Incremental Nonlinear Models

In this paper the incremental nonlinear models are generally discussed, the correlation of this sort of models with others and the difference between them are interpreted, and some basic concepts are clarified. We presented a nonlinear dilatant stress-strain model for soil, which is referred to as KKG model for the sake of simplicity. The experimental results of a sand sample are used to determine the moduli for the following models KKG, KG (the deformation model), and Eν (elastoplastic model) respectively. The comparison of the calculation values of these models with the associated experimental results shows good fittings and prediction of KKG model, and its good simulation of soil dilatant behaviour in particular. The predicted pore pressure and effective stress path have a reasonably good agreement with observed results as well.     

珠江口盆地珠一坳陷地温-地压系统特征及其对油气分布的影响

盆地地温和地压对油气成藏有重要的控制作用。针对珠江口盆地珠一坳陷的地温—地压系统特征研究薄弱的问题,以实测数据为基础,应用地温—地压系统概念,分析珠一坳陷3个典型凹陷的地温、地压及地温—地压系统特征,探讨其成因并分析其与油气分布的关系。认为珠一坳陷地温梯度表现为浅层低而深层高的特征;地压场表现为恩平组发育弱超压,文昌组发育中幅超压;珠一坳陷发育高压型复式地温—地压系统,即浅层为静压型地温—地压系统,深层为高压型地温—地压系统。迄今为止,珠一坳陷已发现的油气藏集中在浅部层系,以断层油气藏为主,而根据高压型复式地温—地压系统的基本特征,预测深部层系中极有可能发育与断裂活动无关的超压型岩性油气藏。显然查明地温—地压系统分布特征对珠一坳陷油气藏分布预测及勘探部署具有十分重要的指导意义。     

多功能海底大地电磁数据处理软件包

作者在本文中详细地介绍了“863计划”项目“海底大地电磁数据处理和解释系统研究”所取得的成果。本系统功能强大,既能对海底数据进行畸变改正、压制噪声、二维正反演、三维正演,又能对中国南海、东海典型地段进行正演模拟。     

浙赣交界地区上奥陶统红家坞组(O3h)

红家坞组为 1/ 5万《球川镇幅》和《常山县幅》新建岩石地层单位。本组分布于浙皖盆地东南缘 ,系指江山、常山、玉山地区 (简称为“三山”地区 )出露的一套杂色砂岩—泥岩组合 ,层位与文昌组灰绿色砂岩、粉砂岩相当 ,在岩性、岩相上又与之有明显区别的海相红层 ,厚度 380— 4 83m ,典型剖面位于浙江省江山市大桥镇仕阳尾行政村红家坞村。该组的建立 ,丰富了浙赣“三山”地区岩石地层资料。     

神经网络反演双侧向电阻率测井曲线的物理约束

以一种新型高分辨率双侧向测井仪器在二维轴对称地层模型中的模拟响应为训练集训练BP神经网络，得到了针对该双侧向测井仪的反演网络模型。在训练中，神经网络结构的确定一般采用交叉验证法，但这种验证法经验性的成分偏重，不能完全解决网络结构的范化问题。为此，本文在模型的训练中，在交叉验证的基础上，根据双侧向测井的原理和仪器响应特性，提出了一种新的物理约束方法；反演地层电阻率的误差应随着侵入半径的增加而加大，违反此规律的模型不予采纳。理论研究结果表明，由此得到的神经网络模型具有很好的范化能力。     

卵形鲳大规模死亡的病原及其防治

报道了海南海水网箱养殖卵形鲳大规模死亡的病原及其防治方法。对典型患病个体进行病原分离并经回归感染实验表明 ,引起该病的病原为嗜麦芽假单胞菌。该病原菌对青霉素类药物和呋喃类药物均高度敏感 ,在生产中应用这些药物对该病进行防治效果良好。     

Quantitative geophysical pore‐type characterization and its geological implication in carbonate reservoirs

This paper discusses and addresses two questions in carbonate reservoir characterization: how to characterize pore‐type distribution quantitatively from well observations and seismic data based on geologic understanding of the reservoir and what geological implications stand behind the pore‐type distribution in carbonate reservoirs. To answer these questions, three geophysical pore types (reference pores, stiff pores and cracks) are defined to represent the average elastic effective properties of complex pore structures. The variability of elastic properties in carbonates can be quantified using a rock physics scheme associated with different volume fractions of geophysical pore types. We also explore the likely geological processes in carbonates based on the proposed rock physics template. The pore‐type inversion result from well log data fits well with the pore geometry revealed by a FMI log and core information. Furthermore, the S‐wave prediction based on the pore‐type inversion result also shows better agreement than the Greensberg‐Castagna relationship, suggesting the potential of this rock physics scheme to characterize the porosity heterogeneity in carbonate reservoirs. We also apply an inversion technique to quantitatively map the geophysical pore‐type distribution from a 2D seismic data set in a carbonate reservoir offshore Brazil. The spatial distributions of the geophysical pore type contain clues about the geological history that overprinted these rocks. Therefore, we analyse how the likely geological processes redistribute pore space of the reservoir rock from the initial depositional porosity and in turn how they impact the reservoir quality.     

东山九孔鲍病毒病病毒的分离观察

运用电镜负染和超薄切片技术，在福建东山患病的九孔鲍的肾组织细胞，肝细胞和肠上皮细胞中可见有大小为100nm的具包囊的六角形病毒颗粒，病鲍组织匀浆后，经蔗糖分步超速离心，RNA酶及DNA酶消化去除组织内DNA，RNA后，获得纯化的病毒颗粒，又经蛋白酶K消化后得到病毒的核酸，以DNaseⅠ或RNaseA分别消化，经1%（m/n)的琼脂糖凝胶电泳证实该病毒为DNA病毒。     

塔里木盆地和田河气田下奥陶统白云岩成因

塔里木盆地和田河气田是最近探明的大型碳酸盐岩气田,下奥陶统主要发育两类白云岩。下部为层状白云岩,以细晶为主,阴极发光呈紫红色和蓝紫色,有序度为0.57～0.68,Sr、Na含量低,碳氧同位素偏负,成岩深度约1500m;上部斑状灰质白云岩与层状白云岩相比,晶形较粗、以中晶为主,有序度较高、为0.85～0.90,Sr偏高、Na偏低,碳氧同位素更偏负,成岩深度约2000m。通过对上述特征综合研究,认为层状白云岩形成于早期浅埋藏海水-淡水混合环境,提出斑状灰质白云岩形成于晚期深埋藏压实流-淡水混合环境,总结了两种成因机理,建立了相关的白云石化模式。     

河南公峪石英脉型金矿地质特征及应力场分析

公峪金矿位于河南省祁雨沟隐爆角砾岩型金矿床的外围,为石英脉型金矿床,矿脉沿ＮＮＥ、ＮＥ,ＮＥＥ向断裂构造发育。矿石中金属矿物除黄铁矿、自然金、黄铜矿、方铅矿外,还出现少量碲铋矿,辉蹄铋矿,硫铋铅铜矿等含铋矿物;矿石中微量元素除Ａｕ外,还含有较多的Ｃｕ,Ｐｂ,Ａｇ,与隐爆角砾岩型金矿床成分特征一致。构造应力场研究表明,燕山期以来,在矿区表现较强的应力场主要有３期,分别为早期近ＥＷ向挤压,中期ＮＮＷ向