川西盆地雾和能见度的气候特征及其对飞行的影响

利用川西盆地广汉机场气象台1986年1月~1995年12月共10 a地面观测资料,对广汉机场低能见度的生消时间、持续时间和能见度的年季节变化及其日变化做了统计分析,研究广汉机场全年能见度的飞行气候特征,特别是低能见度气候特征对飞行的影响。结果表明,能见度日变化特征表现为:白天早、晚时段能见度较低,午后能见度达到最高。能见度的季节变化特征表现为:冬(12,1,2月)、春季(3,4,5月)能见度较低,而夏(6,7,8月)、秋季(9,10,11月)能见度较高。冬季能见度的变化主要受辐射雾影响,夏季能见度的变化主要受降水的影响,随着降水强度的变化而变化,低能见度时间短暂。各标准低能见度逐时频率的日变化特征在各季基本相似,低能见度高频率区均出现在早晨到上午,低频率区均出现在下午。     

实时修复双频原始载波相位观测值周跳的虚拟值探测法

利用各频率观测值间物理上的相关性,采用数学变换得到一个含有双频原始载波观测信息的虚拟观测值,与双频数据按长波长特性进行多频组合来放大周跳。对探测出的周跳候选值利用Melbourne-Wubbena组合及多项式拟合作为两个判别条件来进行甄选,达到了实时修复双频原始载波相位观测值周跳的目的。     

2015年台风“彩虹”过境后下山冷急流引起的南海北部海域异常海面降温

This study deals with a unusual cooling event after Typhoon Mujigea passed over the northern South China Sea(SCS) in October 2015. We analyze the satellite sea surface temperature(SST) time series from October 3 to 18,2015 and find that the cooling process in the coastal ocean had two different stages. The first stage occurred immediately after typhoon passage on October 3, and reached a maximum SST drop of –2℃ on October 7 as the usual cold wake after typhoon. The second stage or the unusual extended cooling event occurred after 7d of the typhoon passage, and lasted for 5d from October 10 to 15. The maximum SST cooling was –4℃ and occurred after 12d of typhoon passage. The mechanism analysis results indicate that after landing and moving northwestward to the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau(YGP), Typhoon Mujigea(2015) met the westerly wind front on October 5. The lowpressure and positive-vorticity disturbances to the front triggered meridional air flow and low-pressure trough,thus induced a katabatic cold jet downward from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP) passing through the YGP to the northwestern SCS. The second cooling reached the maximum SST drop 4d later after the maximum air temperature drop of –9℃ on October 11. The simultaneous air temperature and SST observations at three coastal stations reveal that it is this katabatic cold jet intrusion to lead the unusual SST cooling event.     

Mineralogical characteristics of polymetallic sulfides from the Deyin-1 hydrothermal field near 15°S,southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge

A seafloor hydrothermal field, named Deyin-1 later, near 15°S southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge(SMAR) was newly found during the 22 nd cruise carried out by the China Ocean Mineral Resources Research Development Association(COMRA). Sulfide samples were collected at three stations from the hydrothermal field during the26 th cruise in 2012. In this paper, mineralogical characteristics of the sulfides were analyzed with optical microscope, X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope and electron microprobe to study the crystallization sequence of minerals and the process of hydrothermal mineralization. According to the difference of the ore-forming metal elements, the sulfide samples can be divided into three types:(1) the Ferich sulfide, which contains mainly pyrite and chalcopyrite;(2) the Fe-Cu-rich sulfide consisting predominantly of pyrite, chalcopyrite and isocubanite, with lesser amount of sphalerite, marmatite and pyrrhotine; and(3) the Fe-Zn-rich sulfide dominated by pyrite, sphalerite and marmatite, with variable amounts of chalcopyrite, isocubanite, pyrrhotine, marcasite, galena and gratonite. Mineral precipitations in these sulfides are in the sequence of chalcopyrite(isocubanite and possible coarse pyrite), fine pyrite,sphalerite(marmatite), galena, gratonite and then the minerals out of the dissolution. Two morphologically distinct generations(Py-I and Py-II) of pyrite are identified in each of the samples; inclusions of marmatite tend to exist in the coarse pyrite crystals(Py-I). Sphalerite in the Fe-Zn-rich sulfide is characterized by a"chalcopyrite disease" phenomenon. Mineral paragenetic relationships and a wide range of chemical compositions suggest that the environment of hydrothermal mineralization was largely changing. By comparison, the Fe-rich sulfide was formed in a relatively stable environment with a high temperature, but the conditions for the formation of the Fe-Cu-rich sulfide were variable. The Fe-Zn-rich sulfide was precipitated during the hydrothermal venting at relatively low temperature.     

风湿骨痛药酒槌敲打外治类风湿关节炎48例临床观察

目的：探讨风湿骨痛药酒槌敲打结合西药治疗类风湿关节炎的临床疗效。方法：将类风湿关节炎患者96例随机分为2组,每组各48例。对照组采用口服塞来昔布胶囊和甲氨蝶呤片治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗基础上加风湿骨痛药酒槌敲打治疗。结果：显效进步率治疗组为89.6%,对照组为66.7%,组间比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;2组治疗前后TJC、SJC、晨僵时间、ESR、RF、CRP、HAQ评分、DAS28评分治疗前后组内比较及治疗前后差值组间比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论：采用风湿骨痛药酒槌敲打结合口服非甾体抗炎药塞来昔布胶囊和抗风湿药甲氨蝶呤片治疗类风湿关节炎有较好疗效。     

痹痛膏定性鉴别及方法耐用性研究

目的：建立痹痛膏的薄层定性鉴别方法并对其进行耐用性考察。方法：采用薄层色谱法鉴别痹痛膏中所含的威灵仙、两面针、续断。结果：所建立的薄层色谱方法能较好地鉴别出方中所含的威灵仙、两面针、续断,斑点清晰,对应良好,且阴性无干扰,方法耐用性考察结果显示,所建立的方法对不同薄层板、及不同温湿度适应性较好。结论：所建立的薄层色谱鉴别方法简便、专属性强、耐用性好,可作为痹痛膏的质量控制方法。     

长江口青草沙水库前沿河床演变与失稳风险研究

位于长江口南北港分流口的青草沙水库是上海市最大的城市供水水源地,开展该水库前沿河床稳定性和失稳风险研究具有重要的理论意义和工程指导价值。基于此,利用长江口南北港分流口2000年至2013年期间实测的高精度地形资料,分析青草沙水库前沿河床近期地貌变化特征,为水库库堤安全预警提供相关理论支撑。结果表明:青草沙水库前沿河床冲淤变化在建库前后有明显差异,建库前总体表现为河槽冲刷、沙洲淤积,呈现准冲-淤振荡的性质;建库后变为幅度逐渐减弱的持续冲刷;沿河床河槽形态由U型向U型与V型河槽叠加的复式河槽转变。青草沙水库前沿沙体沿落潮主流方向下移,成形沙体呈先增长、再减少,最后趋于平衡的态势,隐形沙体大体呈减少趋势。青草沙水库库堤前沿近600 m位置是河床失稳的重点风险区域,尤其是水库库堤中上部河床处于不稳定状态,如前沿边坡所在河槽进一步逼近水库前沿,则河床面临进一步冲刷的可能。     

渤海MN油田南区相控地质建模

在精细地层对比、沉积相分析和隔夹层分布等研究基础上,笔者采用相控方法进行渤海MN油田南区储层三维地质建模。在沉积相模拟中,以沉积模式为蓝本,将沉积亚相展布、井震结合预测的泥岩夹层分布等确定性认识和随机模拟技术相结合,同时依据各沉积亚相内储层发育的特征和差异,选择不同的“砂包泥”和“泥包砂”模拟思路,实现逐级相控、定量表征储层的空间分布。研究结果表明,以精细油田地质特征认识为基础,采用多条件地质约束的相控建模方法,可以更好地反映沉积认识,提高储层建模的精确度。     

适用于快速远程检测海水中氰化物的方法研究

建立了一种适用于海洋远程快速检测氰化物的检测方法,设计了一体化检测装置,未来可搭载到无人艇上实现自动快速检测。针对最佳检测条件进行了一系列优化,得到最佳检测条件:对于100 mL的待测样品,加入酒石酸固体1.5 g;用1～2滴浓度为150 g/L的碳酸钠溶液浸润苦味酸试纸;加热温度80℃,加热时间10min。在最佳检测条件下,检测检出限达0.3mg/L。该方法实现了适用于海水氰化钠的远程检测,大大提高了检测效率,无需人员进入污染现场,安全性高。可广泛用于海洋危化品泄漏、湖泊污染、现场应急筛选等场合的水体样品快速检测。     

广西北部湾海域球形棕囊藻囊体时空分布及其影响因素

为揭示广西北部湾海域球形棕囊藻囊体的时空分布特征,探讨其与水体环境因素的关系,于2016年12月至2017年6月对该海域29个站位进行了6次综合调查。结果表明,调查海域球形棕囊藻囊体丰度介于0—4.09×10~4col/m~3,12月至次年3月囊体丰度较高;西南深水区域囊体丰度呈现逐月递减趋势,而广西和雷州半岛近岸海域囊体丰度呈现先升高再降低的趋势。相关性分析显示该海域囊体丰度与水温、磷酸盐和硅酸盐浓度呈显著负相关(P0.01);与叶绿素a浓度、溶解氧呈显著正相关(P0.01);在局部区域与盐度呈显著正相关(P0.01),与硝酸盐浓度呈显著负相关(P0.01)。典型站位分析结果显示球形棕囊藻囊体丰度的变化趋势与其他浮游植物的相同,而与群落多样性指数的变化趋势相反。球形棕囊藻囊体的时空分布主要取决于环境条件的变化,也会受到其他浮游植物群落结构改变的影响。