacular mammal and pterosaur fossils, in addition to feathered dinosaur fossils and more recent discoveries from Jianchang, particularly from western Liaoning. However, the fossil-bearing stratigraphic succession, regional correlation, and age estimates of the fossils found in Jianchang County and nearby areas have been contentious. Here, we report on the vertebrate fossil-bearing Jurassic stratigraphy from Linglongta, Jianchang County, western Liaoning, including a SHRIMP U-Pb zircon date unambiguously associated with the fossil horizons. The primary goal was to determine the vertebrate fossil-bearing succession. A further aim was to provide age estimations for the fossil-bearing horizon as well as the earliest appearance of feathered dinosaurs, the eutherian–placental clade, and transitional pterosaurs. Field investigations showed that the vertebrate fossil-bearing stratigraphic succession in Jianchang County mainly consists of basal andesites overlain by rhythmic tuffs and tuffaceous lacustrine sediments, with the upper intermediate or acidic lavas interbedded with laminated more or less tuffaceous lacustrine deposits. This sequence correlates well with the Middle Jurassic Lanqi/Tiaojishan Formation in northeastern China. Detailed and accurate field observations showed that the well-preserved vertebrate fossils were buried in either the middle or the upper fine-grained laminated lacustrine deposits. Previous and current SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dates provide an age estimation of 161–159 Myr for the fossil-bearing horizon and vertebrates. This indicates that the earliest appearance of feathered dinosaurs here was more than 159 Myr ago and unquestionably older than Archaeopteryx from Germany, making these the earliest known feathered dinosaurs in the world. Furthermore, the eutherian–placental clade and the known transitional pterosaurs first emerged no later than 161 Myr. The vertebrate assemblage unearthed recently from Linglongta and neighboring areas in Jianchang County belongs to the Daohugou Biota. In addition to feathered dinosaurs, this biota was characterized by mammals, primitive pterosaurs, insects, and plants and was present in Inner Mongolia, western Liaoning, and northern Hebei in northeastern China during the Middle–Late Jurassic.     

Geology and geochronology of the Xilamulun molybdenum metallogenic belt in eastern Inner Mongolia,China

The Xilamulun molybdenum metallogenic belt, located in eastern Inner Mongolia, China, has great economic potential as a major producer of molybdenum. Four major types of Mo deposits have been recognized in the Xilamulun molybdenum metallogenic belt: porphyry, quartz vein, volcanic-hosted, and greisen. These Mesozoic Mo deposits are closely related to Si- and K-rich intrusives and are usually hosted by granite plutons or located at the endo- or exo-contact zones of the granite porphyry. SHRIMP zircon U–Pb dating gives the emplacement ages of the intrusions related to Mo mineralization as 245.1 ± 4.4, 152.4 ± 1.6, and 139.1 ± 2.3 Ma. Re–Os analysis of five molybdenite samples from the Chehugou porphyry Mo deposit yields an isochron age of 245 ± 5 Ma (2σ), indicating that the mineralization age of the porphyry Mo deposit is about 245 Ma. Re–Os analyses of six molybdenite samples from the Nianzigou quartz-vein-type Mo deposit yield an isochron age of 154.3 ± 3.6 Ma (2σ), constraining the mineralization age of the quartz-vein Mo deposit to 154 Ma. Our results suggest that the Mo mineralization in the Xilamulun belt formed during at least three stages, i.e., the Triassic, Late Jurassic, and Early Cretaceous, and is coeval with the granitic magmatism. The corresponding geodynamic background covers the syncollision between the North China and Siberian plates during the Early to Middle Triassic, a compression setting related to the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate during the Jurassic and lithospheric thinning during the Early Cretaceous in eastern China.     

个旧矿区遥感异常信息解译及找矿远景分析

文章以TM多光谱遥感数据为基本信息源,从实际地质情况出发,采用计算机识别和人工判读相结合,对区内的线形、环形构造进行了解译.应用比值 主成分分析的方法对区内热液弱蚀变信息进行了提取.在此基础上,综合利用已知矿床的分布以及遥感构造信息、遥感蚀变晕信息,结合已有的物化探资料,分析出4个找矿远景区.     

湖北徐家山锑矿床铅同位素组成与成矿物质来源探讨

徐家山锑矿床位于湖北省通山县境内,矿体赋存于上震旦统灯影组和陡山沱组地层中.对采自该矿的辉锑矿进行了系统的铅同位素测定.结果表明,在徐家山矿区范围内存在两组明显不同的铅同位素组成:A组206Pb/204Pb为18.874～19.288,207Pb/204Pb为 15.708～15.805, 208Pb/204Pb为38.642～39.001, 为高放射性成因铅;B组以低放射性成因铅为特征,其同位素组成206Pb/204Pb为17.882～18.171,207Pb/204Pb为15.555～15.686,208Pb/204Pb为37.950～38.340.对应地,相关参数也明显不同,如单阶段模式年龄,A组为负值或极小的正值,而B组为636～392 Ma.铅同位素组成与某些相关参数(Δγ与Δβ、V1与V2)之间呈明显线性正相关关系.根据铅构造模式和矿石铅同位素的Δγ-Δβ成因分类图解等综合分析,A组辉锑矿的铅主要来源于赋矿围岩--震旦系海相碳酸盐岩,B组主要来源于赋矿围岩的下伏基底碎屑岩--中元古界冷家溪群浅变质岩系.研究结果不支持前人沉积-改造成因的观点,成矿物质是多来源的,部分成矿物质来自基底地层.     

大兴安岭白音诺尔铅锌矿控矿构造研究与找矿预测

成矿物质来源及控矿因素是矿床学研究的前沿课题。过去人们认为成矿物质主要源于含矿围岩的萃取。因此,找矿重点是寻找矿源层。但是,更多的事实表明,成矿物质主要来自深源,通过地幔热柱多级演化迁移至地壳,并在幔枝构造较好的控矿构造空间聚集成矿。本文探讨了大兴安岭中南段的成矿作用,总结了该区的主要控矿构造,指出了不同级别构造对成矿的控制作用,并预测了不同级别的成矿靶区。     

光释光测年中石英样品提纯方法的改进

为了解决光释光前处理中遇到的传统方法无法获得满足纯度石英的问题,通过大量对比实验,结合玻璃工艺中石英分离研究成果,最后获得了新的石英提纯流程,与传统方法相比,新方法通过化学分离避免了密度变化对石英长石分离的影响,从而解决了斜长石和岩屑在传统的重液分离中无法剔除的问题,新方法能够获得满足纯度要求和量要求的石英,同时,新方法比传统方法实验室工作效率更高。     

溶质势对地表蒸发速率的影响

针对盐碱化土壤地表蒸发速率研究的不足,以表层土壤为研究对象,采用土壤蒸发试验和数学模型相结合的方法分析了溶质势对地表蒸发速率的影响。结果表明:当土壤中盐分没有沉淀结晶时,溶质势是盐分引起地表蒸发速率降低的主要原因;溶质势越低,蒸发速率下降比例越大,该下降比例与溶质势有近似线性关系,但同时还受到空气温度与相对湿度、土壤温度以及土壤基质势等因素的影响;当表层土壤存在水盐补给时,地表蒸发速率总是变化趋向于水分补给速率,但含盐土壤蒸发速率变化较慢,而且若补给水分中含盐,那么其稳定蒸发速率会低于水分补给速率。     

GIS和数值模拟技术在边坡工程中的应用评述

边坡工程受诸多因素影响,传统的稳定性评价方法具有一定的局限性.在简要介绍边坡工程稳定性评价方法的基础上,分别总结和分析GIS和数值模拟技术在边坡工程中的应用.介绍两者相互耦合的方法及其在边坡工程稳定性评价中的应用现状,并指出其发展趋势.