青藏高原北缘深部地壳结构特征及其形成机制探讨

柴达木盆地－祁连山地区位于青藏高原北缘，同青藏高原主体一样，该区具有多层地壳结构特征，并普遍出现壳内低速层，地壳厚度是华北及华南地区的2倍以上。其形成可能与地壳的横向挤压缩短及幔源物质的底侵作用有关。随着底侵作用增强，地壳厚度加大，岩石圈厚度则越趋于减薄，地壳上部表现为拉张，下部发生壳幔深熔及幔源流体的交代作用，从而导致了地壳低速层，地热和浅源地震的发育。同时，这也是青藏高原出现热壳冷幔的原因之一。     

基于结构光和单CCD相机的物体表面三维测量

非接触式物体表面三维自动测量是计算机视觉领域的中心任务之一 ,围绕这个问题 ,提出了一种利用结构光 ,单 CCD相机和双定向技术实现物体表面三维自动测量的新方法。采用该方法 ,无需测定相机和结构光光截面之间的相对位置 ,在单目序列影像上就可测量出物体表面的三维坐标。     

沙尘暴天气的归类判别分析预报模式

在大量分析了历史上 4 0年发生在内蒙古中西部地区的 37场沙尘暴天气过程的基础上 ,总结归纳了其大气环流特征 ,将他们划分成 4个环流类型。参考SaatyT .L .,提出的综合选优的方法[1] ,建立判别矩阵 ,然后计算归类判别预报 ,根据判别函数值判断实时待判样本的归属。参照归属类历史沙尘暴的天气形势和实况出现的范围以及强度作出沙尘暴天气预报 ,并设计了一个沙尘暴天气的归类判别分析预报模式。该模式已较成功地应用于 2 0 0 0年春季内蒙古地区的沙尘暴天气预报业务中 ,取得了较好的预报效果。实践证明 ,它是一个客观化、定量化和计算自动化的实用的预报模式 ,是我们目前作沙尘暴预报的重要技术手段之一。     

加格达奇霜冻灾害的气候背景分析及农业生产对策

系统地分析了国格达奇不同低温指标下霜冻的初、终日和无霜期的气候概况，分析了气候变化趋势并预测了各保证率下初、终霜日出现的日期和日数，提出了相应的农业生产对策和建议。     

乌鲁木齐地区水汞空白值较高原因分析

从蒸馏水的制备过程及乌鲁木齐10号泉的化学成份等方面入手，通过分析认为乌鲁木齐水汞空白值较高的原因是：①在蒸馏水的制备过程中自来水中汞富集到蒸馏水中；②乌鲁木齐10号泉水中含有较高的S^2-，使10号泉水汞测值偏低。另外，还探讨了如何利用水汞空白值来处理水汞资料，从而提高水汞观测资料的质量及其在地震分析预报中的作用。     

河北省海洋资源开发利用的问题与对策

分析河北省海洋资源开发存在的结构、技术和管理等若干方面的问题 ,提出海洋资源开发利用保护的对策和措施。     

Design of environmental decision support system and its application to water quality management

1 IntroductionEnvironmental decision support systems could be divided into two categories by their organizational form and system functions. One is regional environmental analytical system based on commercial GIS and assisted by environmental models, such as BASINS developed by the American NEPA using ARC/VIEW as its user platform and including QUAL2E and NPSM as its prediction tools. The other is environmental information and prediction system based on mathematical models, such as…     

“十五”期间我省地震分析预报数据库建设展望

本文阐述了地震分析预报数据库在地震中短期预报系统中的重要性 ,同时具体提出建立该数据库系统所用的方法和技术途径 ,并给出预期的成果。另外 ,本文还介绍了建立该数据库系统的有利条件极其存在的困难 ,并对解决困难提出了建议。     

Recent applications of sliding block theory to geotechnical design

The sliding block theory was proposed by Newmark for determining the permanent displacement of embankments and dams under earthquake loading. This paper highlights recent applications of sliding block theory to different geotechnical structures. The equations to determine seismic factor of safety, yield acceleration and permanent displacement are given for rock block, soil slope, landfill cover, geosynthetic-reinforced soil retaining wall, and composite breakwater. The presented equations for seismic stability degenerate to that of static stability in the absence of earthquake. The permanent displacement for various structures can be obtained from that of a horizontal sliding block through a correction factor. A simplified procedure is included for the permanent displacement under vertical acceleration. The sliding block approach is rational for design under high seismic load.     

Post-earthquake investigation on several geosynthetic-reinforced soil retaining walls and slopes during the Ji-Ji earthquake of Taiwan

This paper gives an overview on the application of geosynthetic-reinforced soil structures in Taiwan. Taiwan has an unique topography and geotechnical conditions that rendered a less conservative and more challenging design compared to that of North America, Europe and Japan. The Ji-Ji (Chi-Chi) earthquake of 1999 gave an opportunity to examine the behavior of reinforced soil structures. The performance of several modular-block reinforced soil retaining walls and reinforced slopes at the vicinity of the fault was evaluated. Reinforced structures performed better than unreinforced soil retaining walls. The failure cases were highlighted and the cause of failure was identified. The lack of seismic design consideration could be a major cause of failure. The compound failure mode, the inertia force of the blocks, and the connection stiffness and strength relative to the large dynamic earth pressure, were among major items that would warrant further design consideration.