Experimental study on reduction of U (VI) by an anaerobic bacterium, Shewanella putrefaciens: Application to sandstone-hosted interlayer oxidation-zone type uranium deposits, China

A lot of fossil bacteria and algae, which were re-placed by uraninite ( pitchblende), were first found inthe ores when the authors studied the sandstone-hostedinterlayer oxidation-zone type uranium deposits innorthwest China[1,2]. It is known that a powerful radia-tion from the uranium ores is harmful and, evendeadly to any life, including microorganism. Whatmechanism does this inconceivable fact result from?Up to the present time in China, there has been no ex-perimental investigation on red…     

浙江省"2004·14"号台风暴潮综合分析

“2004·14”号台风是1956年以来登陆我国大陆最强的一次台风,影响范围广、强度强、降雨量大,给浙江省造成了严重灾害。本文对本次强台风特点、形成的暴雨洪水等做了较系统的分析,并与历史强台风进行了比较,对水利工程效益进行了分析。     

Geology and Mineralogy of the Baolun Hydrothermal Gold Deposit in the Hainan Island, South China

Abstract. The Baolun quartz vein type Au deposit, is located at the southwestern Hainan Island. It occurs next to a Triassic ilmenite-series/S-type syenogranite complex. A ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar plateau age for muscovite from the master orebody is dated to be 219.4±0.6 Ma, suggesting that the gold deposit genetically related to the granite pluton. In the Baolun mining area, orebodies of auriferous quartz vein and wall rock alteration occur in NNW-striking fracture zones hosted by weakly metamorphosed turbidite of the Lower Silurian age. Eight fracture zones, 400∼1300 m long and 10∼30 m wide, have been identified. The five fracture zones of them form orebodies. The ores are mainly of quartz vein type. More than 20 orebodies in shapes of vein and lens of 195∼751 m in length and 0.20∼7.49 m in thickness are known, and 14 of them occur in the No. 1 vein belt. Silicification, sericitization and pyritization are closely related to the Au mineralization. The ores exhibit commonly 1.54∼29.48 g/t in Au grade, partially >98 g/t. The master orebody is 720 m long and 2.62 m thick in average, with 9.53∼29.27 g/t Au. Gold reserves of more than 70 t have been proven by geological exploration. More than 20 metallic minerals including native gold and sulfides such as pyrite, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, and others are identified to be formed in four ore-forming stages: (1) Au-coarse grain quartz stage, (2) Au-fine grained quartz stage, (3) Au-bismuthide-bismuth sulfosalt-sulfide-quartz stage, and (4) calcite-sulfide-quartz stage. The Au mineralization in this deposit occurred mainly in the first three stages. A variety of Bi- and Te-bearing minerals is closely associated with native gold suggesting that the mineralization may take place in a relatively high temperature.     

中巴地球资源一号卫星CCD图像色差自动消除方法研究

 采用CBERS-02星CCD数据，提出一种基于统计的最邻近法，该方法能自动消除中巴地球资源一号卫星CCD图像上的色差，不 仅能取代传统的手工方法，而且可大幅度提高CBERS-02星CCD预处理系统的生产能力，为中巴地球资源一号卫星数据的广泛应用奠 定基础。     

湍流湿度脉动特性研究——根据淮河流域实验资料

利用淮河流域实验得到的湍流湿度脉动资料 ,应用统计理论、Fourier分析和小波分析方法 ,对湍流湿度脉动的统计特征、谱特征和间歇性特征作了初步分析 .结果表明 :(1)在淮河流域这样的高湿地区 ,水汽对其地表能量平衡 ,能量输送与循环具有重要作用 ;(2)湍流湿度脉动的能谱和互谱在惯性副区基本符合“ - 2 /3”次律和“ - 4/3”次律 ;(3)淮河流域湍流湿度脉动场存在很强的间歇性 ,不符合Kolmogorov湍流理论 .利用离散正交小波变换将湍流湿度脉动场中的耗散事件分离出来 ,通过引入限制因子 ,将湍流脉动场中的耗散事件滤去后 ,能较好地抑制湍流湿度的间歇性 .但与风速脉动相比 ,湍流湿度场间歇性的抑制效果较差 .     

深度细粒度图像识别研究综述

细粒度图像分类是计算机视觉中一项基础且重要的工作,其目的在于区分难以辨别的对象类别（例如不同子类的鸟类、花或动物）.不同于传统的图像分类任务可以雇佣大量普通人标注,细粒度数据集通常需要专家级知识进行标注.除了视觉分类中常见的姿态、光照和视角变化因素之外,细粒度数据集具有更大的类间相似性和类内差异性,因此要求模型能够捕捉到细微的类间差异信息和类内公有信息.除此之外,不同类别的样本存在不同程度的获取难度,因此细粒度数据集通常在数据分布中表现出长尾的特性.综上所述,细粒度数据分布具有小型、非均匀和不易察觉的类间差异等特点,对强大的深度学习算法也提出了巨大的挑战.本文首先介绍了细粒度图像分类任务的特点与挑战,随后以局部特征与全局特征两个主要视角整理了目前的主流工作,并讨论了它们的优缺点.最后在常用数据集上比较了相关工作的性能表现,并进行了总结与展望.     

长庆油田小套管二次固井工艺技术研究与应用

针对长庆油田?139.7 mm生产套管中下?88.9 mm小套管二次固井环空间隙小、固井施工压力高,水泥环薄、密封完整性难以满足后期措施需求,固井前井筒界面环境差、二界面水泥胶结不佳等技术难点,通过技术创新及改进,研制出适用于小套管二次固井的低摩阻耐压防漏水泥浆体系、热固性树脂水泥浆体系,结合自主研发的界面增强型冲洗液和固井压塞液体系,形成一套长庆油田小套管固井工作液体系。优选性能可靠的固井配套工具,优化小套管固井管串结构,按照平衡压力固井原理,采用一次上返固井工艺,总结出了一套小套管二次固井工艺技术。现场应用10口井,固井质量优良率95%,增产效果显著,为长庆油田老井增潜挖效及套损井治理提供了有力的技术支撑。     

泥质砂岩动弹模阻尼及能量耗散特性试验研究

针对煤矿矿区受爆破地震波影响下泥质砂岩斜坡的稳定性问题,利用MTS 815试验机开展了波形为正弦波、频率1 Hz的岩石动三轴试验,对滞回圈应力—应变数据进行了准确分析,计算了泥质砂岩的动弹性模量及阻尼参数,以及在循环动力作用下单位体积能、单位弹性能、单位耗散能的演化规律。研究中发现耗散能与围压水平、动应力水平两者之间呈幂函数关系。对试验中出现的“突增或突减”现象进行了讨论和分析,初步归因于岩石具有蓄能的特性和动应力的“触发效应”、“累积效应”,并指出这与天然或爆破地震波能触发斜坡崩塌的机理是一致的。本试验旨在为受爆破地震波影响的泥质砂岩斜坡稳定性分析指明研究方向和提供基础性的研究指标。     

Tectonically‐controlled Evolution of the Late Cenozoic Nihewan Basin,North China Craton: Constraints from Stratigraphy,Mineralogy, and Geochemistry

The Late Cenozoic basins in the Weihe–Shanxi Graben, North China Craton are delineated by northeast-striking faults. The faults have, since a long time, been related to the progressive uplift and northeastward expansion of the Tibetan Plateau. To show the relation between the basins and faults, two Pliocene–Pleistocene stratigraphic sections(Chengqiang and Hongyanangou) in the southern part of the Nihewan Basin at the northernmost parts of the graben are studied herein. Based on the sedimentary sequences and facies, the sections are divided into three evolutionary stages, such as alluvial fan-eolian red clay, fan delta, and fluvial, with boundaries at ~2.8 and ~1.8 Ma. Paleocurrent indicators, the composition of coarse clastics, heavy minerals, and the geochemistry of moderate–fine clastics are used to establish the temporal and spatial variations in the source areas. Based on features from the middlenorthern basin, we infer that the Nihewan Basin comprises an old NE–SW elongate geotectogene and a young NW–SE elongate subgeotectogene. The main geotectogene in the mid-north is a half-graben bounded by northeast-striking and northwest-dipping normal faults(e.g., Liulengshan Fault). This group of faults was mainly affected by the Pliocene(before ~2.8–2.6 Ma) NW–SE extension and controlled the deposition of sediments. In contrast, the subgeotectogene in the south was affected by northwest-striking normal faults(e.g., Huliuhe Fault) that were controlled by the subsequent weak NE–SW extension in the Pleistocene. The remarkable change in the sedimentary facies and provenance since ~1.8 Ma is possibly a signal of either weak or strong NE–SW extension. This result implies that the main tectonic transition ages of ~2.8–2.6 Ma and ~1.8 Ma in the Weihe–Shanxi Graben are affected by the Tibetan Plateau in Pliocene–Pleistocene.     

Effects of geological and tectonic characteristics on the earthquake-triggered Daguangbao landslide,China

The Daguangbao landslide is the largest co-seismic landslide triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake (Ms 8.0) occurred on 12 May 2008. The landslide, which is 4.6 km long and 3.7 km wide, involves a volume of approximately 1.2 × 10⁹ m³. An exposed slip surface, situated at the southern flank of its source area, was observed with a length of 1.8 km along the main sliding direction and an area of 0.3 km². To study the geological and tectonic characteristics of the source area and their contributions to the landslide formation during the earthquake, detailed geological investigations were firstly conducted. And it is reached that the landslide occurred on the northwestern limb of the Dashuizha anticline with its scarp showing several geological structures, including joint sets, local faults, and folds. These tectonic-related structures potentially influenced the failure of the landslide. Secondly, further investigations were focused on the inclined planar sliding surface using 12 exploratory trenches, nine boreholes, a tunnel, borehole sonic data, and micro-images. These data reveal that the rock mass along the sliding surface was the fragmented rock of a bedding fault. A pulverized zone was observed on the sliding surface, which was the zone of shear localization during the landslide. This suggests that the shear failure of the Daguangbao landslide developed within the bedding fault. The rapid failure of the landslide was associated with the degradation of the rock mass strength of the bedding fault both before and during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. With this study, we propose that a pre-existing large discontinuity within a slope may be the basis for initiating a large landslide during earthquake.