Urban land development intensity: New evidence behind economic transition in the Yangtze River Delta,China

Over the past 20 years, China has experienced multiple economic transitions characterized by marketization, globalization, decentralization, and urbanization; as a result, urban land development intensity (ULDI) has become a significant issue for sustainable development. As China’s largest globalized urban area, the rapid socio-economic development of the Yangtze River Delta has created a huge demand for urban land. We apply a theoretical framework for a four-dimensional analysis tool to understand the dynamic evolution of the ULDI in the context of economic transition. It reveals that marketization, globalization, decentralization, and urbanization affect the ULDI in the economic transition of Yangtze River Delta. Marketization, especially the continuous improvement of land marketization, optimizes the spatial allocation of land resources and encourages urban land users to improve ULDI. Globalization promotes the rapid growth of economy and population through an increase in foreign direct investment. In the process of decentralization, local governments rely on developing a mode of land finance, resulting in a disordered urban space and low ULDI. Population growth and agglomeration during urbanization stimulates residents’ consumption capacity and promotes economic growth, thus creating a greater demand for urban land. However, a low level of development and utilization restricts the improvement of development intensity. Economic development can improve the level of land-intensive use by promoting the adjustment, optimization, and upgrade of urban industrial structures.     

框幅式数字航空摄影飞行质量检查方法

目前框幅式航空摄影飞行质量检查依旧采用先冲印纸质像片,然后人工作业的方法。该方法耗时较长,限制了数字航空摄影快速高效优势的发挥。为此,研究出一套全数字航空摄影飞行质量的检查方法。该方法的整个实现过程完全在计算机上进行:首先,利用数字航空摄影生成的浏览影像完成影像质量检查;然后,应用飞行质量检查软件和机载POS(position and orientation system)数据检查影像的重叠度、像片旋偏角、航线弯曲度以及航高保持等质量因子;最后,根据检查结果整理和编写各类文档。为验证该方法的科学性和可靠性,以湖南省衡阳市实验区影像的人工质量检查结果与其进行对比分析,结果表明,二者具有很好的一致性,说明该方法能较好地反映航空摄影飞行成果质量,并且操作简单、效率高、成本低。     

BP神经网络在高程异常反演预测中的应用分析

利用C#语言编制了BP神经网络反演预测程序,基于具有代表性地区的高程异常数据,对BP神经网络在高程异常反演预测中的应用进行了分析。结果表明,本程序交互界面良好,具有很好的通用性;同时,在高程异常反演预测中取得良好的效果,说明神经网络在差异较大的数据反演预测方面仍具有较强的优势。     

专业认证制度下变形观测分析与预报课程教学改革

文章从落实专业认证的现实需要出发,论述了工程教育专业认证的核心理念.并籍此对变形观测分析与预报课程的教学现状进行了深刻反思,提出了以目标导向为主的课程体系改革,以学生为中心的课堂教学改革,以内外反馈信息为导向的持续改进的课程教改方案.教学各环节中,以专业“产出”衡量专业人才培养质量,“看学不看教”,阶段性考核,确保教学改革落到实处.     

Corn Area Extraction by the Integration of MODIS-EVI Time Series Data and China’s Environment Satellite (HJ-1) Data

In this paper, we intent to use the remotely sensed MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data and China’s Environment Satellite (HJ-1) data for extracting the corn cultivated area over a regional scale. The high resolution HJ-1 data was to extract corn distribution at a small scale class with Support Vector Machine (SVM). The mean Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) time series curve of corn from MODIS was derived for the reference area and validated in a larger area. The MODIS-EVI time series curve derived from the reference area instead of the MODIS-EVI time series curve derived from the study area after validation, which was taken as the standard MODIS-EVI time series curve in for generating a standard MODIS-EVI image of corn. The mean absolute distance (MAD) between the standard MODIS-EVI image of corn and the MODIS-EVI time series image was used to detect the maximum possible extent of corn distribution in the study area. The results showed that the overall accuracy of the method was 82.17 %, with commission and omission errors of 16.85 and 15.40 %, respectively; at the county level, the satellite-estimated corn area and statistical data were well correlated (R ²?=?0.85, N?=?50) for the whole Jilin Province. It indicated that the MODIS data integrated with higher spatial resolution of HJ-1 satellite data could be utilized to enhance the extraction accuracy of corn cultivated area at a larger scale.     

地理国情监测在城市化发展中的应用研究——以汕头市为例

开展地理国情监测工作的目的是为了获取自然与人类社会经济活动引起的地表变化信息,为政府、企业和公众提供地理国情信息服务。城市化发展、变迁是地理国情监测的重要应用方面之一,本文以广东省汕头市为例,基于遥感技术（ RS）,利用多时相影像数据提取不同时期建成区变化信息,并有针对性地对比分析,直观反映了汕头市三十多年的城市化发展的特点和进展情况。     

长距离网络RTK基准站间整周模糊度的快速解算

由于电离层延迟、对流层延迟等系统误差具有随测站间距离增加而相关性降低的特性,长距离情况下准确快速得到载波相位整周模糊度十分困难.因此文章提出了一种长距离网络RTK基准站间双差整周模糊度的快速解算方法,该方法利用M-W组合观测值进行双差宽巷整周模糊度的计算,结合无电离层组合观测值进行基准站间双差载波相位整周模糊度的确定,且不需线性化、不需解求方程组,各双差整周模糊度之间相互独立.最后通过实测数据进行算法验证,证明了该方法能够快速、可靠地解算长距离基准站间的双差整周模糊度.     

面向对象的土地利用多尺度时空数据模型

文章分析了目前多尺度土地利用研究现状和面向对象时空数据模型特点,兼顾考虑多尺度土地利用数据的空间、时间和语义属性的多尺度特征,以空间维度为切入,对面向对象时空数据模型进行扩展,构建面向对象的土地利用多尺度时空数据模型.应用实践表明,该模型能够较好表达多尺度土地利用数据的时间、空间及语义属性信息,反映多尺度土地利用要素对象之间的多层次关联关系,既能够降低数据的冗余存储,又确保各要素对象之间的有机耦合.     

Impact of GLONASS pseudorange inter-channel biases on satellite clock corrections

GLONASS carrier phase and pseudorange observations suffer from inter-channel biases (ICBs) because of frequency division multiple access (FDMA). Therefore, we analyze the effect of GLONASS pseudorange inter-channel biases on the GLONASS clock corrections. Different Analysis Centers (AC) eliminate the impact of GLONASS pseudorange ICBs in different ways. This leads to significant differences in the satellite and AC-specific offsets in the GLONASS clock corrections. Satellite and AC-specific offset differences are strongly correlated with frequency. Furthermore, the GLONASS pseudorange ICBs also leads to day-boundary jumps in the GLONASS clock corrections for the same analysis center between adjacent days. This in turn will influence the accuracy of the combined GPS/GLONASS precise point positioning (PPP) at the day-boundary. To solve these problems, a GNSS clock correction combination method based on the Kalman filter is proposed. During the combination, the AC-specific offsets and the satellite and AC-specific offsets can be estimated. The test results show the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed clock combination method. The combined clock corrections can effectively weaken the influence of clock day-boundary jumps on combined GPS/GLONASS kinematic PPP. Furthermore, these combined clock corrections can improve the accuracy of the combined GPS/GLONASS static PPP single-day solutions when compared to the accuracy of each analysis center alone.     

无锡市水利普查成果展示系统的设计与实现

全国第一次水利普查完成数据成果汇总后,成果展示及开发应用相即展开。无锡市水利局结合自身工作及管理需要,构建了完善且适合本地需要的水利空间成果库和属性库,以地理信息技术为支撑,实现了无锡市水利普查成果"一张图"展示。无锡市水利普查成果展示系统建设以水利管理部门需求为依托,分析各项管理工作对地理信息系统提出的功能需求,系统实现对无锡市河湖水系、水利设施等进行定位、搜索、属性信息存取与分析处理等。使水利普查成果成为动态服务地图,既方便使用者查看,也便于分析水利要素周围情况及合理性,同时为水利管理工作人员规划决策提供依据。本系统将无锡市水利普查成果应用到实际工作中,为无锡市水利信息化服务,使水利普查成果为民所用。