岩石破坏前后曲线分类及脆-延转换围压研究——蚀变岩常规三轴压缩试验Ⅰ

蚀变岩是工程中少见的软弱岩类,在西南某重大水电工程中,蚀变岩处于工程的重要部位,为保证工程的长期稳定性,对蚀变岩力学特性进行了深入全面的试验研究.通过对孔隙度不同的饱水蚀变岩进行系统的常规三轴压缩试验和总结分析,提出了蚀变岩三轴压缩下破坏前应力.应变曲线可分为3大类,破坏后应力-应变曲线亦可分为3大类的形态模式.并得出结论:蚀变岩的破坏类型受围压与孔隙度的共同影响,在给定的12 MPa围压下蚀变岩以脆性破坏为主,只有孔隙度大于16%且围压大于4 MPa时才有可能进入脆-延转换状态,且脆-延转换围压随孔隙度增加而降低,临界状态应力比随孔隙度增大而增加.     

南海温跃层基本特征及一维预报模式

根据现有1907—1990年南海大面调查资料,按1°×1°网格进行逐月的标准水层的温度统计。在此基础上采用3次样条函数的插值方法计算出整个南海温跃层的深度、厚度和强度并予以相应分析。分析表明,南海温跃层主要分为两种类型:第一类为辐射型,主要分布在南海北部的陆架区内,季节变化显著;第二类为不同水体叠置型,主要分布在广大深水区,它长年存在,季节变化较小。一种温跃层的一维积分预报模式,该模式是基于忽略热平流作用和水平热扩散的前提下,从局部热平衡方程出发,建立了受海面热收支及风混合作用下求解温度垂直分布及温跃层的时空变化。在南海北部水深约300m处进行了单站温跃层后报,结果表明,温跃层的深度、厚度和强度的相对误差均在30％以下。     

鱼粉脂肪酸组成的分析研究

本文应用气相色谱对水产饲料的主要原料——— 4类进口鱼粉的脂肪酸组成进行分析 ,结果表明 :①鱼粉中主要脂肪酸含量SFA为C1 6∶0、C1 8∶0 ,MUFA为C1 8∶1、C1 6∶1 ,PUFA为EPA和DHA .② 4类鱼粉中 ,美国、新西兰、俄罗斯的鱼粉MUFA含量较为接近 ,都在 4 0 %左右 ,但新西兰鱼粉的C1 8∶1含量较美国鱼粉高 ,其平均值分别为 2 50 %和 1 9.53% ,而C 2 0∶1、C2 2∶1 ,则比美国低一些 ,俄罗斯鱼粉的含量居两者之间 .智利鱼粉的MUFA比前 3种鱼粉低 ,只有 30 %左右 .③ 4类鱼粉中新西兰鱼粉的PUFA最低 ,它们的EPA与DHA的比值为 :美国鱼粉接近 1∶1 ,新西兰鱼粉为1∶1 .5～ 1∶3.2 ,俄罗斯鱼粉为 1∶1 .2～ 1∶1 .4 ,智利鱼粉为 1∶2左右 ,④智利鱼粉的C2 2∶5n 3明显高于其它 3类鱼粉 ,而C2 0∶1、和C2 2∶1则明显低于其它 3类鱼粉     

网络与计算机应用实时业务运行系统

本文主要介绍国家海洋环境预报中心网络与计算机应用的实时通信系统、实时数据处理系统、实时预报发布系统等目前实时运行的十项业务系统.     

0102号台风"飞燕"移动路径特点的分析

2001年2号台风“飞燕”登陆早、强度大、移速快、突发性强给福建中部沿海地区带来巨大损失。本文利用常规资料及云图等资料对其登陆福建及后期路径北折的特点及成因进行分析，结果表明：200hPa散度、850hPa涡度及低层能量场对台风路径北折有比较好的预示作用，台风未来移向有沿着200hPa其中心附近辐散中心长轴方向、850hPa正涡度长轴方向及低层暖平流区和850hPa θse高能中心轴移动的趋势。     

A method to estimate the forces exerted by internal solitons on cylindrical piles

Internal soliton is the large amplitude wave existing in the pycnocline, induced by internal tide in the condition of special bottom topography. During its propagation process, the induced disturbance can bring about strong convergence of sea water and sudden strong current (wave-induced-current), which can cause severe threat to the ocean engineering structures, such as oil drilling platform and pipeline. In this paper, Morison’s empirical method, modal separation and regression analyses are introduced to estimate the forces and torques exerted by internal soliton on cylindrical piles. As an example, a limited set of observational data recording a passage of the internal soliton near Dongsha Islands is used to estimate the horizontal velocity and its acceleration in a vertical section for computing the force and torque on a supposed pile, and the estimation results are reasonable. It is shown that, the higher number of the modes retained in the calculation, the better the estimation of velocity profile fits the observational one. A better overall approximation to the real solution can be reached if there are more observational current data acquired in a whole vertical profile.     

大黄鱼倍性检测研究

于2001—2004年对人工诱导大黄鱼的不同发育阶段和不同组织进行倍性检测，胚胎眼泡期采用染色体计数法测定，鱼苗和成鱼阶段用流式细胞法，结果表明，胚胎染色体数目2n=48条为二倍体，3n=72条为三倍体．采用流式细胞法测定鱼苗和成鱼个体时，若受测样品的DNA相对含量值与已知对照组二倍体的比值约为1．5：1，其个体为三倍体；比值约为1：1，则为二倍体，无论用肌肉或尾鳍组织，皆可检测出其个体的倍性。     

REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOUR AND EARLY EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT OF Trachypleus tridentatus

This paper reports the season, environmental conditions and pattern of spawning, fecundity and hatching amount of king crab, Trachypleus tridentatus. The egg-diameter of this animal has seasonal variations, which is different from that reported in foreign countries. The egg cleavage of the animal is in the transitional pattern from holoblastic cleavage to surface division. Egg cleavage occurs firstly on one pole with false cleavage furrows, the number of division nucleus increases continuously which move outward from the yolks to form into a layer of blastomere on the surface of the blast together with some of egg plasma. The blastomere formed into the blastoderm and the polygonal cells encircled in this cell layer is equal to the "yolk cells" of insects during the period of egg cleavage. The formation of the periblas-tula is the result of egg cleavage. This paper makes application of the technique of vital staining in exploring the properties of the stained particles. The death of the blasts after stai     

耗散结构理论在判断南海热带气旋路径演变中的应用

本文用耗散结构理论推导出南海热带气旋的移动公式,通过实际应用和实例检验,证明它对估计南海热带气旋路径演变有一定的实用价值。     

CHARACTERISTICS OF MAGNETIC LINEATIONS AND TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF THE SOUTH CHINA SEA BASIN

Based on the analysis of new data of a total of 60 000 km, the authors propose a new spreading model of the tectonic evolution of the South China Sea Basin and suggest that magnetic anomalies in the Basin are the magnetic anomalies of a new type in marginal basins, that the tectonic development of the Basin can be divided into three seafloor spreading phases and that the southward migration of spreading ridge is related to the asymmetric spreading.