Finite element modeling of heating phenomena of cracks excited by high-intensity ultrasonic pulses

A three-dimensional thermo-mechanical coupled finite element model is built up to simulate the phenomena of dynamical contact and frictional heating of crack faces when the plate containing the crack is excited by high-intensity ultrasonic pulses. In the finite element model, the high-power ultrasonic transducer is modeled by using a piezoelectric thermal-analogy method, and the dynamical interaction between both crack faces is modeled using a contact-impact theory. In the simulations, the frictional heating taking place at the crack faces is quantitatively calculated by using finite element thermal-structural coupling analysis, especially, the influences of acoustic chaos to plate vibration and crack heating are calculated and analysed in detail. Meanwhile, the related ultrasonic infrared images are also obtained experimentally, and the theoretical simulation results are in agreement with that of the experiments. The results show that, by using the theoretical method, a good simulation of dynamic interaction and friction heating process of the crack faces under non-chaotic or chaotic sound excitation can be obtained.     

海洋侧孢短芽孢杆菌Lh-1 株所产多肽R-1 性质分析及作用原理探讨

对海洋侧孢短芽孢杆菌(Brevibacillus laterosporus)Lh-1所产多肽R-1的性质及作用机理进行了研究。R-1对温度和pH稳定,在pH 11.0~12条件下,121℃处理1 h,其活力保持在75%以上。经3种不同浓度的蛋白酶(碱性蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶)处理4 h后,活性保持在80%以上。与常见的金属离子和化学试剂在一起反应,对抗菌肽R-1的活性无明显影响,可以配合一起使用,仅吐温和SDS对其影响较大。氨基酸分析表明,抗菌肽R-1由亮氨酸(Leu)、酪氨酸(Tyr)、缬氨酸(Val)、异亮氨酸(Ile)、赖氨酸(Lys)、甘氨酸(Gly)、蛋氨酸(Met)、丝氨酸(Ser)、丙氨酸(Ala)9种氨基酸组成,其中疏水氨基酸居多。抑菌试验表明R-1的抑菌谱广泛,对经培养分离出来的大肠杆菌及白假丝酵母菌的扫描电境超微结构观察表明,R-1的杀菌机制主要是通过含有带正电荷的Lys与带负电荷的磷脂分子结合,然后R-1的疏水端插入到指示菌的疏水区,改变膜的构象,从而导致菌体的死亡。     

产过氧化氢酶菌株CE-1 的筛选与鉴定

经过含H2O2的平板初筛和摇瓶发酵复筛,从保存的水样中筛选到一株过氧化氢酶高产菌株CE-1,其所产过氧化氢酶活性和比活分别为1 356.2 U/mL和3 401 U/mg。菌株CE-1为革兰氏阴性杆状细菌,根据其形态特征、16S rRNA基因序列系统进化树分析和生理生化特性,以及属内不同种间性状差异等因素的综合分析,将菌株CE-1鉴定为气单胞属(Aeromonas)细菌。     

壤中气汞测量在活断层研究中的应用

利用JM—3型数字金膜测汞仪对渭河盆地活动断层进行壤中气汞测量,取得了初步结果。认为,壤中气汞异常与活动断层存在着密切的关系,通过测汞寻找隐伏活动断层,判定断层活动性是可行的。     

Ekman motion in shallow open sea in the presence of time-harmonic variation of water depth

The time variation of the wind-induced flow in a homogeneous unbounded sea region has been analytically investigated. The time-dependent Ekman solution in a homogeneous, shallow open sea has been further extended by taking into account the time variation in water depth which might be caused by either tidal motion or change in the mixed layer thickness. The solution approach taken in this study is based on the Galerkin-eigenfunction method originally developed by Heaps [1972. On the numerical solution of three-dimensional hydrodynamical equations for tides and storm surges. Memoires de la Societe Royale des Sciences de Liege Serie 6(2), 143–180]. A series of calculations have been made with emphasis on the influence of the time variation in water depth upon the build-up of Ekman spirals in the presence of oscillatory variations in water depth. It has been found that two oscillations contribute to the wind drift current, the inertial oscillation and the depth-variation-induced oscillation; the inertial oscillation decays with time, but the depth-variation-induced oscillation remains undamped despite the presence of bottom friction. The presence of time-harmonic variation produces peculiar forms of hodograph with a curled or circular pattern according to the angular frequency of the water depth variation.     

3D裂隙网络随机模拟及其工程应用研究

岩体中存在的大量随机分布的裂隙对岩体的工程性质及稳定性有着极其重要的影响。传统的工程地质研究方法难以客观地描述其空间分布特征。应用概率与统计学的理论 ,通过统计分析得到裂隙的分布规律性 ,采用随机模拟的方法实现与统计分布相适应的裂隙网络是研究随机裂隙宏观特征的有效途径。通过模拟所得的 3D裂隙网络 ,进一步研究了裂隙的连通特征及工程开挖面上的稳定分析与加固措施优化的方法     

动态数据交换在车载GPS导航系统中的应用

叙述了Windows应用程序之间进行数据交换的一种方式－动态数据交换的一些基本概念、基本思想和交换的过程。通过车载GPS导航系统实验，证明了当两个不同的应用系统之间要求动态地实时传输数据时，DDE是一种很好的途径。     

Secondary dispersion from gold deposits in west Turkey

Orientation studies over the Sarpda? prospect in the Biga peninsula and the Arapdagi deposit near Izmir have provided elear evidence for elemental dispersion around west Turkish gold prospects. Although these deposits are of different types, silicification associated with the deposits results in the main part of both deposits forming topographic highs.At Sarpda? gold mineralisation is relatively weak compared with nearby prospects and associated with a silicified cap on the main hill. Comparison of coarse and fine fractions, based on a 190 μm size split of 8 kg of -2 mm material, suggests that gold disperses clastically on the steep slopes, probably within silica, but coarse grains break down giving Au concentrations in the finer fractions at the base of the main slope. Discrete gold grains, that can be panned, only occur 1–2 km downstream within the streams and heavy mineral concentrations are very limited. This interpretation of Au dispersion is consistent with the data from 1 kg samples collected at the higher primary grade, but more contaminated, Arapda?i prospect.Antimony is the most consistent pathfinder both for the silicified cap at Sarpda? and for gold-rich veins at Arpada?i. It gives high contrast anomalies. Arsenic is useful being more mobile than Sb, although contrast may be low. High resolution Ag data can be useful but base metal enrichments are also often associated with Ag anomalies. Most prospects have some base metal enrichments although they can be displaced from the main gold-rich parts of the deposit and anomalies may be weak. Lead and Cu are the more consistently useful elements.The use of large (> 8 kg of -2 mm material) samples produces consistent stream sediment data that can be used to reliably interpret single samples and quantify Au anomalies. A survey around the Halíköy Hg and Emirli Sb mines, using these large samples, confirmed the extension of the known gold-bearing Emirli structure. In contrast the major Hg-bearing Halíköy Fault is gold poor although a structure parallel to it is auriferous.     

对于氟碳钡铈矿（Cordylite—Ce）成分与结构的质疑

本文讨论了氟碳钡铈矿的成分和结构问题。发现氟碳钡铈矿的成分、密度、折射率三者间的一致性参数很差,晶体结构与光性和空间群相矛盾,单个大阳离子的平均占有体积远大于同类矿物的平均占有体积,它的晶体结构与同类矿物不可类比。由于受当时条件的限制,在以往有关氟碳钡铈矿的成分和结构的资料中存在着一些明显的错误,有必要对其进行重新定义。其结构化学式应改为:(Na_(1-x),Ca_(0·5x))BaCe_2(CO_3)_4F。