大兴安岭锡多金属成矿带花岗岩地球化学特征

大兴安岭中南段华力西褶皱带是我国北方重要的锡多金属成矿带。已发现了许多大中型锡矿床、锡多金属矿床、铅锌矿床、铜矿床等。这些矿床形成与花岗岩有密切成因联系。本文较详细地阐述了花岗岩产出的地质背景,各期次花岗岩的地球化学特征,提出与成矿有关的花岗岩体地质地球化学判别标志。     

南非维特沃特斯兰德盆地绍斯迪普金矿床地质特征、成矿模式和找矿模型

对南非兰德砾岩型金矿床的研究成果进行总结,概括了绍斯迪普金矿床的区域地质背景、岩石地层划分,较为系统地分析了矿床的地质特征和矿床成因。 得出如下结论：①金的主要来源可能与太古宙含金花岗绿岩带有密切关系;②金矿体主要受太古宙文特斯多普砾岩地层和中兰德群中的Turffontein亚群埃尔斯伯格组砾岩地层控制;③金矿床可能经历了早期沉积成岩成矿阶段—后期改造富集多个（Klipriviersberg火山活动作用时期和与2050Ma布什维尔德杂岩体有关的变质作用高峰时期）阶段,为复合成因的层控改造型矿床。研究结果对该类矿床的深入研究和走出去的中国企业有重要的参考价值。     

Sea water environment copper requirement of egg hatching and naupliar metamorphosis of Peaneus chinensis

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上海大气折射指数振动及其与降水量和太阳黑子的关系

用交叉谱分析方法研究近地面大气折射指数N单位平均值、月降水总量与太阳黑子相对数之间多频振动特征。结果发现:初夏,N单位与太阳黑子(或降水量)在准5年及准2年(或准7年、准4年及准3年)周期附近有十分密切的关系;初秋,N单位与太阳黑子在准5年、准2年周期附近密切相关;N单位与降水量除在短周期准3年、准2年附近有密切关系外,在长周期准35年附近亦有较密切的关系。     

我国季节性冻土区公路路基冻害及其防治研究进展

近年来,季节性冻土区公路路基冻害研究已取得了长足的进步,但是,因受气候、环境、冻融循环等不同因素的影响,季节性冻土区公路路基冻害问题依然突出.随着国家公路规划网的逐步实施,将有更多的公路工程向季节性冻土区推进,为了将已有的研究成果更好地应用于工程实践,需对其进行综合评述.基于前期的研究基础,总结我国季节性冻土区公路路基冻害的主要破坏形式及分布区域,讨论影响路基冻害的几个主要因素,分析和总结已有公路路基冻害防治措施的研究现状,提出季节性冻土区公路工程面临的问题和研究建议,为深化季节性冻土区公路路基冻害及其防治研究提供新思路.     

Rare-earth element geochemistry reveals the provenance of sediments on the southwestern margin of the Challenger Deep

The hadal zone represents one of the last great frontiers in modern marine science,and deciphering the provenance of sediment that is supplied to these trench settings remains a largely unanswered question.Here,we examine the mineralogical and geochemical composition of a sediment core(core CD-1)that was recovered from the southwestern margin of the Challenger Deep within the Mariana Trench.Major element abundances and rare-earth element patterns from these sediments require inputs from both terrigenous dust and locally sourced volcanic debris.We exploit a two-endmember mixing model to demonstrate that locally sourced volcanic material dominates the sediment supply to the Challenger Deep(averaging^72%).The remainder,however,is supplied by aeolian dust(averaging^28%),which is consistent with adjacent studies that utilized Sr-Nd isotopic data.Building on a growing database,we strengthen our understanding of Asian aeolian dust input into the northwestern Pacific,which ultimately improves our appreciation of sedimentation in,and around,the hadal zone.     

羌塘盆地中生界海相黑色泥页岩特征及页岩气远景区预测

青藏高原羌塘盆地中生界发育上三叠统肖茶卡组（T3x）、中侏罗统布曲组（J2b）和上侏罗统索瓦组（J3s）3套海相黑色泥页岩,形成于有机质比较丰富且易于保存的营养型还原性沉积环境,以台地相为主,其次为盆地相和三角洲相;厚度在41～474 m范围内,有机碳（TOC）含量平均值为0.25%～8.34%,有机质类型主要为Ⅱ型干酪根,镜质体反射率（Ro）平均值为1.21%～3.0%,处于高-过成熟生气阶段,脆性矿物以石英、长石为主,含量为65%～70%,页岩孔隙度约2%。与美国主要盆地产气页岩各项指标相比较,羌塘盆地中生界海相黑色泥页岩具有厚度大、有机质丰度低、热演化熟度高、脆性矿物种类多、石英含量较低、长石和粘土矿物含量较高及孔隙度低的特征,具备了形成页岩气基本地质条件,是我国海相页岩气勘探的沉积盆地之一,综合评价预测的页岩气远景区以上三叠统肖茶卡组（T3x）分布范围大,其次是布曲组（J2b）和索瓦组（J3s）。     

南北地震带北段近年地壳水平运动

采用中国地震局陆态网络数据,解算并对比南北地震带北段速度场、速度投影、基线时间序列。对比发现：①各点速度矢量呈顺时针旋转;②相对于鄂尔多斯块体,2011-2015年银川地堑各站（银川、盐池、中卫、海原等）沿NNW方向扩张;③祁连断裂表现为左旋剪切和逆冲挤压,2013年起闭锁加强;海原断裂表现为稳定的左旋和逆冲,2013年起剪切加速;六盘山断裂表现为持续并放缓的逆冲和较弱的右旋;西秦岭北缘断裂带西段呈高速且放缓的逆冲以及高速但低应变累积的左旋,东段保持高速稳定的左旋和持续逆冲。     

用于地震可预测性CSEP计划的南北地震带地区地震最小完整性震级Mc研究

To determine the studying region of China Testing Center of the Collaboratory for the Study of Earthquake Predictability (CSEP), we adopted the Entire-Magnitude-Range (EMR) method to study the spatial distribution of minimum magnitude of completeness (MC) in the North-South Trending Seismic Belt (NSTSB) during the period from October 1, 2008 to May 31, 2011. Also bootstrap testing was performed to estimate the uncertainty of MC, i.e. δMC. The results show that MC (EMR)=1.6±0.03 for the whole region. From the spatial distributions of MC we find that MC is in the range of ML1.3～2.0 for most regions. Specifically, the spatial distribution of MC is consistent with the distribution of stations indicating high monitoring level in the southern part and low monitoring level in the northern part. Events located with less than three stations have great influence on Mc. Moreover, the uncertainty of minimum magnitude of completeness δMC ranges from 0.07 to 0.22. The spatial distribution of δMC agrees with the seismic rate. The shorter time span may cause larger δMC.     

Atmospheric Moisture Distribution and Transport over the Tibetan Plateau and the Impacts of the South Asian Summer Monsoon

In this study, by using the ECMWF ERA-Interim reanalysis data from 1979 to 2010, the spatial distribution and transport of total atmospheric moisture over the Tibetan Plateau（TP） are analyzed, together with the associated impacts of the South Asian summer monsoon（SASM）. Acting as a moisture sink in summer, the TP has a net moisture flux of 2.59× 107kg s 1during 1979–2010, with moisture supplies mainly from the southern boundary along the latitude belts over the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea. The total atmospheric moisture over the TP exhibits significant diferences in both spatial distribution and transport between the monsoon active and break periods and between strong and weak monsoon years. Large positive（negative） moisture anomalies occur over the southwest edge of the TP and the Arabian Sea, mainly due to transport of easterly（westerly） anomalies during the monsoon active（break） period. For the whole TP region, the total moisture supply is more strengthened than the climatological mean during the monsoon active period, which is mainly contributed by the transport of moisture from the south edge of the TP. During the monsoon break period, however, the total moisture supply to the TP is slightly weakened. In addition, the TP moisture sink is also strengthened（weakened） in the strong（weak） monsoon years, mainly attributed by the moisture transport in the west-east directions. Our results suggest that the SASM has exerted great impacts on the total atmospheric moisture and its transport over the TP through adjusting the moisture spatial distribution.