辽西北票(金-羊)盆地北票组层序地层及沉积体系特征

为揭示北票(金-羊)盆地内北票组层序地层特征及沉积体系分布规律,应用层序地层学及沉积学理论和方法,综合利用野外露头、剖面等资料,建立了北票(金-羊)盆地北票组的层序地层格架,确定研究区的沉积相类型及分布规律。研究结果表明,北票(金-羊)盆地北票组可划分为2个三级层序,其内部可进一步划分为7个准层序组。在层序内识别出冲积扇、辫状河三角洲、湖泊3个沉积相。明确了沉积相的分布规律,向上形成由冲积扇到辫状河三角洲,再到湖相,最后是辫状河三角洲的沉积体系;平面上呈近北西—南东向展布的沉积体系,整体构成2个水进、水退的沉积体系。古地貌影响了底部冲积扇相沉积物的沉积特征。气候不仅影响了沉积物类型,且和湖平面变化共同控制了沉积物的演化规律。     

南海南部陆缘地质流体类型及其油气成藏意义

南海南部陆缘蕴藏着非常丰富的油气资源。为了解南海南部陆缘流体活动系统以及与油气藏之间的关系,以高精度2D地震资料为基础,对南海南部陆缘流体活动系统的类型、地震反射特征、以及对油气成藏的意义开展了研究。在南海南部陆缘发现了多种流体活动系统,包括:泥底辟/泥火山、气烟囱、管状通道、与构造断层相关的流体活动系统。这些流体活动系统具有不同的地震反射特征,常常出现含气强振幅异常带、弱振幅杂乱反射带以及"下拉"或者"上拱"地震反射形态等流体活动系统的标志特征。流体活动系统受到构造运动和沉积因素的影响,并且与深部高温高压塑性流体密切相关,流体活动系统优先发育在地层薄弱部位。流体活动系统及所伴生的断裂和裂隙常常作为油气富集区的运输通道;并且流体活动系统所运移的强溶蚀性流体和深部热液流体有利于油气储层的形成,特别是对于碳酸盐岩储层的改造尤为明显。因此,流体活动系统不仅能作为油气运移通道,也可以改善储层,对油气成藏具有重要意义。     

河西内陆河流域水资源及其动态变化

The Qilian Mountains is the cradle of all inland rivers in the Hexi arid region. The mountain glaciers are an important water resources for this region. Changes of the mountain runoffs resulted from global climate warming will have important impacts on the development of human society and economy in the region. In this paper, the river runoffs from the Qilian Mountains and their dynamic changes are analyzed on the basis of the instrumental data of precipitation, air temperature, and discharge from the weather and hydrological stations in the study area. The results show that the annual change in the mountain runoffs is affected mainly by precipitation in the east of the region, but also by temeprature in the west of the region. There are some obvious regional differences in the influence of climatic change on surface runoffs in the Hexi region. River runoffs in the western part of the Hexi region have been increasing, whereas those in the eastern part have been decreasing. River runoffs in the central part such as the Heihe River, present a slow increasing trend, although it is not quite visible     

Effect of Shale Reservoir Characteristics on Shale Oil Movability in the Lower Third Member of the Shahejie Formation,Zhanhua Sag

To reveal the effect of shale reservoir characteristics on the movability of shale oil and its action mechanism in the lower third member of the Shahejie Formation(Es3l), samples with different features were selected and analyzed using N2 adsorption, high-pressure mercury injection capillary pressure(MICP), nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR), high-speed centrifugation, and displacement image techniques. The results show that shale pore structure characteristics control shale oil movability directly. Movable oil saturation has a positive relationship with pore volume for radius > 2 μm, as larger pores often have higher movable oil saturation, indicating that movable oil is present in relatively larger pores. The main reasons for this are as follows. The relatively smaller pores often have oil-wetting properties because of organic matter, which has an unfavorable effect on the flow of oil, while the relatively larger pores are often wetted by water, which is helpful to shale oil movability. The rich surface provided by the relatively smaller pores is beneficial to the adsorption of immovable oil. Meanwhile, the relatively larger pores create significant pore volume for movable oil. Moreover, the larger pores often have good pore connectivity. Pores and fractures are interconnected to form a complex fracture network, which provides a good permeability channel for shale oil flow. The smaller pores are mostly distributed separately;thus, they are not conducive to the flow of shale oil. The mineral composition and fabric macroscopically affect the movability of shale oil. Calcite plays an active role in shale oil movability by increasing the brittleness of shale and is more likely to form micro-cracks under the same stress background. Clay does not utilize shale oil flow because of its large specific surface area and its block effect. The bedding structure increases the large-scale storage space and improves the connectivity of pores at different scales, which is conducive to the movability of shale oil.     

西藏冈底斯带昂仁县差绒—丁欧复式花岗岩的成因：锆石U-Pb年代学及地球化学制约

西藏冈底斯带昂仁县措迈乡差绒—丁欧复式花岗岩岩石类型为石英闪长岩、黑云二长花岗岩和二长花岗岩,各侵入体之间为突变接触关系,闪长岩U- Pb同位素年龄为155.4±2.7Ma;黑云二长花岗岩U- Pb同位素年龄为152.0±13Ma、153.96±0.92Ma,时代均为晚侏罗世。岩石地球化学显示三者均为高钾钙碱性系列岩石,石英闪长岩为弱铝质―准铝质;黑云二长花岗岩和二长花岗岩则为准铝质—过铝质。黑云二长花岗岩和二长花岗岩相比石英闪长岩表现为富硅、富碱、贫Ca、Ti、Mg,轻稀土元素更富集,轻稀土分馏程度更高,分异更加明显的特点,微量元素二长花岗岩Ba、Sr、P、Ti亏损最为明显,黑云二长花岗岩的Rb、Th、K富集最为明显,石英闪长岩相比黑云二长花岗岩和二长花岗岩的Rb/Sr（0.18~0.46）、Rb/Ba值（0.13~0.26）最低,指示其分异演化程度较低。差绒—丁欧花岗岩应是同时代不同期次侵入的复式岩体,早期为I型的石英闪长岩和黑云二长花岗岩,晚期为S型二长花岗岩,该复式岩体并非产出于单一的俯冲环境,二长花岗岩可能为弧陆碰撞时的产物。     

不同产地绿松石无损检测及岩相结构特征研究

概述了绿松石的使用历史和产地来源。利用质子激发X射线荧光光谱（PIXE）、X射线衍射（XRD）及扫描电镜（SEM）技术对来自伊朗、湖北郧县和西藏等地的绿松石样品进行岩石矿物学特征分析，从成分组成方面探讨绿松石的呈色机理。结果显示，不同产地、不同质地绿松石的成分组成存在较大差别，但主成分含量基本一致；绿松石的颜色主要由其中CuO和Fe2O3的含量比值变化决定，比值由大至小，实现了绿松石颜色由天蓝色到绿色的转变。     

武当地块基性岩席群及其地质意义

侵位于武当地块内部的大量的板状为基性侵入体近年来一直被认为是800Ma左右发生的扬子古大陆裂解的重要依据。然而作者在武当地块北缘与西南部所做的1：5万地质填图以及相应的构造学和同位素年代学研究表明，它们与武当地块顺层伸展滑脱构造主滑脱面之顺层韧性一韧性变形带有密切的空间关系，是被褶皱了的岩席群。最新获得的岩体单颗粒锆石U－Pb年龄为401－407Ma，结合已有的地球化学研究成果，并考虑到邻区同时代碱性岩浆的侵位，作者认为，这套基性岩群代表了泥盆纪时南秦岭地区曾发生过大规模的上地幔岩浆的底侵作用，并因此导致南秦岭上部地壳的伸展减薄。     

物探在甘肃省宕昌县代家庄铅锌矿找矿中的作用和效果

对代家庄铅锌矿地物化综合勘查中物探在不同找矿阶段所起作用和效果进行了再认识。首先利用区域重磁场特征划分东、西秦岭的分界,揭示出东、西秦岭不同的地质构造背景和控矿的差异性;激电测量借助探测目标物的物性差异普详查起到间接找矿作用;据高精度磁测弱异常差异,探讨了成岩成矿的氧化还原环境;利用可控源音频大地电磁测深,在探采阶段,由已知含矿部位向外围进行定位预测指导采矿。     

FLAC 3D 强度折减理论在边坡稳定分析中的应用

FLAC3D 是岩土工程中广泛应用的软件。本文主要介绍强度折减理论的基本原理,利用基于强度折减法的FLAC3D 软件,对某高速公路K377 + 230 ～ K377 + 520 段滑坡体进行数值模拟。计算边坡在自重作用达到初始化平衡状态时,边坡的横向与竖直方向的应力与位移,分析出边坡的破坏机制为牵引式滑坡,通过强度折减理论计算出边坡的稳定系数为0. 97,由剪切应变增量云图确定边坡的滑动面。     

漂浮植物修复技术净化城市河湖水体试验研究

阐述了漂浮栽培植物修复系统的技术原理、特点与系统组成, 研究了在该系统中种植美人 蕉和旱伞草2 种植物的生长状况以及这些植物对城市河湖水体中氮、磷等的净化效果。尝试了将 漂浮栽培植物与生物接触氧化技术结合起来, 并研究了植物与生物填料的组合系统对水质的改 善效果。结果表明, 美人蕉和风车草在漂浮植物修复系统对氨氮的去除率均在90%以上, 漂浮栽 培植物与软性填料的组合系统对水中COD_Mn 的去除率达46%以上。