Optimal Design for Main Dimensions of a 75000t Floating Production and Storage Vessel

The basis, process and results of the demonstration of the main dimensions of a 75000t floating production and storage vessel are discussed in this paper. A simple but reliable orthogonal design method is applied in the main dimension optimization. The ideas of gradual approximation and feedback from various aspects are put into effect. During the demonstration, in order to make the model tally with the actual situation, the draft design is closely related to the computational analysis, so that the demonstration model can be verified at any time; the handling of the overall system is closely related to the research of each item, which is beneficial not only to the mastery of various regularities, but also to the balance of decisions. Finally, according to the computational results and the regularities obtained from analysis, the main dimensions are determined.     

人造海洋涌升流和海洋渔场

针对渔业资源日趋减少和鱼产品需求不断增加的矛盾，探讨了建造海底山脉、人工制造海洋涌升流、从而人工制造优良海洋渔场的可行性，分析了我国建造海底山脉的水深、海底和海流条件。介绍了建造海底山脉的建筑方法和国际上建造海底山脉的最新动态。论述了我国在200n mile以内建造海底山脉的有利条件。     

南海南部晚中新世的放射虫及其环境探讨

南海是东亚古季风产物的主要沉积盆地，保存着比陆地更加完整和连续的沉积记录。详细分析了ODP1143号钻井晚中新世的放射虫化石群，主要根据标志种Diartus petterssoni,D.hughesi和Stichocorys delmontensis等的分布特征，分别建立了南海南部晚中新世的RN6，RN7和RN8等3个放射虫化石带，并讨论了其地层年龄。探讨了以地层中放射虫的丰度变化特征等在南海南部作为东亚古夏季风活动替代性指标的可能性，初步说明东亚古夏季风可能早于8．7Ma B.P．出现，约在8．24Ma B.P.强化达到高峰，认为与印度季风的出现几乎同步或略早。     

东山湾贝类养殖容量的估算

以初级生产力为基础，应用营养动态模式和沿岸海域能流分析模型，估算东山湾贝类年生产量分别为269331t和295767t，平均282549t。扣除潮间带、潮下带和吊养区浮筏、随着基及延绳上附着的非养殖滤食性附着动物自然现存量35760t，贝类可养殖量为246789t。应用统计分析和逻辑斯谛种群增长模型估计贝类可养面积为11839hm^2，其中缢蛏635hm^2，石蛎1160hm^2,吊蛎1525hm^2，翡翠贻贝633hm^2，菲律宾蛤仔1154hm^2，扇贝698hm^2，江瑶248hm^2，泥蚶601hm^2，巴非蛤4151hm^2，凸壳肌蛤1034hm^2。1998年实际养殖面积和养殖产量分别为10581hm^2和220564t。尚有1258hm^2,26225t的扩大开发潜力。文中还讨论了合理布局和优化养殖结构问题。     

桶形基础平台三维有限元稳定性分析

以我国第一座桶形基础采油平台工程实例为原型，采用三维有限元计算方法对桶形基础稳定性分析。平台在波浪、风等荷载作用下，其稳定性不仅与平台的整体结构有关，而且与桶形基础及其周围土体相互作用相关。在计算中，利用薄层摩擦单元模拟土与结构间的相互作用，取得了很好的效果。分析结果表明桶形基础采油平台在设计条件下运行是较为稳定的。     

Fatigue Behavior of Plain Concrete Under Biaxial Compression: Experiments and Theoretical Model

The effects of different lateral confinement stress on the fatigue behavior of and cumulative damage to plain concrete are investigated experimentally. Eighty 100 mm x 100 mm x 100 mm specimens of ordinary strength concrete are tested under constant- or variable-amplitude fatigue loading and lateral confinement pressure in two orthogonal directions. A fatigue equation is developed by modifying the classical Aas-Jakobsen S-N equation for taking into account the effect of the confined stress on fatigue strength of plain concrete. The results of variable-amplitude fatigue tests indicate that the linear damage theory proposed by Palmgren and Miner is unreasonable in the biaxial stress state. A nonlinear cumulative damage model that could model the effects of the magnitude and sequence of variable-amplitude fatigue loading and lateral confinement pressure is proposed on the basis of the evolution laws of the residual strains in the longitudinal direction during fatigue tests. The residual fatigue life predic     

Cyclone formation and development in the Antarctic Prydz Bay

Using meteorological data of field observation in 1990 - 2000, especially polar orbit high-resolution NOAA satellite cloud maps received from the Antarctic expedition vessel since 1997, the formation and development of the Prydz Bay cyclone are studied in this paper. Some new viewpoints are suggested such as: when surround-polar cyclone enters the Prydz Bay, it can also intensify and develop in summer; cyclone can also develop in the easterlies in this bay. These view points revise old uncom-plete view point that the Prydz Bay is a burial ground of cyclone, and also further consummate formation-development theory of surround-cyclone in the Antarctic westerlies and cyclone in the Antarctic easterlies. In this paper, the mechanism of ice-air-sea interaction in the Prydz Bay is studied, and the physical process of cyclone formation-development is explained. By use of wholly dynamic transportation method, an energy exchange case of a cyclone, which explosively developed after entering the Prydz Bay, is calcu     

珊瑚礁岩心声速垂向跃变及其指相意义

本文在南沙群岛永署礁南永1井珊瑚礁岩心声速测量的基础上，研究了珊瑚礁岩心声速的垂向跃变特征和相应地层沉积相变及地层侵蚀间断面的关系，分析了珊瑚礁岩心相变造成其声速跃变的原因，阐明了海平面升降形式珊瑚礁地层侵蚀间断面和产生相变的具体过程, 明了珊瑚礁岩心声速垂向跃变与相应地层古气候和海平面变化的关系，该项研究在岛礁工程建设和礁灰岩区石油勘探声学测井以及西太平洋边缘海古海洋学研究学方面具有重要的实用价值和理论意义。     

东亚海区的海岸带综合管理经验:从地方性示范到区域性合作

本文阐述了东亚海区海岸带综合管理实践如何从地方性的示范发展到区域性的合作管理框架，如何实现海洋和海岸带资源的可持续利用．文中着重突出了厦门市政府在维持环境保护和经济发展的平衡，启动和实施海岸带综合管理，以及与沿海国在国际合作方面的经验，总结了厦门实施海岸带综合管理的主要经验，包括多部门间综合协调机制、海岸带综合管理法律框架、科技支撑体系的建立，海洋功能区划、环境剖面和战略环境管理计划的制定，以及实现海上联合执法等等．同时阐述了东亚海域环境管理区域合作计划（PEMSEA）与澳大利亚合作伙伴之间的关系在推动沿海城市的国际合作中将起到的作用．     

动力定位系统与单波束测深仪在科考船定点作业中的应用

科考船定点作业时会受到海洋风、涌、浪、流等外界环境因素影响，导致工作效率降低，原位测量精度下降，甚至影响作业安全。动力定位系统 （DP） 具有自动定位功能，能够抵抗外界环境因素的影响，可实现科考船高精度定点控位。 单波束测深仪不仅可以测量水深，也可反映水下设备深度信息，可以起到辅助监控水下设备功能。本文在介绍定点作业施工现状与局限性的基础上，分析 DP 系统与单波束测深仪工作原理，以“向阳红 01”船为载体，在定点作业时开启 DP 系统与单波束测深仪，发现该方法可以提高科考船定点作业工作效率、原位测量精度并保障作业安全，可为其他科考船定点作业提供参考。