湘北仁里花岗伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床红外光谱特征研究及勘查应用

仁里铌钽多金属矿是近年来在江南隆起带内发现的一个超大型稀有金属矿床,仁里地区稀有金属找矿潜力巨大。本文采用红外光谱技术对仁里矿床钻孔ZK708、ZK716开展了矿物光谱填图工作,结合矿物镜下和地球化学分析,查明该矿床的蚀变矿物种类及组合,探讨了仁里矿床中典型蚀变矿物波谱特征与矿化之间的关系,构建了仁里矿床的红外光谱勘查模型,并对幕阜山西南缘地表进行热液蚀变中心的圈定。研究发现：(1)伟晶岩中白云母Pos2200 (2197~2198nm)异常低值,IC值异常高值(>3)可作为找矿指标;(2)通过对幕阜山西南缘地表白云母特征参数研究可知,幕阜山西南缘寒石村附近存在成矿有利区域,永享村东南为区域的热液蚀变中心。红外光谱技术可以有效地查明仁里地区的矿床蚀变分带和矿化中心,为幕阜山稀有金属矿床的进一步找矿勘查工作提供科学依据。

     

塔里木盆地和田河气田碳酸盐岩储层的多期次多来源油气聚集特征

高成熟度演化地区的海相碳酸盐岩储层易受到油气演化的影响 ,油气的聚集在储层中都留下了踪迹 ,既有对储层储集性能的改善有利的一面 ,也有对储层形成伤害的一面。对和田河气田的碳酸盐岩储层薄片观察、凝析油气的地球化学分析和储层沥青分析表明 ,主要有 3期油气运移 ,分别为 :晚加里东期—早海西期、晚海西期和喜山期。前两期都是寒武系来源的油气 ,均被生物降解或散失 ,喜山期是天然气的关键聚集时期。第一期以油相运聚的油气被降解 ,形成的沥青对储层造成了伤害 ,第二期以气相运移的油气多散失 ,仅在储层中留下凝析油 ,第三期油相运移的石炭系来源的油受到后期转移上来的寒武系干气的气侵 ,产生沥青质沉淀 ,使得寒武系凝析油被封堵 ,储层产出的凝析油的地球化学特征更接近石炭系源岩。     

重磁界面的一种快速正、反演方法

重磁界面的正反演方法研究是地球物理解释方法中的重要课题。本文在前人研究Raker反演方法的基础上采用了一种增强反演稳定性的快速正反演方法,并较好地解决了稳定因子中参数选择问题。本文还对该方法的收敛性及影响反演效果的诸因素加以详细讨论。理论模型及应用实例说明该方法是一种令人满意的快速正反演方法。     

三向载荷联合作用下的大型集装箱船结构可靠性研究

大型集装箱船（LCS）具有较大的甲板开口,抗扭刚度非常低。在恶劣海况下航行时,大型集装箱船可能会遭遇斜浪的作用,此时船体将受到三向载荷的联合作用,水平波浪弯矩和扭转波浪弯矩可能会接近甚至超过垂向波浪弯矩,船体可能因发生组合变形而破坏。因此有必要研究大型集装箱船在三向载荷联合作用下的结构可靠性。在研究三向载荷联合作用下各维度极限强度的相互关系的基础上,提出了大型集装箱船的极限承载能力的可靠性评估方法,并对目标船在各浪向角下的结构可靠性进行评估。结果表明：目标船在0°浪向角下的失效概率最高;考虑水平波浪弯矩影响后目标船的结构可靠性有所降低;扭转波浪弯矩对目标船船中剖面的结构可靠性影响较小。     

低分子质量κ-卡拉胶钾的酶法制备及其对原发性高血压大鼠降血压作用的研究

为了探究低分子质量κ-卡拉胶钾对原发性高血压大鼠(spontaneously hypertensive rat, SHR)血压的影响,以κ-卡拉胶粉为原料,酶解法和醇沉法相结合制备分子质量为3.5 kDa的低分子质量κ-卡拉胶寡糖(low-molecular-weightκ-carrageenan, LC)。将LC与KCl溶液混合,经醇沉操作除去游离的钾离子,以此获得高结合率的低分子质量κ-卡拉胶钾(low-molecular-weightpotassiumκ-carrageenan,LCP),使得LC中结合型钾元素的含量由原先的6.5%上升至8.7%。各组灌胃剂量:实验组600mg/kgLCP,空白组灌胃蒸馏水,阳性对照组10 mg/kg卡托普利。结果显示, LCP对SHR有稳定且持续的降压作用,与空白组相比,显著降压18mmHg。LCP显著降低了RAS系统中肾素(P0.05)和血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)(P 0.01)的水平,推测LCP的降压机理可能是降低了RAS系统的活化程度;此外, LCP显著降低了血液中脂多糖(LPS)的水平(P 0.05),并显著改善了肠道上皮结构的完整性。     

东南极中山站陆缘固定冰2011/2012年度的时空变化

Annual observations of first-year ice(FYI) and second-year ice(SYI) near Zhongshan Station, East Antarctica,were conducted for the first time from December 2011 to December 2012. Melt ponds appeared from early December 2011. Landfast ice partly broke in late January, 2012 after a strong cyclone. Open water was refrozen to form new ice cover in mid-February, and then FYI and SYI co-existed in March with a growth rate of 0.8 cm/d for FYI and a melting rate of 2.7 cm/d for SYI. This difference was due to the oceanic heat flux and the thickness of ice,with weaker heat flux through thicker ice. From May onward, FYI and SYI showed a similar growth by 0.5 cm/d.Their maximum thickness reached 160.5 cm and 167.0 cm, respectively, in late October. Drillings showed variations of FYI thickness to be generally less than 1.0 cm, but variations were up to 33.0 cm for SYI in March,suggesting that the SYI bottom was particularly uneven. Snow distribution was strongly affected by wind and surface roughness, leading to large thickness differences in the different sites. Snow and ice thickness in Nella Fjord had a similar "east thicker, west thinner" spatial distribution. Easterly prevailing wind and local topography led to this snow pattern. Superimposed ice induced by snow cover melting in summer thickened multi-year ice,causing it to be thicker than the snow-free SYI. The estimated monthly oceanic heat flux was ～30.0 W/m2 in March–May, reducing to ～10.0 W/m2 during July–October, and increasing to ～15.0 W/m2 in November. The seasonal change and mean value of 15.6 W/m2 was similar to the findings of previous research. The results can be used to further our understanding of landfast ice for climate change study and Chinese Antarctic Expedition services.     

广西钦州湾海域游泳动物群落种类组成及多样性研究

根据2015—2016年连续两年对钦州湾进行的拖网调查资料,对钦州湾游泳动物群落的多样性现状进行了初步分析。结果表明,2015、2016年游泳动物调查渔获物种类均为55种;两年共同渔获物优势种(IRI≥200)有5种,分别是钝齿蟳(Charybdis hellerii)、近缘新对虾(Metapenaeus affinis)、周氏新对虾(Metapenaeus joyneri)、亨氏仿对虾(Parapenaeopsis hungerfordi)和口虾蛄(Oratosquilla oratoria),优势种类个体呈现小型化和低龄化趋势,渔获物种类和现存资源较历史数据有衰减的趋势;Shannon-Wiener指数(H′)、丰富度指数(D)和均匀度指数(J′)变化不显著,但站位间差异明显;2016年较2015年调查游泳生物的生物量和资源密度有所回升,但多样性水平均低于北部湾及南海北部大陆架浅海海域的多样性水平。     

Nitrate in the Changjiang diluted water: an isotopic evaluation on sources and reaction pathways

A cruise covering two transects in the Changjiang (Yangtze) estuary in July 2017 was conducted, aiming to explore the sources for riverine NO 3 ˉ and identify r...     

A case study on the soil classification of the Yellow River Delta based on piezocone penetration test

Piezocone penetration test(CPTu), the preferred in-situ tool for submarine investigation, is significant for soil classification and soil depth profile prediction, which can be used to predict soil types and states. However, the accuracy of these methods needs to be validated for local conditions. To distinguish and evaluate the properties of the shallow surface sediments in Chengdao area of the Yellow River Delta, seabed CPTu tests were carried out at ten stations in this area. Nine soil classi...     

两种杜氏藻对硝酸盐利用模型的比较研究

研究了NaNO3对两种杜氏藻Dunaliella salina和Dunaliella parva生长速度、色素积累的影响和NaNO3的吸收规律,结果表明,NaNO3浓度为1.5mmol/L时,D.salina生长最快,最高密度76.4×104cell/mL;对照组为16.3×104cell/mL;低氮有利于D.salinaβ-胡萝卜素积累,β-胡萝卜素最大值105mg/g出现在0.5mmol/L NaNO3的样中,对照组为45mg/g;较高的NaNO3有利于叶绿素a的合成;藻液pH值开始3-5d急剧上升,后在波动中下降。对D.parva来说,NaNO3浓度为2.5mmol/L时生长最快,细胞最高密度为295×104cell/mL,对照组为15×104cell/mL;在实验范围内,NaNO3浓度越高,β-胡萝卜素含量越高,β-胡萝卜素最大值为37.5mg/g,叶绿素最大值为65mg/g;建立了两种杜氏藻对NaNO3利用的动力学方程。