客家文化地理浅析

客家是我国中原汉族的一个分支,在中原战乱时,从中原迁徙到闽粤赣边区,在与当地原住居民的交流融合为一体后,形成独特的客家民系,从而也生成了所谓的客家文化。即客家文化一方面保留了中原文化主流特征,另一方面又容纳了所在地民族的文化精华。本文从人文地理学角度出发,进一步挖掘客家文化精髓,探讨客家文化地理特征及其形成原因,并提出自己的看法。     

山西大同-阳高6.1级地震前的地电阻率异常

分析了１９８８年１０月１８日山西省大同－阳高Ｍｓ６．１地震前,距震中１５０ｋｍ的内蒙呼和浩特地震台和距震中２５０ｋｍ的内蒙宝昌地震台地电阻率的异常特征,研究了引起地电阻率异常的可能原因,认为这些异常是该次地震的前兆反映。     

反复荷载下钢筋混凝土框架柱抗剪承载力分析

钢筋混凝土框架柱作为高层房屋建筑的主要承重构件,在历次地震中因框架脆性剪切破坏而造成结构严重损坏甚至倒塌的现象十分常见.本文通过分析有关试验资料,提出了钢筋混凝土框架柱塑性铰区剪切强度的计算公式及有关构造措施,以保证框架柱在一定延性条件下具有足够的抗剪强度,实现"强剪弱弯"的抗震设计原则,使抗震设计的框架结构具有足够的强度和良好的延性,以配合混凝土结构设计规范(GBJ10-89)的修订工作.本文的主要结论已被规范(GBJ10-2000)修订所采纳.     

相邻基础施工诱发滑坡机制研究

以省水文二队南部填土边坡为例 ,对边坡滑坡机制进行了研究。结果表明 ,滑坡受地形地貌和物质结构条件控制 ,受相邻基础施工和降雨诱发而形成的滑坡。在此基础上 ,作者提出了滑坡治理措施。     

A HYDROECOLOGICAL STUDY OF EUTROPHIC YONGDING RESERVOIR

The water quality of Yongding Reservoir was evaluated by using aquatic ecological techniques combinedwith chemical and physical methods.Of the 14 biological,chemical and physical parameters examined inthis study,10,including primary productivity and chlorophyll a.were found to exceed the critical levelsfor eutrophic waters.Most of the indicators and Carlson's Comprehensive Trophic State Index(TST)indi-ces indicated that the water quality of the western side of the reservoir was worse than that of the easternside.Polluted water from the Yongding River was considered a main source of pollutants in the reser-voir,while the farming of carp in net cages also contributed to the low water quality.A comparison ofthe water quality data in 1982 and 1988 indicated that the rate of eutrophication of Yongding Reservoir was alarming.     

Conversion rates of surface HOx radicals in Beijing City

Surface OH radical concentration in Beijing City was measured by impregnated filter trapping technique-high performance liquid chromatography (IFT-HPLC). The observed concentration of OH radical showed obvious diurnal and seasonal variations, with maximum readings at noon or afternoon, ∼80×10⁶OH/cm³ in summer and ∼20×10⁶-40×10⁶OH/cm³ in fall. On the basis of measured data, the reaction rates related to the photochemical process of HO_X (OH+HO₂) were derived and characteristics of atmospheric chemical processes in the city were analyzed. The results showed that conversion rates of atmospheric OH and HO₂ in the summer of Beijing City were about 700×10⁶ molecule/(cm³·s) and 600×10⁶molecule/(cm³·s), respectively. And the net production of OH in the air of the city mainly originate from the photolysis of the gaseous HNO₂, and the main sink of OH were the photochemical reactions with VOCs, NO₂, HCHO and CO. It was different from the clean area. Foundation item: Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40075026) Biography: REN xin-rong (1973 -), male, a native of Zhejiang Province, Ph. D., now a postdoctorship in Pennsylvania State University, USA, specialized in the reaction kinetics of atmospheric environment. E-mail: ren@essc.psu.edu     

SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATES OF SYNECHOCOCCUS SPP. GROWTH AND GRAZING MORTALITY RATES IN THE ENGLISH CHANNEL

The marine chroococcoid phycoerythrin-containing Synechococcus spp.cyanobacterium has been impli-cated as a subsetantial component of the photosynthetic picoplankton in the ocean. Although its imppr-tance as food source for heterotrophic nanoplankton is now recognized, information about the cycling ofSynechococcus biomass and its diel pattern is limited and study methodology varies among authors. Theselective metabolic inhibitor method was used to simultaneously estimate growth and grazing disappearancerates of Synechococcus in the English Channel where growth rates ranged from 0.25 to 0.72/d (mean±SD=0.51±0.17/d) and grazing mortality rates ranged from 0.19 to 0.64/d (mean ±SD=0.48±0.17/d).Size-fractionated experiments demonstrated that up to 70% of Synechosoccus disappearance could be attri-buted to grazers going through a 2 μm Nuclepore filter. Synechococcus grazing mortality rates (mean=0.74±0.25/d) during the day were alwnys higher than that (mean=0.21±0.20d) during the night, while growthrat     

区域非稳定动力学环境下的工程场地破裂效应初探

工程场地破裂效应是区域非稳定动力学环境下的主要灾害效应之一，但目前对其缺乏系统性研究。本文提出了工程场地破裂效应研究的区域稳定动力学方法，并对非稳定动力学环境下的破裂效应进行了初步探讨。笔者提出非稳定动力学条件决定了破裂原动力，深浅相关性，以及成灾致灾连续性等动力学和运动学特征。     

烟台开发区近海表层沉积物重金属的分布特征与风险评价

对烟台开发区近海表层沉积物6种重金属及有机碳进行了测定,探讨了重金属含量、分布特征与有机碳间的相关关系,并采用地累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法进行了污染及风险分析.结果显示:研究区域重金属含量均值低于国家沉积物质量Ⅰ类标准上限值.Cu、Zn、As含量呈现由西至东降低、套子湾内由北向南增大的趋势;除调查区域西侧外,Pb、Cd在山后附近海域存在另一高值区,而Hg高值则主要集中在调查区域西侧.Pearson分析表明,Cu、Hg、Zn、As之间及与有机碳含量间存在显著正相关性.Igeo评价显示,Cd以轻度污染为主,而Cf计算表明Cd属于中等污染;Cd显示调查区域基本属于低污染,西侧3个站位达到中等污染程度.风险评价表明,Cd为最主要的风险因子,Hg也存在一定风险.调查区域总体属于低风险,部分站位达到中等风险,主要受Cd和Hg污染所致.     

坡度与滑坡发育规模、广度及深度相关性探讨

滑坡发育规模、广度、深度与坡度有一定相关性,坡度增大滑坡向小型化发展。滑坡孕育过程中,坡度所起的作用随其大小而变化,不同坡度区间,相同规模的滑坡,随坡度大小而变化。