水量统一调度以来黄河宁夏河段引黄耗水量分析

对1999~2012年黄河水量统一调度期间宁夏河段引水和退水的年内和年际变化、引排比关系进行了分析。采用引退水法和水量平衡法计算了宁夏河段的引黄耗水量。结果表明:引退水法平均耗水量为32.64×10~8m~3,年际变化相对比较平缓;水量平衡法平均耗水量为39.37×10~8m~3,年际变化非常明显。建议进一步加强实际引退水口门的数量核实和引退水的监测分析工作。     

胶东海阳所超镁铁岩中强亲铁元素的地球化学特征及其构造环境探讨

强亲铁元素与亲石元素具有不同的地球化学行为,因此能够从不同的角度为造山带中超镁铁岩的成因及演化提供重要信息。位于苏鲁造山带东北端的胶东海阳所超镁铁岩主要由橄榄岩和辉石岩组成,它们常以团块状赋存于花岗质片麻岩中。虽然前人对这些超镁铁岩已经开展大量岩石学研究,但关于其成因及构造属性仍存在较大争议。本文开展了海阳所超镁铁岩的全岩主微量元素、强亲铁元素及Re-Os同位素的分析工作,结果显示蛇纹石化橄榄岩具有较高的MgO和Fe₂O₃^T含量,较低的Al₂O₃、TiO₂和CaO含量,明显富集流体迁移元素（U、Pb）,亏损高场强元素（Zr、Hf）,强亲铁元素没有发生明显分异,但Ru显示正异常,表明海阳所蛇纹石化橄榄岩是经历了低-中等程度部分熔融及熔/流体交代作用影响的残余地幔橄榄岩。海阳所辉石岩的主量元素表现出明显的结晶分异特征,稀土元素较原始地幔富集,铂族元素（PGEs）含量较低且发生了明显的分异,表明辉石岩的地幔源区经历过高程度的部分熔融和硫化物的分离。海阳所蛇纹石化橄榄岩的Os同位素地球化学特征表现出大洋亲和性,与辉石岩不具有熔体-残留体的关系。由于该地区发育较深层次的韧性剪切带,蛇纹石化橄榄岩中的橄榄石与辉石表现出韧性变形的特征,同时有辉石岩侵入到橄榄岩的现象,表明该地区的蛇纹石化地幔橄榄岩与辉石岩既不同时,也不同源,因此,暗示了该套岩石组合可能形成于大洋核杂岩（OCC）与洋脊型蛇绿岩（MOR）堆晶岩交互发育环境。

     

祁漫塔格东段晚三叠世花岗岩与流纹岩岩浆同源性:年代学、地球化学及Nd、Pb同位素制约

祁漫塔格位于东昆仑西段,对该地区晚三叠世火成岩的研究不仅有助于认识东昆仑造山带印支期构造—岩浆演化历史,而且为古特提斯洋俯冲时限及洋盆闭合时限提供约束。本次在克停哈尔南的二长花岗岩中获得了219.8±0.5 Ma的锆石U-Pb年龄,结合以往获得的年龄数据,可以确定该期火成岩为晚三叠世岩浆活动的产物。全岩地球化学分析结果显示,祁漫塔格东段晚三叠世火成岩为准铝到弱过铝质岩石,属高钾钙碱性系列,富集轻稀土和Rb、Th、K等大离子亲石元素,不同程度亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti等高场强元素,具有明显的铕负异常,显示板块俯冲阶段的特征。花岗岩与流纹岩具有相似的Nd、Pb同位素组成,花岗岩ε_(Nd)(t)值介于-4.66～-4.53之间,亏损地幔模式年龄T_(DM2)为1363～1375 Ma,流纹岩ε_(Nd)(t)值为-4.63,T_(DM2)=1368 Ma。在n(~(143)Nd)/n(~(144)Nd)—n(~(206)Pb)/n(~(204)Pb)图解和Pb同位素组成图解中投影点均位于上地壳和EMII地幔端元附近。祁漫塔格东段晚三叠世花岗岩与流纹岩空间分布关系密切,形成时间相近,主、微量元素和Nd、Pb同位素特征方面都具有相似性或一致性,因此,笔者认为它们为同一时期、同一构造环境下的同源岩浆产物。结合区域资料和本文研究,初步分析认为东昆仑地区该时期处于板块俯冲阶段的活动大陆边缘弧环境,古特提斯洋尚未完全闭合。     

曹娥江大闸钢结构防腐蚀试验研究

根据曹娥江大闸的环境特点,对不同厂家的喷涂金属涂层和富锌涂料进行了浪溅区、潮差区和大气区的室外近2年的暴露试验以及室内近10 500 h的盐雾试验、盐水周期性浸泡试验和盐水浸泡试验.研究结果表明,喷涂金属层耐腐蚀性能普遍优于富锌涂料层;在试验采用的富锌涂料中,高锌粉含量的富锌涂料防腐蚀性能优于低锌粉含量的富锌涂料;从长效防腐蚀角度考虑,建议采用喷涂金属防腐蚀措施.     

新疆伊宁县塔吾尔别克金矿床流体包裹体特征研究及矿床成因

塔吾尔别克金矿床是西天山吐拉苏断陷盆地中一个重要的金矿床。矿体主要赋存于早石炭世二长斑岩及大哈拉军组第五岩性段安山岩、蚀变凝灰岩中,受断裂构造控制,矿床围岩蚀变作用普遍而强烈。矿石金属矿物主要为黄铁矿、自然金、赤铁矿和黄铜矿等,非金属矿物主要为石英、斜长石、方解石等。成矿过程大致划分为3个成矿阶段:1石英-黄铁矿阶段;2石英-硫化物脉阶段;3石英-碳酸盐阶段。石英及方解石中流体包裹体类型简单,主要为气液两相水包裹体和纯液相水包裹体。包裹体测试均一温度为100~196℃,流体盐度为0.0%~7.3%(质量分数,NaCl_(eq)),流体密度为0.9~1.0 g/cm~3,计算出成矿压力为5.2~81.9 MPa,对应成矿深度为0.5~7.4 km。塔吾尔别克金矿床成矿流体包裹体显示低温度、低盐度和较低密度的流体特征,表明成矿压力小和深度较浅。结合矿床地质特征、流体包裹体特征及前人研究成果,初步认为该矿床为浅成低温热液型金矿床。     

Evaluation of the four potential Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundaries in the Nanxiong Basin based on evidences from volcanic activity and paleoclimatic evolution

Determining the location of the Cretaceous-Paleogene(K-Pg) boundary in terrestrial strata is highly significant for studying the evolution of terrestrial ecosystems at the end of the Cretaceous(especially the extinction of non-avian dinosaurs). At present, research on terrestrial K-Pg boundaries worldwide is concentrated in the middle and high latitudes, such as North America and Northeast China. Although many studies have also been carried out in the Nanxiong Basin, located at low latitudes(which has become the standard for dividing and comparing the continental K-Pg stratigraphy in China), many researchers have proposed four possible boundaries from different perspectives. Therefore, the exact location remains to be determined. In this study, the total mercury(Hg) content, environmental magnetism, geochemistry, and other parameters for the samples collected near the four boundaries were determined and compared with existing records. Results indicated that: 1) The total Hg content significantly increased in the upper part of the Zhenshui Formation and Pingling part of the Shanghu Formation with sharp fluctuations. As per latest dating results of Deccan Traps, the significantly high Hg value was attributed to the Deccan Traps eruption. Boundary 1 was located in the middle of the Hg anomaly interval, which was consistent with the relationship between the global K-Pg boundary and time of volcanic eruption. 2) The reconstructed paleoclimate evolution curve revealed that the red sediments in the basin recorded the late Maastrichtian warming event(66.2 Ma). Regarding the relationship between the four boundaries and this warming event, only boundary 1 was found to be closest to the real K-Pg boundary of the Nanxiong Basin.     

Anomalous Enrichment of Silver in Organic Matter of the Songxi Shale-hosted Ag-Sb Deposit in Northeastern Guangdong

The silver contents of organic matter in the host rocks of the Songxi shale-hosted Ag-Sb deposit of northeastern Guangdong, South China, have been directly determined using the electron microprobe technique. The silver contents in two types of organic matter, marine vitrinite and solid bitumen, vary in the range from 100×10-6to 350×10-6, which are from tens of times to thousands of times higher than those of the host rocks in the ore deposit. The average silver content of the organic matter is also several times higher than the pay grade of silver for commercial mining of the ore deposit. It is quite obvious that the organic matter of the host rocks in the ore district is characterized by an anomalous enrichment of silver. The results of this study indicate that the silver anomalies in the organic matter have been derived from both the host rocks and the silver-bearing fluids of the Songxi black shale ore source. In the course of sedimentation and later hydrothermal reworking, organic matter was able     

晚更新世以来内伶仃洋河口湾的地层层序和沉积演化

通过对内伶仃洋河口湾22个钻孔沉积物的高分辨14C测年、古生物鉴定、沉积物粒度及地球化学分析,开展了晚更新世地层划分,探讨了晚更新世以来的沉积演化过程。内伶仃洋河口湾地层被含花斑黏土层的风化层隔开,划分为上下2组,侵蚀面上下分别为全新统和上更新统地层。受晚更新世以来2次海侵的影响,内伶仃洋河口湾沉积演化分成了6个阶段,详细阐述了每个阶段的气候变化、海平面波动、沉积特征和沉积过程。     

西北沙巴盆地油气地质特征及油气成藏控制因素

以油气地质理论为指导,在构造、沉积地层特征研究的基础上,重点分析了西北沙巴盆地不同构造区烃源岩、储集层、圈闭等油气地质特征,并分析了构造对盆地油气成藏的控制作用。认为该盆地的主要烃源岩是Stage Ⅳ泥/页岩;有利储集层为由Stage ⅣC、Stage ⅣD砂岩组成的上砂岩单元、Stage ⅣA砂岩组成的下砂岩单元以及Stage ⅣC、Stage ⅣD滑塌形成的深水浊积扇;总结出下、上及深水3套储盖组合。盆地各烃源岩、储集层受构造—地貌控制分布于不同的构造区;受不同时期变形作用的影响,盆地各构造区内发育不同类型的圈闭,进而控制了盆地油气藏的形成和分布。     

运用因子分析评价山东黑泥湾沉积物重金属污染来源

在对山东黑泥湾沉积物中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Hg、As、Cr和有机质进行分析测试的基础上,运用因子分析评价沉积物中重金属污染来源,结果表明,山东黑泥湾沉积物中存在Pb、Zn和Cd污染;主成分分析中前3个主成分的贡献率分别为44.656%、19.068%和18.098%;认为山东黑泥湾重金属污染主要有3个来源:有机质降解、海上船舶排污和环境背景。