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881.
利用Delft3D数学模型建立了平潭综合实验区近岸海域物质输运数学模型,模拟了澳前、海坛海峡北、海坛海峡南、流水、竹屿5个排污口在不同污水排放量下COD、无机氮浓度的分布.结果表明:在污水排放规模为3.0×10^4t/d时,竹屿排污口邻近海域海水COD、无机氮质量浓度分别为3.80、0.51mg/dm3,流水排污口邻近海域海水COD、无机氮质量浓度分别为3.60、0.42mg/dm3,都超过二类海水水质标准值,表明这2个海域水动力条件较弱、污染物扩散缓慢,不是理想的排污口.在污水排放量为1.5×10^5t/d时,海坛海峡北排污口邻近海域海水COD、无机氮质量浓度分别为1.87、0.28mg/dm3,海坛海峡南排污口邻近海域海水COD、无机氮质量浓度分别为1.84、0.27mg/dm3;澳前排污口在污水排放量为5.0×10^5t/d时,其邻近海域海水COD、无机氮质量浓度分别为2.48、0.28mg/dm3,均符合二类海水水质要求,表明上述海域水动力条件良好、纳污能力强、环境容量大,是较好的污水排放口.该研究可为平潭综合实验区海域污水排放口选址优化提供科学依据,为该海域入海污染物总量控制和海洋环境管理提供参考. 相似文献
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In nature selenate reduction and nitrate denitrification both follow a similar biogeo-chemical mechanism.It has been proved that abiotic stresses such as alternative drying and wetting can exert an important influence on nitrate denitrification as well as on selenate reduction.Our experimental results lend great support to the above conclusion. 相似文献
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一种大气污染物干沉积速率的计算方法及其应用 总被引:11,自引:2,他引:11
介绍了一种计算大气污染物干沉积速率的方法。这种方法详细地考虑了植物生理特征和冠层内湍流结构对干沉积的影响,考虑了3层覆盖物对表面阻抗的影响,通过计算7个不同的阻抗因子获得干沉积速率。利用该方法计算了农田下垫面上7种不同大气污染物沉积的表面阻抗和江西(鹰洋)红壤典型地区农田下垫面上的二氧化硫(SO2)和硫酸盐(SO4^2—)的干沉积速率,估算了大气硫输入农田生态系统的干沉积通量,并与其他方法作了定量比较。结果表明:农田下垫面上SO2与SO4^2—的干沉积速率平均值分别为0.31cm/s,0.20cm/s;干沉积速率具有明显的日变化特征,一般白天大于夜间,中午时分出现最大值;月际变化也较明显,在冬季有大值;大气硫输入农田生态系统的全年干沉积通量为7.35g/m^2。 相似文献
887.
WATANABE Masataka WANG Qinxue HAYASHI Seiji MURAKAMI ShogoLIU Jiyuan OUYANG Zhu LI Yan LI Yingnian WANG Kelin 《地理学报》2005,15(2):131-141
The Integrated Environmental Monitoring (IEM) project, part of the Asia-Pacific Environmental Innovation Strategy (APEIS) project, developed an integrated environmental monitoring system that can be used to detect, monitor, and assess environmental disasters, degradation, and their impacts in the Asia-Pacific region. The system primarily employs data from the moderate resolution imaging spectrometer (MODIS) sensor on the Earth Observation System- (EOS-) Terra/Aqua satellite, as well as those from ground observations at five sites in different ecological systems in China. From the preliminary data analysis on both annual and daily variations of water, heat and CO2 fluxes, we can confirm that this system basically has been working well. The results show that both latent flux and CO2 flux are much greater in the crop field than those in the grassland and the saline desert, whereas the sensible heat flux shows the opposite trend. Different data products from MODIS have very different correspondence, e.g. MODIS-derived land surface temperature has a close correlation with measured ones, but LAI and NPP are quite different from ground measurements, which suggests that the algorithms used to process MODIS data need to be revised by using the local dataset. We are now using the APEIS-FLUX data to develop an integrated model, which can simulate the regional water, heat, and carbon fluxes. Finally, we are expected to use this model to develop more precise high-order MODIS products in Asia-Pacific region. 相似文献
888.
珠江三角洲经济区河水中微量元素的空间分布 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
在珠江三角洲经济区采集了29个河水样品,利用高分辨率仪器ICP MS测量了河水中微量元素的含量。结果表明,河水中稀土元素的平均含量按西江、北江、珠三角河、深圳河、东江的顺序呈增加趋势;珠三角河及深圳河具有较高重金属含量,西江和北江中重金属含量相对较低,东江居中。经分析发现,珠江三角洲经济区河水中微量元素的空间分布特征是自然条件和人类活动共同作用的结果;自然环境对稀土元素的空间分布起主要作用;人类活动是影响重金属分布特征不可忽视的重要因素。 相似文献
889.
Soil is the largest carbon pool of terrestrial ecosystem, and its carbon content accounts for two thirds of the whole terrestrial ecosystem (Schlesinger, 1990). The soil organic matter (SOM) content and turnover rate exert impacts directly on the terrestrial ecosystem and global carbon cycles. Nitrogen is the main limiting factor constraining the plant growth (Vitousek etal., 1997; Pamela etal., 2002). Changes of the nitrogen content will change the microbial respiration through changing the… 相似文献
890.
Based on more than 300 forest sample plots surveying data and forestry statistical data, remote sensing information from the NOAA AVHRR database and the daily meteorological data of 300 stations, we selected vigor, organization and resilience as the indicators to assess large-scale forest ecosystem health in China and analyzed the spatial pattern of forest ecosystem health and influencing factors. The results of assessment indicated that the spatial pattern of forest ecosystem health showed a decreasing trend along latitude gradients and longitude gradients. The healthy forests are mainly distributed in natural forests, tropical rainforests and seasonal rainforests; secondarily orderly in northeast national forest zone, subtropical forest zonation and southwest forest zonation; while the unhealthy forests were mainly located in warm temperate zone and Xinjiang-Mongolia forest zone. The coefficient of correction between Forest Ecosystem Health Index (FEHI) and annual average precipitation was 0.58 (p<0.01), while the coefficient of correlation between FEHI and annual mean temperatures was 0.49 (p<0.01), which identified that the precipitation and temperatures affect the pattern of FEHI, and the precipitation's effect was stronger than the temperature's. We also measured the correlation coefficient between FEHI and NPP, biodiversity and resistance, which were 0.64, 0.76 and 0.81 (p<0.01) respectively. The order of effect on forest ecosystem health was vigor, organization and resistance. 相似文献