链子崖危岩体T8──T12缝段开裂变形机制的研究

文章通过对煤层采空区的分布、地压作用、山体开裂和近２０多年来的变形等方面的综合分析，得出链子崖危岩体具有南北强拉裂、东西弱拉裂和平面反时针转动的立体开裂变形机制。据此，作者进行了有针对性的计算，为危岩体综合加固体系的建立提供了依据。     

三烷基氧膦-GDX-301萃取色层的基本特性及其在铀矿石分析中的应用

本文研究了三烷基氧膦萃取色层分离铀的一些基本特性,如色层柱容量,萃取剂荷载量和溶液流速与理论塔板高度的关系,萃取剂的流失情况以及铀的分离行为等。用pH=5.8—6.2的混合络合剂可将柱上的微量铀定量洗提,以5-Br-PADAP光度法测定,方法简便快速,精密度好,准确度高,可用于矿石中0.002—0.4％铀的测定。     

河南省棉花的气候风险研究

地理过渡带附近的农业气候风险度对气候变化有较为敏感的响应。作者在前人对农作物适宜度研究的基础上，建立棉花气候适宜度模型和风险度指标，对河南省棉花气候风险度进行了深入的分析。研究发现．近40年米河南省棉花气候风险度有逐渐增加的趋势．其中降水量对气候风险度增加的作用最重要．而且气候适宜度及其变率对风险度的变化的影响在不同时期有不同的表现；风险度的增加速度有明显的区域差异性和过渡性．在东西方向上．东部平原区的风险度变化快于西部山区．其中黄淮平原中南部与伏牛山区的对比最为显著．在南北方向上．黄淮平原中南部到黄河中游谷地的快速增长带与黄河下游沿岸到中游北侧的低速增长带的对比特别明显．这主要是地形过渡带和气候过渡带作用的结果；风险度的变化过程也有明显的区域差异性．跳跃式变化是河南东部风险度变化中的重要特点．这种突变特点在南北方向上有明显的纬度差异性；在河南西部山地的风险度变化中，跳跃式变化很少见，尽管该区近40年棉花气候风险度的变化倾向仍为增加趋势．但自20世纪80年代末以来．风险度逐渐减小．     

Preliminary validation of SMOS sea surface salinity measurements in the South China Sea

The SMOS(soil moisture and ocean salinity) mission undertaken by the European Space Agency(ESA) has provided sea surface salinity(SSS) measurements at global scale since 2009.Validation of SSS values retrieved from SMOS data has been done globally and regionally.However,the accuracy of SSS measurements by SMOS in the China seas has not been examined in detail.In this study,we compared retrieved SSS values from SMOS data with in situ measurements from a South China Sea(SCS) expedition during autumn 2011.The comparison shows that the retrieved SSS values using ascending pass data have much better agreement with in situ measurements than the result derived from descending pass data.Accuracy in terms of bias and root mean square error(RMS) of the SSS retrieved using three different sea surface roughness models is very consistent,regardless of ascending or descending orbits.When ascending and descending measurements are combined for comparison,the retrieved SSS using a semi-empirical model shows the best agreement with in situ measurements,with bias-0.33 practical salinity units and RMS 0.74.We also investigated the impact of environmental conditions of sea surface wind and sea surface temperature on accuracy of the retrieved SSS.The SCS is a semi-closed basin where radio frequencies transmitted from the mainland strongly interfere with SMOS measurements.Therefore,accuracy of retrieved SSS shows a relationship with distance between the validation sites and land.     

青藏高原风火山流域坡面尺度活动层土壤水热时空变化特征

以风火山流域某阴坡坡顶、 坡底和阳坡坡底活动层土壤水热及气象资料为基础, 对青藏高原多年冻土区不同地形条件下的土壤水热时空变化特征进行了分析。结果表明： 在融化阶段, 除表层5 cm外, 阴坡坡底各深度土壤开始融化日期均比坡顶早, 比阳坡坡底晚; 阴坡坡脚各深度土壤含水量均大于坡顶和阳坡坡底。在冻结阶段, 开始冻结日期在阴坡坡底均比坡顶早, 但比阳坡坡底晚; 阴坡坡底各深度土壤含水量均高于坡顶相应土层的含水量, 在20 cm、 100 cm、 160 cm深处高于阳坡相应土层的含水量, 但在5 cm、 50 cm深处, 稳定冻结后两者的含水量差异较小。在整个冻融过程中, 阴坡坡底土壤温度对气温变化的响应弱于坡顶及阳坡坡底, 但其土壤水分对降水的响应强于坡顶及阳坡坡底。植被生长发育受水分和热量条件的制约, 不同地形条件下水热时空变化差异将影响植被空间分布特征。在未来气候变暖情况下, 上坡位植被可能因为水分胁迫而退化, 出现荒漠化现象, 而下坡位由于受侧向流的影响, 土壤水分对降水的响应强烈, 植被不会发生显著退化; 在不同坡向之间, 同一坡位阳坡植被退化程度可能大于阴坡。     

作物气候风险研究:以河南省棉花为例

1 Introduction In the past 100 years the global temperature rose sharply due to the increase of greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere. The mean ground temperature rose by 0.5–0.6°C in the 20th century and 0.3–0.4°C in the last 20 years of the c…     

山东平邑归来庄金矿床岩浆演化与成矿物理化学条件

介绍了归来庄金矿床次火山岩的岩浆演化特征,并对隐爆角砾岩带的特征和隐爆机制以及碲金型金矿形成的物理化学条件进行了探讨,研究表明归来庄金矿床是与碱性次火山岩有关,并受隐爆角砾岩控制的碲金型浅成热液金矿床。     

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Quorum-sensing of bacteria and its application

Quorum sensing, or auto induction, as a cell density dependent signaling mechanism in many microorganisms, is triggered via auto inducers which passively diffuse across the bacterial envelope and therefore intracellulaly accumulate only at higher bacterial densities to regulate specialized processes such as genetic competence, bioluminescence, virulence and sporulation. N-acyl homoserine lactones are the most common type of signal molecules. Aquaculture is one of the fastest-growing food-producing industries, but disease outbreaks caused by pathogenic bacteria are a significant constraint on the development of the sector worldwide. Many of these pathogens have been found to be controlled by their quorum sensing systems. As there is relevance between the pathogenic bacteria’s virulence factor expression and their auto inducers, quorum quenching is a new effective anti-infective strategy to control infections caused by bacterial pathogens in aquaculture. The techniques used to do this mainly include the following: (1) the inhibition of signal molecule biosynthesis, (2) blocking signal transduction, and (3) chemical inactivation and biodegradation of signal molecules. To provide a basis for finding alternative means of controlling aquatic diseases by quorum quenching instead of treatment by antibiotics and disinfectants, we will discuss the examination, purification and identification of auto inducers in this paper.     

Depth inversion in coastal water based on SAR image of waves

Wave-number spectrum technique is proposed to retrieve coastal water depths by means of Synthetic Aperture Radar （SAR） image of waves. Based on the general dispersion relation of ocean waves the wavelength changes of a surface wave over varying water depths can be derived from SAR. Approaching the analysis of SAR images of waves and using the general dispersion relation of ocean waves, this indirect technique of remote sensing bathymetry has been applied to a coastal region of Xiapu in Fujian Province, China. Results show that this technique is suitable for the coastal waters especially for the near-shore regions with variable water depths.     

利用GLDAS资料分析黄土高原半干旱区土壤湿度对气候变化的响应

利用GLDAS资料分析了1948~2010年黄土高原半干旱区气温、降水和土壤湿度的变化趋势,并重点讨论了气温和降水对土壤湿度的影响和相对贡献。结果表明:近60 a来黄土高原半干旱区整体呈现暖干化趋势,增温速率明显高于全球平均增温速率;不同深度的土壤湿度的长期变化均呈减小趋势,且年际间变化明显。不同深度的土壤湿度和气温呈负相关关系,并随着土壤加深,两者的相关性加强;土壤湿度和降水则呈正相关关系,相关关系最大出现在表层土壤。通过分析气温和降水在不同季节对土壤湿度的相对贡献发现,春季和冬季气温对土壤湿度的相对贡献较降水显著,秋季恰好相反,夏季气温和降水对土壤湿度的相对贡献大小相当。对比不同深度层降水、气温对土壤湿度的相对贡献得出,降水对浅层土壤湿度有显著作用,而气温对深层土壤湿度的作用更明显。