基于栅格数字高程模型自动提取黄土地貌沟沿线技术研究

从数字高程模型中提取具有精确定位特征的连续的沟沿线是构建黄土沟壑丘陵地区土壤侵蚀,泥沙搬运和径流过程的空间分布式机理－过程模型的关键技术。本文提出了基于地貌形态学特征的地貌提取技术,在提取具有代表性的黄土丘陵沟壑区山西离石王家沟流域汇流网络的基础上,自动提取了该流域完整的沟沿线,得到了满意的结果。     

西昌地区地方震尾波衰减Q值

基于单次散射模型的尾波动功率谱分析法,利用西昌遥测台网地震波实时处理系统记录的２４个地震数字化波形资料,计算了西昌地区地球介质对应于１３个不同的ＱＣ值,在１．０－２０．０Ｈｚ频率范围内,以幂函数ＱＣ＝ＱＣｆ＾ｎ拟合ＱＣ值随的变化关系,其中Ｑ０值在４３．０－８２．４之间,ｎ值在０．２４－０．９４之间,平均值分别为６６．２和０．５３。     

915MHz亚铁磁共振升温效应的实验研究

为了改进肿瘤的微波热疗,我们进行９１５ＭＨｚ微波亚铁磁共振的实验研究。结果表明９１５ＭＨｚ微波象２４５０ＭＨｚ一样,有明显而尖锐的亚铁共振升温。实验测量了不同聚集状态,不同饱和磁化强度亚铁磁共振介质的共振升温并用鸡蛋清受热固化来显示共振升温度分布的影响。     

U-Series Chronology of Lacustrine Deposits in Death Valley, California

Uranium-series dating on a 186-m core (DV93-1) drilled from Badwater Basin in Death Valley, California, and on calcareous tufas from nearby strandlines shows that Lake Manly, the lake that periodically flooded Death Valley during the late Pleistocene, experienced large fluctuations in depth and chemistry over the last 200,000 yr. Death Valley has been occupied by a long-standing deep lake, perennial shallow saline lakes, and a desiccated salt pan similar to the modern valley floor. The average sedimentation rate of about 1 mm/yr for core DV93-1 was punctuated by episodes of more-rapid accumulation of halite. Arid conditions similar to the modern conditions prevailed during the entire Holocene and between 120,000 and 60,000 yr B.P. From 35,000 yr B.P. to the beginning of the Holocene, a perennial saline lake existed, over 70 m at its deepest. A much deeper and longer lasting perennial Lake Manly existed from about 185,000 to 128,000 yr B.P., with water depths reaching about 175 m, if not 330 m. This lake had two significant “dry” excursions of 10²–10³yr duration about 166,000 and 146,000 yr B.P., and it began to shrink to the point of halite precipitation between 128,000 and 120,000 yr B.P. The two perennial lake periods correspond to marine oxygen isotopic stages (OIS) 2 and 6. Based on the shoreline tufa ages, we do not rule out the possible existence 200,000 yr ago of yet a third perennial lake comparable in size to the OIS 6 lake. The²³⁴U/²³⁸U data suggest that U in tufa owes its origin mainly to Ca-rich springs fed by groundwater that emanated along lake shorelines in southern Death Valley, and that an increase of this spring-water input relative to the river-water input apparently occurred during OIS 6.     

通化集安群石榴子石和黑云母微区化学成分特征及其对变质作用p-T-t轨迹的指示意义

集安群片麻岩中石榴子石和黑云母接触带两侧边缘广泛发育Fe－Mg交换反应所形成的扩散环带,但晶体内部各自保持变质峰期的成分,中温带石榴子石可保留生长环带。经微区化学成分详细研究后,正确运用Grt－Bt温度计获得进变质阶段,变质高峰期和修期后Fe－Mg交换反应停止时的温度条件。按石榴子石和斜长石的微区钙含量变化确定了峰期和退变质阶段压力。据此建立起逆时针形式的变质作用p－T－t轨迹,反映该区早元古代陆壳内裂陷带的闭合过程。     

断层封闭性研究进展

对断层封闭性的研究现状进行了总结,概述了断层封闭性理论机理,影响因素和评价方法,对其中存在的一些问题如封闭机理及与有关的评价方法,构造反转与断层封闭的关系以及断层封闭性的三维研究问题进行了讨论。     

储层裂缝特征测井解释方法综述

为了更好地研究裂缝性砂砾岩储层和其它裂缝性储层裂缝的测井解释问题,综述了目前在裂缝性储层裂缝测井解释中主要采用的常规评价、人工神经网络和斯通利波３类方法在识别裂缝带和定量计算储层裂缝参数两个方面的应用原理和研究现状,并指出了今后的一些研究方向。     

扫描电镜分析各类微体化石样品最佳镀膜的探讨

根据多年的工作经验和试验对比,总结出了非导电微体化石－放射虫,硅藻,竹节石,有孔虫,介形虫,轮藻,牙形石,海绵骨针等的最佳镀膜方法和最佳镀膜厚度。     

Silicon Isotope Geochemistry of Micro—Fine Disseminated Gold Deposits in SW Guizhou and NW Guangxi,China

Quartz was studied with respect to its silicon isotopic composition and cathodoluminescence in micro-fine disseminated gold deposits in SW Guizhou and NW Guangxi.The results showed that quartz in wall rocks.ores and that in association with hydrothermal silicification are distinctive in silicon isotopes and cathodoluminescence characters.Quartz in association with primary silicification is non-luminescent while that in wall rocks and associated with secondary silicification exhibits striking luminescence.Based on the dynamic fractionation of silicon isotopes,it is suggested that the mineralization was accompanied by rapid transport of aprimary siliceous fluid along the major deep fault system into subordinate faults before ore components deposited in favorable strata via penetration and metasomatism.Therefore,a deep origin is implicit for gold deposits of this type.     

Experimental observation on the characteristics of the near-surface turbulence over the Antarctic ice sheets during the polar day period

Based on the ultrasonic anemometer/thermometer data in the East Antarctic coastal area ice sheets ob-tained first by Chinese scientists, turbulent intensity, kinetic energy and sensible heat of turbulence, surface roughness height drag coefficient and normalized variation were calculated and analysed using the eddy-correlation method. The results show that the values of roughness height and drag coefficient are 4.3 X 10 m and 1.8x 10 -³, respectively. These turbulent parameters have apparent diurnal variations. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 49675252).