鄂尔多斯古陆金刚石成矿条件及找矿潜力

鄂尔多斯古陆具有稳定的结晶基底和沉积盖层,也存在有利于金伯利岩形成的深切地幔的深大断裂构造。在山西柳林尖家沟地区发现众多金伯利岩,在山西应县和大同地区发现金伯利岩、钾镁煌斑岩及似金伯利岩等与金刚石形成有关的岩体,在这些地区也发现少量微粒金刚石和大量指示矿物;圈出内蒙古新庙、陕西店塔2个铬尖晶石指示矿物异常区。陕西店塔地区还发现与金伯利岩岩浆活动有关的环状构造。鄂尔多斯古陆区具备原生金刚石形成条件,具有良好的找矿潜力。     

阿尔金山前下—中侏罗统页岩气成藏地质条件分析

阿尔金山前侏罗系出露大套厚层的暗色泥页岩,生烃潜力优越,具备陆相页岩气形成条件,是有利的勘探接替区。通过野外地质调查、样品采集和测试分析,研究下—中侏罗统泥页岩的沉积展布、有机地球化学特征及储集性能,并探讨了该区页岩气的勘探潜力。研究表明: 富有机质泥页岩主要处于滨浅湖—半深湖相、沼泽相沉积环境中,其在平面上呈NE向展布,单层厚度和累计厚度均较大; 泥页岩的有机质类型主要为Ⅱ₁、Ⅱ₂型干酪根; TOC含量为0.55%~10%,平均为2.28%; 镜质体反射率(R_o)为1.0%~1.6%,平均为1.269%,处于成熟—高成熟阶段,为页岩气藏形成提供良好的生烃条件; 其矿物特征表现为脆性矿物含量高,大于51%,有利于后期的水力压裂改造和页岩气开采; 通过扫描电镜观察,泥页岩储层发育微孔隙及微裂缝,为页岩气提供了良好的储集空间和运移通道。初步预测,后期改造相对较弱的月牙山地区为页岩气勘探的有利目标区。     

Evolution trend of the water quality in Dongping Lake after South-North Water Transfer Project in China

To investigate the evolution trend of water quality in Dongping Lake after South-North Water Transfer Project operation as well as to ensure the safe usage of the water receiving areas, water samples were collected and determined before and after water delivery in different hydrological seasons. Then, comprehensive pollution index method, comprehensive nutrition state index method and health risk assessment model were utilized to evaluate the quality, nutrition, and health risk of Dongping Lake water. Results showed that the quality of Dongping Lake water still met level Ⅲ (light pollution) no matter before or after water delivery. The nutrition state was improved from light eutropher before water delivery to mesotropher after water delivery. The health risk level was reduced from high-medium before water delivery to medium level after water delivery. In summary, the operation of the eastern route of South-North Water Transfer Project is beneficial for water environment improvement of Dongping Lake.     

Optimizing dewatering design for a metro station on the Chengdu Metro Line 7

At present, most calculation results regarding foundation pit dewatering are ideal values, making construction resources prone to being wasted. In order to optimize the traditional pipe well design of large wells, the linear programming solution module in Excel is used, with the total water inflow taken as the objective function, the water level drawdown used as the constraint and test condition, and a station project on the Chengdu Metro Line 7 serving as the subject of this study. The total water inflow of the traditional pipe well design is optimized by the simplex method, producing a total water inflow of 4 040.65 m~3/d, which, compared with 4 829.79 m~3/d, the total water inflow calculated by means of the traditional design optimization method, engenders a reduction of roughly 16% per day. The feasibility of the optimization methodology is verified by the drawdown constraint, which reveals the decrease of construction costs and the diminution of the influence that the lowered groundwater level has on the surroundings of the metro station. Finally, references are provided as to optimizing the dewatering designs for other metro stations in similar engineering and hydrogeological conditions.     

赣东北景德镇四村矿化蚀变带成矿地质条件及找矿潜力

四村矿化蚀变带是在塔前—赋春矿集区新发现的1处铜多金属矿化蚀变带,通过与朱溪钨铜多金属矿床进行地质、矿化蚀变、地球物理-地球化学-遥感异常等对比,认为二者的成矿地质条件相似。根据四村地区浅表闪长玢岩、煌斑岩和辉长辉绿岩脉地质特征,推测其深部可能存在花岗质岩体。结合晚古生代碳酸盐岩、断裂破碎带和层间破碎带地质特征,推测花岗质岩浆上侵并与碳酸盐岩接触交代,可形成矽卡岩型矿床或热液脉型矿床,具有较好的找矿潜力。下一步找矿重点为侵入岩与碳酸盐岩接触带、断裂带和层间破碎带。     

长三角地区港口腹地范围演化及其影响机制

本文尝试将海港和内河港的腹地范围演化纳入统一的研究框架。运用场强模型划分2001年、2008年和2016年长三角主要海港和内河港口的直接腹地范围,分析其演化特征,总结演化最显著的两大龙头港口——上海港和宁波港的腹地演化影响机制。结果表明：① 港口场强分布特征是以三大海港为龙头形成三大高场强集聚区。② 港口直接腹地演化最明显的特征是宁波港扩张的腹地范围基本来自上海港收缩的腹地范围。③ 上海港的直接腹地范围不断被宁波港袭夺是因为上海港通过市场主导和行政协调的机制,扩展了沿着长江布局的内河港口群水水中转的间接腹地,而非直接陆地腹地;相反,宁波港主要依靠行政机制和逐渐强化的市场力量,使直接陆地腹地范围逐渐延展到浙江全省。     

无人机在冰川变化监测中的应用——以唐古拉山小冬克玛底冰川为例

近年来,无人机技术发展迅速。无人机的灵活、便携、超高分辨率等特性使其在冰川变化监测上具有很好的发展前景。论文以青藏高原腹地的唐古拉山小冬克玛底冰川为例,首次在海拔5400 m以上的地区开展了无人机航测,通过非冰川区的基岩对2019年7月20日、2019年9月27日和2020年7月16日3期航测产品进行相对校正,分析了小冬克玛底冰川在物质平衡年和消融期内的变化情况,并进一步讨论了无人机在冰川区观测时所遇到的问题及其优势,以期为后续研究提供参考。结果表明:利用无人机技术能够实现冰川在消融期内的末端、面积以及高程变化监测,并对冰川的细部特征进行分析,适合于小区域单条冰川的变化监测。     

绝对重力仪激光器光纤对准调节方法概述

绝对重力仪激光器光纤由于应力变化、形状改变、震动或耦合器维护等原因破坏了输出激光的偏振态,使其在光纤内的传输变得非常不稳定,导致光纤输出激光的消光比值小于100,无法满足绝对重力观测条件。针对该问题,介绍了光纤对准调节的方法,通过设计消光比检测装置检验消光比值是否大于100。对#181和#250两台WEO100型He-Ne激光器的光纤进行对准调节实验,并通过消光比检测装置实测,两台激光器输出的光束消光比值满足绝对重力测量的条件,表明该对准调节方法科学有效。     

新疆大草湖地区水系沉积物测量地球化学特征及找矿方向

在1∶5万水系沉积物测量的基础上,分析了大草湖地区钼钒磷金铜等元素的地球化学特征。通过对成矿元素的分布特征及相关性分析、因子分析,认为寻钼钒磷金铜矿床潜力较大;根据异常特征及成矿地质条件,在早寒武世西大山组和晚泥盆世破城子组地层背景下,寻找与早寒武世西大山组地层相关的钼钒磷层控沉积型和与晚泥盆世破城子组相关火山岩型金铜矿床潜力较大,进而划分出3个成矿远景区,即乔龙库图克南钼、磷、钒、银、锌、铁、铜成矿远景区、大草湖南钼、磷、铅成矿远景区、铜矿山金、铜、钨多金属成矿远景区。     

The Characteristics and Controlling Factors of Water and Heat Exchanges over the Alpine Wetland in the East of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau

Alpine wetland is one of the typical underlying surfaces on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. It plays a crucial role in runoff regulation. Investigations on the mechanisms of water and heat exchanges are necessary to understand the land surface processes over the alpine wetland. This study explores the characteristics of hydro-meteorological factors with in situ observations and uses the Community Land Model 5 to identify the main factors controlling water and heat exchanges.Latent heat flux and therm...