GPS CORS系统实时定位精度检测方法探讨

GPS连续运行参考站系统(CORS)的实时动态定位(RTK)精度是用户最关心的内容.简要介绍了影响系统定位精度的主要因素,对GPS CORS系统的实时定位精度测试方法进行了探讨,并对几种测试方法进行了分析和比较.工程试验结果表明:综合使用几种方法,可以较全面、有效地检测GPS CORS系统的实时定位精度.     

边界层风廓线仪多普勒频谱高度图综合应用初探

文章介绍了边界层风廓线仪多普勒频谱高度图的原理,并且给出了无降水、有降水、降雪、速度折叠、地物杂波、外界信号干扰等典型的多普勒频谱高度图型。研究发现,多普勒频谱高度图除了可以从中提取测风产品所需的数据外,该在线显示的图形还实时提供了许多其他潜在的气象信息,并可用于：连续监视测站上空天气;提前了解测站上空风的垂直切变;发现并确定降水起始时间;在线估测风向风速;实时判别降水云底高度和0°层的范围;验证和解释风羽剖面图产品中的奇异现象;帮助固定和移动风廓线仪选址;诊断风廓线仪系统故障;评价风廓线仪系统软/硬件性能优劣等。文章指出：深入发掘边界层风廓线仪在降水天气系统中进行高时间密度探测的潜力,使得它可以晴雨两用,对今后将边界层风廓线仪配备到一般气象观测站,提高单站天气监测/预警能力和开展精细化天气预报意义深远。文章还对当前商业化的边界层风廓线仪提出了具体的改进意见,以满足频谱在线分析的需要。     

Analysis on multiple scattering by an arbitrary configuration of piles as barriers for vibration isolation

By introducing the multiple scattering of acoustic or electromagnetic waves by an arbitrary configuration of parallel cylinders, a new formal solution that is different from the traditional ones to solve the problem of plane elastic waves scattering by cylindrical solid piles as barriers for environmental vibration isolation has been established. The first order of scattering is generated from the excitation of each pile by incident waves, and the second order is resulted from the excitation of each pile by the first order of scattering induced by remaining piles. The rest to an infinite can be executed in the same manner. Suppose that each order of scattering satisfies continuity boundary conditions at the surface of each pile, the undetermined scattering coefficients would be figured out ultimately. By introducing the normalized displacement amplitude and transmissibility indices, some properties of vibration isolation by single or multi-row of piles are analyzed. Influences of specific parameters such as scattering orders, separations between piles and pile rows, normalized frequencies, number of piles, etc. are investigated. Several instructive results are derived and recommended for designing piles as barriers for environmental vibration isolation.     

Cosmogenic nuclide burial ages and provenance of Late Cenozoic deposits in the Sichuan Basin: Implications for Early Quaternary glaciations in east Tibet

Collision between the Indian and the Eurasian plates since the early Cenozoic produces one of the world’s most remarkable continental escarpments between the Tibetan Plateau and the adjacent Sichuan Basin. Yet Tertiary sediments are rare in the Sichuan Basin; the oldest preserved Late Cenozoic deposits called Dayi conglomerates directly overlie the Cretaceous or Jurassic red beds. Using cosmogenic ¹⁰Be and ²⁶Al burial dating, we obtain deposition ages of ～2.0 Ma and catchment erosion rates of ～400 mm/ka for the Dayi conglomerates. Zircon U–Pb age distributions suggest derivation of these conglomerates from the Songpan-Ganzi flysch, the Pengguan complex and Late Permian and Triassic granite plutons in the headwater regions of the Min Jiang (Jiang, a Chinese term, means river). The formation of the poorly-sorted, sub-angular to sub-rounded and tens-centimeter-sized deposits in the western margin of the Sichuan Basin, after long distance transportation, is best explained by glacial activity ～2.0 Ma ago in east Tibet.     

Uncertainty assessment for watershed water quality modeling: A Probabilistic Collocation Method based approach

Watershed water quality models are increasingly used in management. However, simulations by such complex models often involve significant uncertainty, especially those for non-conventional pollutants which are often poorly monitored. This study first proposed an integrated framework for watershed water quality modeling. Within this framework, Probabilistic Collocation Method (PCM) was then applied to a WARMF model of diazinon pollution to assess the modeling uncertainty. Based on PCM, a global sensitivity analysis method named PCM-VD (VD stands for variance decomposition) was also developed, which quantifies variance contribution of all uncertain parameters. The study results validated the applicability of PCM and PCM-VD to the WARMF model. The PCM-based approach is much more efficient, regarding computational time, than conventional Monte Carlo methods. It has also been demonstrated that analysis using the PCM-based approach could provide insights into data collection, model structure improvement and management practices. It was concluded that the PCM-based approach could play an important role in watershed water quality modeling, as an alternative to conventional Monte Carlo methods to account for parametric uncertainty and uncertainty propagation.     

复杂退台高位转换高层建筑振动台试验与分析

对一幢具有转换层的复杂退台式框架剪力墙高层建筑的1/35缩尺模型进行了模拟地震振动台试验,深入研究该结构的动力特性和地震反应特征.试验及理论分析表明:该结构的抗震性能基本满足现行规范要求;由于结构上部逐渐退台,因而结构顶部有较明显的鞭端效应;结构首层和结构转换层及其相邻层的剪力墙、转换层上下层柱是受力较大的区域,应当局...     

近断层地震动作用下桥梁结构的组合隔震分析

为改善近断层地震动作用下隔震桥梁结构的抗震性能,基于Benchmark结构振动控制问题,研究附加黏滞阻尼器、磁流变(MR)阻尼器的组合隔震策略.非线性动力分析过程中,优化了黏滞阻尼器的阻尼系数和速度指数,并设计了分散模糊控制器来确定施加给磁流变阻尼器的电压.研究结果表明:采用黏滞阻尼器和磁流变阻尼器可提高隔震桥梁结构在...     

输入界面对地表加速度峰值的影响

为了研究输入界面对地表加速度峰值(Amax)的影响,在研究我国数百个工程场地钻孔资料的基础上,选取和构造了若干有代表性的场地剖面,利用目前工程上广泛应用的场地地震反应分析的一维等效线性化波动方法,计算了4类场地在6种不同强度的地震动输入下的Amax.分析了每类场地的输入界面的改变对Amax的影响,研究结果表明:一般强度...     

黄土室内液化试验饱和方法的研究现状及前景展望

黄土液化是黄土地区的三大典型震害之一,是黄土动力学研究的前沿课题;截至目前,室内动三轴液化试验仍是研究黄土液化的主要方法,而试样饱和度的高低是影响黄土液化试验结果的关键因素;首先从土的性质和饱和的主要指标对砂土和黄土饱和的差异进行了对比,而后通过对现行的主要饱和方法进行了详细的叙述,归纳总结了黄土室内液化试验饱和方法的研究现状,同时结合黄土本身大孔隙、弱胶结的特性,就现行主要饱和方法对黄土饱和的适用性进行了评述,提出了每一方法的优缺点;并结合反压饱和方法在黄土饱和中的应用现状,对该方法在黄土饱和中的应用前景进行了展望.     

抗震设计反应谱的标定方法

抗震设计反应谱是结构抗震设计的主要依据,设计反应谱的标定是确定地震动输入的重要环节。文中详细地总结了设计反应谱标定的基本原理和几种常用的设计反应谱标定方法,介绍了我国建筑抗震设计反应谱参数的确定方法和统一抗震设计反应谱的研究现状及应用前景;对不同设计反应谱标定方法中存在的问题进行了评述;提出抗震设计反应谱标定方法中有待进一步研究的问题。