伊利石矿床成因类型及应用

伊利石矿是一种粘土类矿产,其成因类型多样,应用领域广泛,本文主要对伊利石的成因类型及主要应用领域进行初步的探讨.     

露天煤矿开挖工程承压含水层井点降水数值分析

在掌握某露天煤矿水文地质条件和抽水试验成果的基础上,通过利用Modflow建立了较合理的渗流数值模型,分析了井点降水中承压含水层水位随时间的下降过程,并进行了实际分析,结果与实际观测结果吻合良好。在此基础上,开展预测研究,为进一步露天煤矿开挖降水设计提供理论依据。     

不同水岩作用下板岩物理力学性质劣化实验研究

甘肃舟曲、武都地区是我国滑坡、泥石流等地质灾害发育最为密集、活动最为频繁的区域之一,该区广为出露的志留纪板岩的水岩劣化进程是滑坡、泥石流高度发育的主要原因之一。研究通过对经历不同次数饱水循环、干湿循环养护后板岩的宏观形态的观测,质量变化、弹性波速和单轴抗压强度的测试,对板岩在两种不同水岩作用方式下裂纹扩展过程、质量、波速和强度等相关指标的变化进行了对比研究,揭示了水岩作用方式下板岩的劣化规律,并初步探讨了板岩在不同水岩作用方式下的劣化机理,为滑坡、泥石流灾害的区划评价和防治提供有益的参考。     

一种获取包裹体内压的新方法——二氧化碳拉曼光谱法

对CO2的拉曼光谱特征做了介绍，特别指出了CO2费米共振峰随温度和压力的变化特点。利用CO2费米共振峰与密度的关系，结合状态方程对山东昌乐一临朐地区的火山岩包裹体进行了研究，获得了该地区火山岩包裹体的现实内压。结果表明，该地区包裹体的现实内压主要集中在5．75—18．29MPa。简单恢复了包裹体的形成深度，经与前人研究成果对比，显示该方法具有一定的可靠性。这种方法可以作为获取合CO2包裹体内压的一种新方法。     

Crystallization conditions of peraluminous charnockites: constraints from mineral thermometry and thermodynamic modelling

Most igneous charnockites are interpreted to have crystallized at hot and dry conditions, i.e. at >800?°C and <3 wt.% H₂O and with an important CO₂ component in the system. These charnockites are metaluminous to weakly peraluminous and their formation involves a significant mantle-derived component. This study, in contrast, investigates the crystallization conditions of strongly peraluminous, metasediment-sourced charnockites from the Qinzhou Bay Granitic Complex, South China. To constrain the temperature-melt H₂O crystallization paths for the studied peraluminous charnockites, petrographic characterization was combined with fluid inclusion compositional data, mineral thermometry, and thermodynamic modelling. The uncertainties of the thermodynamic modelling in reconstructing the crystallization conditions of the granitic magmas have been evaluated by comparison between modelled and experimental phase relations for a moderately evolved, peraluminous granite (~70 wt.% SiO₂). The comparison suggests that the modelling reproduces the experimentally derived phase saturation boundaries with uncertainties of 20–60?°C and 0.5–1 wt.% H₂O for systems with ≤1–2 wt.% initial melt H₂O at ~0.2 GPa. For the investigated natural systems, the thermometric estimates and modelling indicate that orthopyroxene crystallized at relatively low temperature (750–790?±?30?°C) and moderately high to high melt H₂O content (3.5–5.6?±?0.5 wt.%). The charnockites finally solidified at relatively “cold” and “wet” conditions. This suggests that thermodynamic modelling affords a possible approach to constrain charnockite crystallization as tested here for peraluminous, moderately low pressure (≤0.3 GPa), and overall H₂O-poor systems (≤1–2 wt.% H₂O total), but yields results with increasing uncertainty for high-pressure or H₂O-rich granitic systems.     

Recent Process in Near-Space Gravity Wave Analysis Based on Satellite Measurements

This article focused on the research progress in the gravity wave analysis based on satellite measurements including MODIS, AIRS, AMSU, MLS, DNB, COSMIC,HIRDLS and SOFIE. Besides, a few ground-based observation results and numerical models were briefly introduced and some cases of joint applications of satellite observations with ground-based observations and numerical models in the gravity waves were listed. In general, the satellite remote sensing data play an important role in the study of the characteristics in near-space environment, which can be applied to analyze the scales of gravity waves induced by different sources, correlations between the instabilities and waves as well as their patterns, the impacts in the climate process, wave-wave interactions and wave-flow interactions with other data.     

人工合成烃类包裹体的实验研究

运用Sterner和Bodnar（1984）提出的愈合裂隙的实验技术,在石英中成功地合成了烃类包裹体,并对合成的包裹体进行了岩相学观察、显微温度测定及激光拉曼光谱分析等。实验揭示出除合成压力之外,合成温度、反应时间和油水比例是烃类包裹体合成时几个需要重点考虑的因素。此外,合成时加入的初始溶液盐度和酸碱度也值得进一步考虑。人工合成烃类包裹体为研究天然烃类包裹体的形成机制及测定分析奠定了基础。     

RIVER PATTERNS AND SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL TRANSFORMATION MODES

1 INTRODUCTIONThe river pattCths and transfo~ion of the pattenes are of great significance for flood control andmanagement of navigation system. Vallous spatial and temporal modes have been reported in theprevious stUdies. These modes depend on certain controlling factors and occur with different frequencies.These factors are related to modem fluvial processes and ancient sedimentary consequences. T'hedifferent river patterns, depending on the factors, can be either observed in nature or…     

青藏高原均衡场与非潮汐重力测量

根据已有资料与1°×1°平均布格异常和1°×1°平均地形高,计算出青藏高原均衡异常场。