地震数据模型优化过程方法及初步应用

由于地震数据种类繁多且数量不断增大,使得地震数据共享和数据服务面临的困难越来越大.针对这个问题,提出了基于PowerDesigner建模工具对已有的地震数据模型进行优化的过程方法.并将此方法初步应用于现有的1/400万活动断层GIS数据库中,针对该库目前存在的问题,实现了对断层数据模型的优化,结合具体的实例,应用了优化...     

缅甸兰里岛泥火山灾害与成因机制探讨

文中主要探讨缅甸兰里岛泥火山灾害与成因机制,结合兰里岛地质背景以及泥火山活动现状,对在兰里岛东北部、中部以及西部所取3个泥火山采样点的样品进行粒度分析以及显微形貌分析,发现样品粒度在1～100μm之间,均呈单峰正态分布,粒径中值相近,粒度分布集中,分选较差,粒度对称程度呈很正偏态;样品基质以泥质为主含有大量泥质碎屑、细...     

各向异性矿化特征的分析与模拟 及其在储量估算中的应用

矿化作用往往是地质事件及局部过程共同作用的结果,导致矿体空间形态复杂多变、矿石品位呈各向异性、尺度不一的非线性空间变异模式.传统方法无论是在矿石量的计算方面还是在矿块内平均品位的确定上都存在多种误差,并且无法实现信息的动态管理及直观表达.文章以安庆铜矿中心矿区为例,采用对数块kriging与三维地学模拟技术相结合的方法...     

岩石滞后非线性弹性响应的物理模型

介绍了岩石滞后非线性弹性的几个物理模型。赫兹颗粒接触模型是具有多尺度和滞后特性的经典模型,它预测了岩石中强烈的非线性;软的粘结系统几乎决定了岩石的力学性质,粘结系统中的流体对非线性响应的贡献特别显著,但是目前还没有搞清楚粘结系统和孔隙流体究竟是如何影响非线性响应的;GL模型是一个基于金属位错的物理模型,这是滞后动力行为方面一个开拓性的微观模型;PM模型是一个基于岩石细观尺度的唯象模型,它对理解岩石滞后非线性的机制和尺度是很重要的。     

滆湖底质特性对菹草(Potamogeton crispus)和伊乐藻(Elodeanattalii)生长的影响

通过模拟试验,研究滆湖3种沉积物(表层湖泥、硬底湖泥、表层覆岸泥)对菹草和伊乐藻生长的影响.结果表明,生长于表层湖泥、硬底湖泥、表层覆岸泥的菹草和伊乐藻生物量分别为4.07、1.98、3.69kg/m2和1.86、1.27、1.74kg/m2,表层湖泥较适合这两种沉水植物生长.3种沉积物对菹草和伊乐藻的干湿比影响显著,...     

基于模型正演的折射静校正方法研究与应用

随着地震勘探区域地质条件复杂化,静校正在资料处理中的作用日显重要.本文模拟研究了折射渡在不同地质条件中的特性,完成了正演模型下的折射波静校正量计算,并将静校正后记录与理论模型记录对比,分析该方法的准确性,总结折射波静校正方法的技术难点,提出一种更准确优越的解决方法.最后,运用该方法选取最合理的参数,并配合先进的处理软件...     

A Method of Initial Vortex Relocation and Numerical Simulation Experiments on Tropical Cyclone Track

Using the technique of smooth filtering and cylindrical filtering, the initial vortex circulation and large-scale environmental field were separated from the background field. Then the separated initial vortex circulation was translated and reinserted in the location where it was observed. This led to the determination of a method of initial vortex relocation. For seven tropical cyclones at 23 points of measurement time in the years of 2006 and 2007, two schemes, either directly adding a tropical cyclone bogus model in the background or adding it after the relocation of the initial vortex in the background field, were employed. Simulation experiments were compared. The results showed that the mean errors of the simulated tropical cyclone tracks at 24 and 48 hours were both smaller with the scheme of adding tropical cyclone bogus model after the relocation of the initial vortex in the background field. The relocation method of the initial vortex decreases the error caused by the deviation of the initial tropical cyclone location in tropical cyclone models. The relocation method is conducive to improving the track forecast of tropical cyclone models and has a good perspective for operational application.     

渤海西岸边界层东风与暴雪天气的机理分析

2008年12月20—21日和2010年1月3日天津地区分别出现了历史同期罕见的暴雪天气。为了提高对这种极端天气发生机理的认识,利用多种资料对这两次天气过程进行了分析。结果表明：两次暴雪过程均属于回流型降雪,但环流形势和影响系统的演变却不尽相同。影响系统分别为高空横槽（高空槽）、850 hPa切变（850 hPa低涡切变）和地面倒槽（地面气旋）,水汽源自700 hPa西南气流和边界层东风的水汽输送。由于两次过程均与边界层东风相伴,特别对渤海西岸边界层东风对降雪天气的影响和作用进行探讨,表明偏东风不仅为本地输送一定量级的水汽,同时这种具有冷湿特征的东风还会与内陆具有暖湿结构的偏南风形成地面辐合线,加强地面的动力抬升作用,产生上升运动,有利于雨雪天气的加强和维持,因此可以认为边界层东风对暴雪的发生发展起到了显著的作用。     

Mechanism of strata deformation under protective seam and its application for relieved methane control

In this paper, an equation correlated with normal stress and permeability was developed and FLAC^3D software was used to investigate the rock mass stress evolution and distribution to understand the methane flow characteristics. Research results show that the rock mass under the protective coal seam can be divided into three belts (zones) in the vertical direction, including total de-stressed belt, vertical de-stressed belt and original stress belt. Methane in the total de-stressed belt can flow into the working face of protective coal seam by its own pressure gradient. Methane in the vertical de-stressed belt can only be extracted by boreholes. In the horizontal direction, the rock mass was also divided into five zones, including original zone, compression zone, expansion zone, recovering zone and re-compacted zone, which have been proved correct by the field experiments. The rock mass permeability in the de-stressed belts doesn't increase until stepping into the expansion zone, and from then on higher concentration of methane can be extracted. The methane in original regions is difficult to extract because rock stresses stay the same. The division of “three belts and five zones” reveals the rock mass stress and permeability distribution and evolution and supplies theoretical guidance for relieved methane control.     

微束分析技术在研究伴生金元素赋存状态中的应用

运用微束分析技术扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及其配套的背散射电子像功能,特征X射线线扫描、面扫描功能,能谱仪(EDAX)鉴定功能,观察里伍铜矿矿石中纳米级至微米级的伴生金(超微细金)矿物,获取其形貌照片、能谱图和定性定量分析结果,得到了清晰的金元素及与其共生的元素线、面分布图像,查明了里伍铜矿中的金元素是以类质同象的形式分布于含银的铋矿物和金银矿中,含银的铋矿物和金银矿分布在黄铜矿与磁黄铁矿的裂隙中及含锰的铁闪锌矿中,排除了基体成分的干扰,载金矿物颗粒至少大于20 nm。该方法操作简便,过程简单,分析结果直观、可靠,提高了研究伴生金元素赋存状态的效率。测试的样品为里伍铜矿热液型矿石,经分析形成于燕山中晚期(104～142.2 Ma),为局部构造运动和岩浆期后热液使成矿元素再富集成矿的地质产物,晚于主成矿期——燕山中期。里伍铜矿中Ag和Au的质量比值为1.38～4.59,推测伴生金的成矿温度应小于或等于227℃。里伍铜矿在成矿过程中至少经历了早期的中高温热液阶段和晚期的中低温热液阶段,早期大量硫化物的析出和晚期中低温绿泥石、绢云母矿物的大量出现也证实了这一过程的存在。