利用耦合单层城市冠层模型的中尺度数值模式WRF/UCM,选取8组不同反照率和绿化比例的屋顶冷却方案进行敏感性试验,模拟研究不同冷却屋顶方案对长三角城市群2013年夏季城市热环境的影响,并分析其影响机制.结果表明:不同冷却屋顶方案对城市群热环境的缓解效果与屋顶参数之间呈很强的线性关系.高温热浪天气下,H R 4(反照率为... 相似文献
Based on the light-photosynthesis response measurement at leaf level, combined with over-and under-canopy eddy covariance measurements, research on photosynthetic characteristics of single trees and forest canopy was conducted. The relationship between light intensity and photosynthetic rates for leaves and canopy can be well fitted by a non-rectangular hyperbola model. Mongolian oak presented a high light compensation point, Lcp (28 μmol·m?2·s?1), a light saturation point Lsp (>1800 μmol·m?2·s?1), and a maximal net photosynthetic rate Pmax (9.96 μmol·m?2·s?1), which suggest that it is a typical heliophilous plant. Mono maple presented the highest apparent quantum efficiency α (0.066) but the lowest, Lcp (16 μmol·m?2·s?1), Lsp (≈800 μmol·m?2·s?1), and Pmax (4.51 μmol·m?2·s?1), which suggest that it is heliophilous plant. Korean pine showed the lowest α value but a higher Pmax, which suggest that it is a semi-heliophilous plant. At the canopy level, the values of both α and Pmax approached the upper limit of reported values in temperate forests, while Lcp was within the lower limit. Canopy photosynthetic characteristics were well consistent with those of leaves. Both showed a high ability to photosynthesize. However, environmental stresses, especially high vapor pressure deficits, could significantly reduce the photosynthetic ability of leaves and canopy. 相似文献