高美古空气湿度的初步分析

给出丽江高美古天文候选点两年的湿度观测结果与宾川３００２ｍ山峰的比较,初步分析了湿度对天文可用时间及视宁度的影响。     

丽江高美古天文候选点的气象观测

介绍了丽江高美古气象定点观测情况,给出了两年半天文可用时间及两年气象各因素的统计结果。     

Influence of reclamation works on the marine environment in a semi-enclosed bay

1Introduction GamakBay,anegg shapedseasurfaceareaofap proximately112km2,isasemi enclosedshallowwaterareawithameandepthof9mandhasbotheastandsouthchannelstoreceiveseawaterfromoutside(seeFig.1).Similarscalesoftidalwavesalmostsimultane ouslyenterorexitthrough…     

Nonhomogeneous Poisson model for volcanic eruptions

A simple Poisson process is more specifically known as a homogeneous Poisson process since the rate was assumed independent of time t. The homogeneous Poisson model generally gives a good fit to many volcanoes for forecasting volcanic eruptions. If eruptions occur according to a homogeneous Poisson process, the repose times between consecutive eruptions are independent exponential variables with mean=1/. The exponential distribution is applicable when the eruptions occur at random and are not due to aging, etc. It is interesting to note that a general population of volcanoes can be related to a nonhomogeneous Poisson process with intensity factor(t). In this paper, specifically, we consider a more general Weibull distribution, WEI (, ), for volcanism. A Weibull process is appropriate for three types of volcanoes: increasing-eruption-rate (>1), decreasing-eruption-rate (<1), and constant-eruption-rate (=1). Statistical methods (parameter estimation, hypothesis testing, and prediction intervals) are provided to analyze the following five volcanoes: Also, Etna, Kilauea, St. Helens, and Yake-Dake. We conclude that the generalized model can be considered a goodness-of-fit test for a simple exponential model (a homogeneous Poisson model), and is preferable for practical use for some nonhomogeneous Poisson volcanoes with monotonic eruptive rates.     

广东及邻区的应力场反演

利用137个震源机制解的资料,反演了广东及邻区的应力场,获得了12个地区的构造应力张量数据. 结果表明,福建西南部、江西南部、广东河源、珠江三角洲地区最大主应力sigma;1的方位大致为WNW;广东阳江地区最大主应力sigma;1的方位为NW,广西东部两区和北部湾地区最大主应力sigma;1的方位为近NNW. 从东到西,最大主应力sigma;1方位大体上呈WNW-NW-NNW变化;最小主应力sigma;3的方位大体上呈NNE到ENE变化. 中等主应力sigma;2相对大小R值在北部湾地区最小,福建龙岩地区最大. 断层运动以走滑型为主.      

Effects of freshwater runoff on a tropical pacific climate in the HadGEM2

This paper investigates the effects of river discharge on simulated climatology from 1979 to 1988 using the Hadley Centre Global Environmental Model version 2. Two experiments are performed with and without the inclusion of Total Runoff Integrating Pathways. The results show that the inclusion of flow routing can lead to the decrease of salinity over the coastal region due to freshwater. This reduction results in a shallower mixed layer depth, which in turn leads to the weakening of trade winds and a decrease in vertical mixing in the ocean. The enhanced sensible and latent heat fluxes over warmed SST improve the simulated precipitation and thermodynamic circulation. As a result, the experiment with flow routing is capable of improving the large-scale climate feature with an increase in precipitation over the eastern tropical equatorial Pacific region.     

地质工程计算机辅助设计支持系统及其应用

地质工程设计具有非结构化、非参数化、非规范化特征,同时,也具有风险与优化性和反馈与可变更性。仅用一种固定的、程式化的求解方法是不现实的。因此,必须寻求一种非结构化的工具,根据问题的需要,面向目标自动生成求解结构。本文归纳了地质工程设计的基本内容,探讨了基于几何和基于人工智能的计算机辅助地质工程设计。最后,介绍了地质工程设计支持系统在长江三峡链子崖危岩治理工程设计中的应用。     

The discovery of iron spheres with golden Ni−Fe core in deep-sea sediments

Recently, we collected several thousand cosmic spheres in deep-sea sediments from the Northern Pacific (lat. 7°–11°N, long. 158°–178°W). They include iron sphere (83%), sillicate spheres (15%), and glassy spheres (2%). 5.7% of the iron spheres has button-shaped structures containing Ni, Co, Cu, Cr, Au, etc. This discovery is of significance for the further investigation into the origin and formation mechanism of cosmic spheres.     

端承桩在常轴力作用下的地震反应分析

对分层弹性地基中端承桩基础按ｗｉｎｋｌｅｒ（温克尔）地基土模型并通过特性分析建立了合理的力学模型。经过动力分析，给出了端承桩横向自振特性及在常轴力与横向地震载荷作用下强迫反应解析解，为具有常轴力与横向地震载荷作用下的无限层弹性地基中端承桩的动力反应分析提供了一种新的解析方法。     

Seismic performance of a 1 : 15‐scale 25‐story RC flat‐plate core‐wall building model

Earthquake simulation tests were conducted on a 1 : 15‐scale 25‐story building model to verify the seismic performance of high‐rise reinforced‐concrete flat‐plate core‐wall building structures designed per the recent seismic code KBC 2009 or IBC 2006. The following conclusions can be drawn from the test results: (1) The vertical distribution of acceleration during the table excitations revealed the effect of the higher modes, whereas free vibration after the termination of the table excitations was governed by the first mode. The maximum values of base shear and roof drift during the free vibration are either similar to or larger than the values of the maximum responses during the table excitation. (2) With a maximum roof drift ratio of 0.7% under the maximum considered earthquake in Korea, the lateral stiffness degraded to approximately 50% of the initial stiffness. (3) The crack modes appear to be a combination of flexure and shear in the slab around the peripheral columns and in the coupling beam. Energy dissipation via inelastic deformation was predominant during free vibration after the termination of table excitation rather than during table excitation. Finally, (4) the walls with special boundary elements in the first story did not exhibit any significant inelastic behavior, with a maximum curvature of only 21% of the ultimate curvature, corresponding to an ultimate concrete compressive strain of 0.00638 m/m intended in the displacement‐based design approach. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.